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# **ARIA AND SONG (II) - (Book: **Mozart, His Character, His Work by Alfred Einstein**) ** ## Mozart on *Il curioso indiscreto*: Success, Intrigue, and a Printed “Notice” (Letter of **2 July**) On **2…

# **Haydn - Symphonies Nos. 72 - 93 - 95 - Nikolaus Esterhazy Sinfonia - Bela Drahos ** [https://www.patreon.com/posts/haydn-symphonies-146635443?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link](https://www.patreon.com/posts/haydn-symphonies-146635443?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link) ## **Symphony No. 72 in D major, Hob. I:72 (c. 1774)** **Virtuosity, experimentation, and orchestral…

𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘇 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘇𝘁 𝗕𝘆 𝗝𝗮𝗺𝗲𝘀 𝗛𝘂𝗻𝗲𝗸𝗲𝗿 𝗣𝗼𝘀𝘁 𝟭𝟲 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗜𝗜𝗜 — 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗕-𝗠𝗶𝗻𝗼𝗿 𝗦𝗼𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗢𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗿 𝗣𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗼 𝗣𝗶𝗲𝗰𝗲𝘀 𝟯.𝟭. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗕-𝗠𝗶𝗻𝗼𝗿 𝗦𝗼𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗮𝘀 𝗮 𝗠𝗼𝗻𝘂𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 In this chapter, 𝗝𝗮𝗺𝗲𝘀 𝗛𝘂𝗻𝗲𝗸𝗲𝗿 approaches 𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘇 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘇𝘁’𝘀 𝗕-𝗺𝗶𝗻𝗼𝗿 𝗦𝗼𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗮…

𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘇 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘇𝘁 𝗕𝘆 𝗝𝗮𝗺𝗲𝘀 𝗛𝘂𝗻𝗲𝗸𝗲𝗿 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗜 — 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘇𝘁: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗥𝗲𝗮𝗹 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗟𝗲𝗴𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗣𝗼𝘀𝘁 𝟬𝟵 — 𝗣𝗮𝗴𝗮𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗶, 𝗖𝗵𝗼𝗽𝗶𝗻, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗕𝗲𝗿𝗹𝗶𝗼𝘇 In the making of 𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘇 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘇𝘁, three encounters were decisive. They did not merely…

𝗕𝗘𝗘𝗧𝗛𝗢𝗩𝗘𝗡’𝗦 𝗧𝗪𝗘𝗟𝗩𝗘 𝗧𝗥𝗨𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗦𝗧𝗘𝗥𝗣𝗜𝗘𝗖𝗘𝗦: 𝗪𝗛𝗘𝗥𝗘 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖 𝗕𝗘𝗖𝗔𝗠𝗘𝗦 𝗗𝗘𝗦𝗧𝗜𝗡𝗬 To choose Beethoven’s twelve “true” masterpieces is not simply to choose his most famous works. Fame is not enough. Beethoven wrote works so central to Western…

𝗦𝗖𝗛𝗨𝗠𝗔𝗡𝗡 — 𝗘𝗥𝗜𝗖 𝗙𝗥𝗘𝗗𝗘𝗥𝗜𝗖𝗞 𝗝𝗘𝗡𝗦𝗘𝗡 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗦𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡𝗦 — 𝗢𝗫𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗗 𝗨𝗡𝗜𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗦𝗜𝗧𝗬 𝗣𝗥𝗘𝗦𝗦 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟱 — 𝗦𝗖𝗛𝗨𝗠𝗔𝗡𝗡’𝗦 𝗖𝗢𝗠𝗣𝗢𝗦𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡𝗦 𝗣𝗥𝗜𝗢𝗥 𝗧𝗢 𝟭𝟴𝟯𝟰 𝗕𝗘𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗘 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧 𝗦𝗖𝗛𝗨𝗠𝗔𝗡𝗡 𝗔𝗣𝗣𝗘𝗔𝗥𝗦 Before 1834, Robert Schumann had not yet fully become…

𝗘𝗥𝗜𝗖𝗔 𝗠𝗢𝗥𝗜𝗡𝗜 — 𝗔 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗩𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗻𝗲𝘀𝗲 𝗩𝗶𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗶𝘀𝘁 𝗪𝗵𝗼 𝗥𝗲𝗳𝘂𝘀𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗼 𝗕𝗲 𝗥𝗲𝗺𝗲𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗱 𝗢𝗻𝗹𝘆 𝗮𝘀 “𝗮 𝗪𝗼𝗺𝗮𝗻 𝗩𝗶𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗶𝘀𝘁” 𝗘𝗿𝗶𝗰𝗮 𝗠𝗼𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗶 was one of the most remarkable violinists of the twentieth century: a child prodigy…

𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗠𝗘 𝗜 — 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟭 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝗵𝗺𝘀 𝗙𝗮𝗺𝗶𝗹𝘆, 𝗛𝗮𝗺𝗯𝘂𝗿𝗴, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗶𝗿𝘀𝘁 𝗦𝗶𝗴𝗻𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗚𝗲𝗻𝗶𝘂𝘀 𝟭𝟳𝟲𝟬–𝟭𝟴𝟰𝟱 The first chapter begins far before the birth of Johannes…

𝗕𝗘𝗘𝗧𝗛𝗢𝗩𝗘𝗡 𝗔𝗧 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗣𝗜𝗔𝗡𝗢 𝗢𝗻 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰 — 𝗪𝗵𝗲𝗻 𝗧𝗲𝗰𝗵𝗻𝗶𝗾𝘂𝗲 𝗕𝗲𝗰𝗮𝗺𝗲 𝗦𝗼𝘂𝗹 For 𝗟𝘂𝗱𝘄𝗶𝗴 𝘃𝗮𝗻 𝗕𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗻, performance was never a mere display of dexterity. To play music was not simply to move the fingers…

𝗔𝗹𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗿𝗼 𝗦𝗰𝗮𝗿𝗹𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗶 (𝟭𝟲𝟲𝟬–𝟭𝟳𝟮𝟱): 𝗔 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗕𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗻 𝗢𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮, 𝗗𝗲𝘃𝗼𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻, 𝗡𝗮𝗽𝗹𝗲𝘀, 𝗥𝗼𝗺𝗲, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗕𝗶𝗿𝘁𝗵 𝗼𝗳 𝗮 𝗡𝗲𝘄 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗟𝗮𝗻𝗴𝘂𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝗜. 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝗦𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗹𝘆 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗬𝗼𝘂𝗻𝗴 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗼𝘀𝗲𝗿: 𝟭𝟲𝟲𝟬–𝗰.𝟭𝟲𝟳𝟴 𝗔𝗹𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗿𝗼 𝗦𝗰𝗮𝗿𝗹𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗶 was born on 𝟮 𝗠𝗮𝘆…

Standing: 𝗜𝗴𝗻𝗮𝘇 𝗕𝗿𝘂𝗹𝗹, 𝗔𝗻𝘁𝗼𝗻 𝗗𝗼𝗼𝗿, 𝗝𝗼𝘀𝗲𝗳 𝗚𝗮𝗻𝘀𝗯𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗿, 𝗝𝘂𝗹𝗶𝘂𝘀 𝗘𝗽𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗶𝗻 (𝗕𝗿𝘂𝗹𝗹'𝘀 𝗽𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗼 𝘁𝗲𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗿), 𝗥𝗼𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁 𝗛𝗮𝘂𝘀𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗻. Sitting: 𝗚𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗮𝘃 𝗪𝗮𝗹𝘁𝗲𝗿, 𝗘𝗱𝘂𝗮𝗿𝗱 𝗛𝗮𝗻𝘀𝗹𝗶𝗰𝗸, 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝘀 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝗵𝗺𝘀. 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗔𝗠𝗢𝗡𝗚 𝗛𝗜𝗦 𝗩𝗜𝗘𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦𝗘 𝗖𝗜𝗥𝗖𝗟𝗘 𝗔 𝗣𝗢𝗥𝗧𝗥𝗔𝗜𝗧 𝗢𝗙 𝗙𝗥𝗜𝗘𝗡𝗗𝗦𝗛𝗜𝗣, 𝗖𝗥𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗦𝗠, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗖𝗟𝗔𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗟 𝗜𝗗𝗘𝗔𝗟𝗦…

𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘇𝘁: 𝗣𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗼 𝗦𝗼𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗶𝗻 𝗕 𝗺𝗶𝗻𝗼𝗿, 𝗦.𝟭𝟳𝟴 - 𝗔𝗹𝗳𝗿𝗲𝗱 𝗕𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗹 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZfsY7shQNos 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘇𝘁: 𝗣𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗼 𝗦𝗼𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗶𝗻 𝗕 𝗺𝗶𝗻𝗼𝗿, 𝗦.𝟭𝟳𝟴 — 𝗛𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝘆 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗼𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 Franz Liszt’s 𝗣𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗼 𝗦𝗼𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗶𝗻 𝗕 𝗺𝗶𝗻𝗼𝗿, 𝗦.𝟭𝟳𝟴 stands as one…

𝐇𝐞𝐧𝐫𝐲 𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐥𝐞𝐬 𝐋𝐢𝐭𝐨𝐥𝐟𝐟: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐅𝐨𝐫𝐠𝐨𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐧 𝐕𝐢𝐫𝐭𝐮𝐨𝐬𝐨 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐌𝐚𝐝𝐞 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐢𝐚𝐧𝐨 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐨 𝐁𝐮𝐫𝐧 𝐖𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐎𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐞 There are composers who survive in history through a vast catalogue, and there are others whose fame contracts over…

**𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗜𝗡 𝗦𝗪𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗗’𝗦 𝗕𝗜𝗢𝗚𝗥𝗔𝗣𝗛𝗬 - 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝟭𝟲 — 𝗠𝗼𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗼𝘂𝘀 𝗠𝗮𝗻𝘆 𝗡𝗼𝘁𝗲𝘀: 𝗠𝗼𝘇𝗮𝗿𝘁, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗔𝗯𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗶𝗿𝘀𝘁 𝗚𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁 𝗩𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗻𝗲𝘀𝗲 𝗧𝗿𝗶𝘂𝗺𝗽𝗵** **𝗜. 𝗔 𝗡𝗲𝘄 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗷𝗲𝗰𝘁, 𝗔 𝗡𝗲𝘄 𝗠𝗼𝘇𝗮𝗿𝘁** Swafford begins this chapter with a striking…

𝐀𝐑𝐂𝐀𝐍𝐆𝐄𝐋𝐎 𝐂𝐎𝐑𝐄𝐋𝐋𝐈 (𝟏𝟔𝟓𝟑–𝟏𝟕𝟏𝟑): 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Arcangelo Corelli (1653–1713) was born on 17 February 1653 in Fusignano, in the Papal States, and died on 8 January 1713 in…

# **Luciano Pavarotti — A Life (II)** ## **Global Stardom and the Reign of the Tenor (1966–1985)** **Luciano Pavarotti** The period between **1966 and 1985** marks the true ascent of Luciano Pavarotti from an…

# **ARIA AND SONG (I) - (Book: **Mozart, His Character, His Work by Alfred Einstein**)** In this chapter—which is something like an **intermezzo**—we approach the final part of our investigation, the chapter devoted to…

# **CHURCH MUSIC (V)** **(Book: **Mozart, His Character, His Work by Alfred Einstein**)** ## The C-minor Mass in Context: Between Bach and Beethoven It has been said—entirely rightly—that this unfinished Mass stands **midway between…

# **Ingrid Haebler — A Life in 20 Chapters** Below is an **expanded, narrative biography in 20 chapters**, written in a **classical, unschematic tone**, aiming to capture **the full artistic and human profile** of…

# **Vieuxtemps - Cello Concertos - Heinrich Schiff - Neville Marriner ** [[https://www.patreon.com/posts/vieuxtemps-cello-147550012?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link](https://www.patreon.com/posts/vieuxtemps-cello-147550012?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link)](https://www.patreon.com/posts/vieuxtemps-cello-147550012?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link) Henri Vieuxtemps is remembered above all as a towering violin virtuoso and composer, yet his contribution to the cello repertoire—though limited…

# **Handel - Floridante - Nicholas McGegan ** [https://www.patreon.com/posts/handel-nicholas-146975656?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link](https://www.patreon.com/posts/handel-nicholas-146975656?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link) **Floridante** was composed by **George Frideric Handel** in **1721** and premiered on **9 December 1721** at the **King’s Theatre, Haymarket**, London. It belongs to a…

# **Offenbach - La Périchole - Alain Lombard ** [https://www.patreon.com/posts/offenbach-la-146648113?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link](https://www.patreon.com/posts/offenbach-la-146648113?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link) **Jacques Offenbach – *****La Périchole*** *(1868, revised version 1874)* **Jacques Offenbach**’s *La Périchole* is one of his most subtle, humane, and emotionally ambivalent stage…

# **Mozart and the Musicians: Orchestras, Opera Singers, and the Reality Behind the Genius** Mozart’s relationship with **orchestral musicians and opera singers** was complex, deeply human, and often misunderstood. Far from being a distant…

# **Handel - Arminio - Laurence Cummings ** [https://www.patreon.com/posts/handel-arminio-145843802?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link](https://www.patreon.com/posts/handel-arminio-145843802?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link) *Arminio* was composed in **1736–1737**, during one of the most difficult and unstable phases of **Handel’s London career**. Italian opera was rapidly losing its dominant…