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𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘇 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘇𝘁 - 𝗛𝘂𝗻𝗴𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗥𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘀𝗼𝗱𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝟭-𝟭𝟬 (𝟭𝟴𝟰𝟲-𝟱𝟯) [𝗥𝗼𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗼 𝗦𝘇𝗶𝗱𝗼𝗻] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R1uIE_LRx7M 𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘇 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘇𝘁’𝘀 𝗛𝘂𝗻𝗴𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗥𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘀𝗼𝗱𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗡𝗼𝘀. 𝟭–𝟭𝟬 belong to one of the most important and characteristic chapters in his entire piano output. Written principally between…

𝐇𝐞𝐫𝐛𝐞𝐫𝐭 𝐯𝐨𝐧 𝐊𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐣𝐚𝐧 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐖𝐨𝐫𝐥𝐝 𝐨𝐟 𝐌𝐨𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐬 Herbert von Karajan’s love of the motor world was not a superficial hobby, nor merely the predictable extravagance of a wealthy celebrity. It formed part of…

𝐉𝐮𝐥𝐢𝐮𝐬 𝐊𝐚𝐭𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐧: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐓𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝐎𝐟 𝐁𝐫𝐚𝐡𝐦𝐬 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐔𝐧𝐢𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐕𝐢𝐫𝐭𝐮𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐲, 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞, 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐞 There are pianists whose greatness rests on elegance, others on poetry, others on sheer force, and a very rare few whose art…

𝐊𝐫𝐲𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐚𝐧 𝐙𝐢𝐦𝐞𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐧: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐢𝐠𝐧 𝐎𝐟 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐢𝐚𝐧𝐨 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐏𝐞𝐫𝐟𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧, 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐬𝐜𝐢𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞, 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐋𝐞𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐝 There are pianists whose greatness lies in brilliance, others in poetry, and a very rare few whose art seems…

𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗵𝗲𝗹𝗺 𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗵𝗮𝘂𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝟭𝟵𝟬𝟳 – 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝗔𝗽𝗲𝘅 𝗼𝗳 𝗮 𝗬𝗼𝘂𝗻𝗴 𝗩𝗶𝗿𝘁𝘂𝗼𝘀𝗼 𝟭. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗬𝗲𝗮𝗿 𝗼𝗳 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗱𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 By 1907, Wilhelm Backhaus (born in Leipzig in 1884) was no longer the prodigious child who…

𝐇𝐞𝐧𝐫𝐲 𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐥𝐞𝐬 𝐋𝐢𝐭𝐨𝐥𝐟𝐟: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐅𝐨𝐫𝐠𝐨𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐧 𝐕𝐢𝐫𝐭𝐮𝐨𝐬𝐨 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐌𝐚𝐝𝐞 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐢𝐚𝐧𝐨 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐨 𝐁𝐮𝐫𝐧 𝐖𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐎𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐞 There are composers who survive in history through a vast catalogue, and there are others whose fame contracts over…

𝐄𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐡 𝐖𝐨𝐥𝐟𝐠𝐚𝐧𝐠 𝐊𝐨𝐫𝐧𝐠𝐨𝐥𝐝: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐝𝐢𝐠𝐲 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐂𝐚𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐝 𝐕𝐢𝐞𝐧𝐧𝐚 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐇𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐲𝐰𝐨𝐨𝐝 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐋𝐲𝐫𝐢𝐜 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐞 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐋𝐞𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐝 There are composers whose lives unfold within a single world, and there are others whose destiny seems split…

𝐄𝐮𝐠𝐞𝐧 𝐝’𝐀𝐥𝐛𝐞𝐫𝐭: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐂𝐨𝐬𝐦𝐨𝐩𝐨𝐥𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝐓𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐕𝐢𝐫𝐭𝐮𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐞 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐎𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐚 There are pianist-composers whose lives seem divided between the keyboard and the score, and then there are rarer figures whose whole existence…

𝗖𝗵𝗼𝗽𝗶𝗻 - 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲𝘁𝗲 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀 - 𝗔𝘂𝗱𝗶𝗼 𝗥𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗿𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝗣𝗮𝘁𝗿𝗲𝗼𝗻: https://www.patreon.com/collection/2091104 𝗖𝗛𝗢𝗣𝗜𝗡: 𝗖𝗢𝗠𝗣𝗟𝗘𝗧𝗘 𝗪𝗢𝗥𝗞𝗦 𝗕𝗬 𝗖𝗔𝗧𝗘𝗚𝗢𝗥𝗬 𝗕𝗔𝗟𝗟𝗔𝗗𝗘𝗦 Ballade No. 1 in G minor, Op. 23 Ballade No. 2 in F major / A minor, Op.…

**𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗜𝗡 𝗦𝗪𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗗’𝗦 𝗕𝗜𝗢𝗚𝗥𝗔𝗣𝗛𝗬 - 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝟭𝟲 — 𝗠𝗼𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗼𝘂𝘀 𝗠𝗮𝗻𝘆 𝗡𝗼𝘁𝗲𝘀: 𝗠𝗼𝘇𝗮𝗿𝘁, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗔𝗯𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗶𝗿𝘀𝘁 𝗚𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁 𝗩𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗻𝗲𝘀𝗲 𝗧𝗿𝗶𝘂𝗺𝗽𝗵** **𝗜. 𝗔 𝗡𝗲𝘄 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗷𝗲𝗰𝘁, 𝗔 𝗡𝗲𝘄 𝗠𝗼𝘇𝗮𝗿𝘁** Swafford begins this chapter with a striking…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗠𝗢𝗨𝗡𝗧𝗔𝗜𝗡 𝗢𝗙 𝗦𝗔𝗖𝗥𝗘𝗗 𝗗𝗥𝗔𝗠𝗔: 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛’𝗦 𝗦𝗧. 𝗠𝗔𝗧𝗧𝗛𝗘𝗪 𝗣𝗔𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗢𝗡 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗕𝗜𝗥𝗧𝗛 𝗢𝗙 𝗔 𝗦𝗣𝗜𝗥𝗜𝗧𝗨𝗔𝗟 𝗨𝗡𝗜𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗦𝗘 𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗵 - 𝗠𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗵𝗮𝘂𝘀 𝗣𝗮𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻 - 𝗔𝘂𝗱𝗶𝗼 𝗥𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗿𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝗣𝗮𝘁𝗿𝗲𝗼𝗻: https://www.patreon.com/collection/2089323 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻 𝗦𝗲𝗯𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗵’𝘀 𝗦𝘁. 𝗠𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗵𝗲𝘄 𝗣𝗮𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻 — 𝗠𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗵ä𝘂𝘀-𝗣𝗮𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻,…

𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗗𝘂𝗲𝗹 𝗼𝗳 𝗚𝗶𝗮𝗻𝘁𝘀: 𝗣𝗼𝗿𝗽𝗼𝗿𝗮 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗛𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗹 𝗶𝗻 𝗟𝗼𝗻𝗱𝗼𝗻 𝗟𝗼𝗻𝗱𝗼𝗻 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝟭𝟳𝟯𝟬𝘀: 𝗔𝗻 𝗢𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗰 𝗕𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗻𝗱 𝗜. 𝗔 𝗖𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗧𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗧𝘂𝗿𝗻𝗲𝗱 𝗢𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮 𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗼 𝗪𝗮𝗿 London in the 1730s was not merely a great musical…

𝐃𝐚𝐯𝐢𝐝 𝐎𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐤𝐡: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐆𝐨𝐥𝐝𝐞𝐧 𝐒𝐨𝐮𝐥 𝐎𝐟 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐕𝐢𝐨𝐥𝐢𝐧 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐍𝐨𝐛𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐞 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐋𝐞𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐝 There are violinists whose fame rests on brilliance, others on beauty of tone, and a very rare few whose…

𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗼 𝗚𝗲𝗺𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗶: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗩𝗶𝗿𝘁𝘂𝗼𝘀𝗼 𝗪𝗵𝗼 𝗧𝘂𝗿𝗻𝗲𝗱 𝗜𝘁𝗮𝗹𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗩𝗶𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗻 𝗔𝗿𝘁 𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗼 𝗮 𝗘𝘂𝗿𝗼𝗽𝗲𝗮𝗻 𝗟𝗮𝗻𝗴𝘂𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗼 𝗚𝗲𝗺𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗶 (1687–1762) was an Italian Baroque composer, violin virtuoso, and influential music theorist, and he stands among the most important…

𝗚𝗶𝘂𝘀𝗲𝗽𝗽𝗲 𝗧𝗼𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗘𝗮𝗿𝗹𝘆 𝗠𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗪𝗵𝗼 𝗦𝗵𝗮𝗽𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗕𝗮𝗿𝗼𝗾𝘂𝗲 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗼 𝗚𝗶𝘂𝘀𝗲𝗽𝗽𝗲 𝗧𝗼𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶 (1658–1709) was an Italian Baroque composer and violinist who played 𝗮 𝗰𝗿𝘂𝗰𝗶𝗮𝗹 𝗿𝗼𝗹𝗲 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗱𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗹𝗼𝗽𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗼. Born in 𝗩𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻𝗮…

𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗧𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗳𝗿𝗼𝗺 𝗕𝗮𝗿𝗼𝗾𝘂𝗲 𝘁𝗼 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗶𝘀𝗺 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗹 𝗱𝗿𝗶𝘃𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗼𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘄𝗵𝘆 The passage from the Baroque world to the Classical one was not a sudden revolution that happened in a single year, nor…

𝐊𝐚𝐫𝐥 𝐑𝐢𝐜𝐡𝐭𝐞𝐫: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐁𝐚𝐜𝐡 𝐓𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐅𝐚𝐢𝐭𝐡, 𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐢𝐩𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐞, 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐞 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐒𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 There are musicians whose reputations rest on fashion, and others whose names remain inseparable from an entire repertory because they seemed…

𝐀𝐧𝐭𝐨𝐧 𝐑𝐮𝐛𝐢𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐢𝐧: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐓𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝐎𝐟 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐢𝐚𝐧𝐨 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐁𝐮𝐢𝐥𝐭 𝐑𝐮𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐚𝐧 𝐌𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐜 𝐖𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐞, 𝐏𝐫𝐢𝐝𝐞, 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐦 There are musicians whose fame rests on one supreme gift, and then there are those rarer figures whose…

𝗛𝗮𝗻𝘀 𝗞𝗻𝗮𝗽𝗽𝗲𝗿𝘁𝘀𝗯𝘂𝘀𝗰𝗵: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗠𝗼𝘀𝘁 𝗡𝗼𝘁𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲 𝗥𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗿𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴𝘀, 𝗢𝗻𝗲 𝗯𝘆 𝗢𝗻𝗲 Hans Knappertsbusch is not a conductor whose legacy is best understood through neat completeness. His recorded reputation rests above all on a relatively small number…

𝐋𝐞𝐨𝐩𝐨𝐥𝐝 𝐋𝐮𝐝𝐰𝐢𝐠: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐃𝐢𝐠𝐧𝐢𝐟𝐢𝐞𝐝 𝐌𝐚𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐨 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐊𝐞𝐩𝐭 𝐆𝐞𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐧 𝐎𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐚 𝐀𝐥𝐢𝐯𝐞 𝐖𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐒𝐭𝐞𝐞𝐥, 𝐒𝐭𝐲𝐥𝐞, 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐇𝐮𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐢𝐭𝐲 There are conductors whose names survive because of scandal, glamour, or sheer tyranny, and there are others whose greatness…

**𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗜𝗡 𝗦𝗪𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗗’𝗦 𝗕𝗜𝗢𝗚𝗥𝗔𝗣𝗛𝗬 - Chapter 13 — A Scoundrel, a Lousy Rogue** ## **I. Return to Salzburg (1779): Comfort Without Freedom** When Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart returned to Salzburg in **January 1779**, the outward…

𝗛𝗮𝗿𝘃𝗲𝘆 𝗦𝗮𝗰𝗵𝘀'𝘀 𝗯𝗶𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗽𝗵𝘆, 𝗧𝗼𝘀𝗰𝗮𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗶: 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲 Critics have lauded the work for its meticulous research and engaging narrative. In summary, Toscanini: Musician of Conscience is widely recognized as a definitive biography that offers…

𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁 𝘃𝗼𝗻 𝗞𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗷𝗮𝗻: 𝗔 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗶𝗻 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰 𝗯𝘆 𝗥𝗶𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗱 𝗢𝘀𝗯𝗼𝗿𝗻𝗲 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 Richard Osborne's Herbert von Karajan: A Life in Music is a comprehensive biography that delves into the life, career, and legacy of one…

𝗕𝗿𝘂𝗻𝗼 𝗪𝗮𝗹𝘁𝗲𝗿: 𝗔 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗹𝗱 𝗘𝗹𝘀𝗲𝘄𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗲 𝗯𝘆 𝗘𝗿𝗶𝗸 𝗥𝘆𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗥𝗲𝗯𝗲𝗰𝗰𝗮 𝗣𝗲𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗳𝘀𝗸𝘆 𝗔 𝗗𝗲𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗱 𝗦𝘂𝗺𝗺𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗖𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗥𝗲𝗰𝗲𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗲𝘅𝘁 Bruno Walter: A World Elsewhere offers a comprehensive biography of Bruno Walter, one of…