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**Group Notice — About This Community** This group is connected to an **independent, long-term research project** dedicated to the history of classical music: [https://classicalarchive.org](https://classicalarchive.org) The website brings together **long-form texts, structured biographies, documentary material,…

**Group Notice — About This Community** This group is connected to an **independent, long-term research project** dedicated to the history of classical music: [https://classicalarchive.org](https://classicalarchive.org) The website brings together **long-form texts, structured biographies, documentary material,…

**Group Notice — About This Community** This group is connected to an **independent, long-term research project** dedicated to the history of classical music: [https://classicalarchive.org](https://classicalarchive.org) The website brings together **long-form texts, structured biographies, documentary material,…

**Group Notice — About This Community** This group is connected to an **independent, long-term research project** dedicated to the history of classical music: [https://classicalarchive.org](https://classicalarchive.org) The website brings together **long-form texts, structured biographies, documentary material,…

**Group Notice — About This Community** This group is connected to an **independent, long-term research project** dedicated to the history of classical music: [https://classicalarchive.org](https://classicalarchive.org) The website brings together **long-form texts, structured biographies, documentary material,…

# **Group Notice — About This Community** This group is connected to an **independent, long-term research project** dedicated to the history of classical music: [https://classicalarchive.org](https://classicalarchive.org) The website brings together **long-form texts, structured biographies, documentary…

# **Joseph Haydn - Complete Symphonies - Adam Fischer ** [[https://www.patreon.com/posts/joseph-haydn-148481061?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link](https://www.patreon.com/posts/joseph-haydn-148481061?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link)](https://www.patreon.com/posts/joseph-haydn-148481061?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link) * Symphony #1 in D Major, Hob. I:1 (1759) * Symphony #2 in C Major, Hob. I:2 (1764) * Symphony #3 in G…

# **Toscanini, Arturo**. (1867–1957) & **Walter, Bruno**. (1876–1962) & **Zweig, Stefan**. (1881–1942)

# **The Art and Orchestral Conducting Style of Wilhelm Furtwängler** Wilhelm Furtwängler stands as one of the most **profound, controversial, and spiritually ambitious conductors** in the history of orchestral performance. His art cannot be…

# **The Art and Orchestral Conducting Style of Otto Klemperer** Otto Klemperer represents one of the most **radical, uncompromising, and intellectually grounded conceptions of orchestral conducting** in the twentieth century. His art was never…

# **Apostolo Zeno (1668–1750)** *Life, Intellectual World, and Operatic Libretti* **Apostolo Zeno** occupies a crucial but often underestimated position in the history of Baroque opera. Standing between the exuberant theatrical freedom of the 17th…

# **George Frideric Handel and Charles Jennens** *A Relationship of Genius, Conflict, Faith, and Creative Tension* The collaboration between **George Frideric Handel** and **Charles Jennens** stands as one of the most consequential—and most strained—composer–librettist…

Paolo Antonio Rolli (1687-1765), 18th-century Italian poet and opera librettist

Charles Jennens (1700–November 20, 1773): English patron of the arts and landowner. A friend of George Frideric Handel, with whom he collaborated on the librettos of several of his oratorios, especially Messiah .

Thomas Morell (1703-1784), English librettist

Apostolo Zeno

Pietro Metastasio

Giovanni Domenico Lalli 1679–1741 Key figure of Neapolitan and Venetian opera. Major works: Orlando furioso — Antonio Vivaldi L’incoronazione di Dario — Vivaldi Catone in Utica — Leonardo Vinci

Carlo Goldoni 1707–1793 A bridge between Baroque and Classical opera; reformer of comic drama. Major works: Il mondo della luna — Baldassare Galuppi; Joseph Haydn Il filosofo di campagna — Galuppi La buona figliuola…

17th century portrait of Giovanni Francesco Busenello reproduced in La vita veneziana nelle opere di Gian Francesco Busenello published by V. Callegari, Venice 1913. Source: La vita veneziana nelle opere di Gian Francesco Busenello…

Apostolo Zeno (1668 - 1750)

Lorenzo da Ponte (1749-1838)

Pietro Metastasio (1698-1782)