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𝐆𝐞𝐨𝐫𝐠𝐞 𝐒𝐳𝐞𝐥𝐥 𝐢𝐧 𝐁𝐞𝐞𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐧: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐢𝐧𝐞 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐡𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐞𝐬, 𝐎𝐧𝐞 𝐛𝐲 𝐎𝐧𝐞 George Szell’s Beethoven cycle with The Cleveland Orchestra has long been regarded as one of the great Beethoven traversals on disc. Critics have repeatedly…

𝐌𝐚𝐡𝐥𝐞𝐫 – 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐡𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝟏 𝐭𝐨 𝟏𝟎 – 𝐁𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐇𝐚𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐤 – 𝐋𝐏 𝐎𝐑𝐈𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐀𝐋 https://www.patreon.com/posts/mahler-1-to-10-137376934?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link 𝐁𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐇𝐚𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐤 𝐢𝐧 𝐌𝐚𝐡𝐥𝐞𝐫: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐡𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐞𝐬, 𝐎𝐧𝐞 𝐛𝐲 𝐎𝐧𝐞 Bernard Haitink’s Mahler is one of the central recorded monuments in the…

𝐅𝐑𝐀𝐍𝐂̧𝐎𝐈𝐒 𝐂𝐎𝐔𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐈𝐍 (𝟏𝟔𝟔𝟖–𝟏𝟕𝟑𝟑): 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 François Couperin (1668–1733), later called “le Grand,” was born in Paris on 10 November 1668 and died there on 11 September 1733.…

𝐂𝐀𝐌𝐈𝐋𝐋𝐄 𝐒𝐀𝐈𝐍𝐓-𝐒𝐀𝐄̈𝐍𝐒 (𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟓–𝟏𝟗𝟐𝟏): 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Camille Saint-Saëns (1835–1921) is often remembered as the supreme French classicist of the later nineteenth century: elegant, lucid, disciplined, cultivated, brilliant, and…

𝐅𝐑𝐄𝐃𝐄́𝐑𝐈𝐂 𝐂𝐇𝐎𝐏𝐈𝐍 (𝟏𝟖𝟏𝟎–𝟏𝟖𝟒𝟗): 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Frédéric Chopin (1810–1849) is often imagined as the supreme poet of the piano: aristocratic, fragile, refined, inward, and almost detached from the…

𝐅𝐄𝐋𝐈𝐗 𝐌𝐄𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐋𝐒𝐒𝐎𝐇𝐍: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Felix Mendelssohn lived a life that seemed outwardly orderly, brilliant, elegant, and successful. Yet beneath that polished surface lay a series of deep…

𝐆𝐔𝐍𝐃𝐔𝐋𝐀 𝐉𝐀𝐍𝐎𝐖𝐈𝐓𝐙: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐒𝐈𝐋𝐕𝐄𝐑-𝐆𝐎𝐋𝐃 𝐕𝐎𝐈𝐂𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐌𝐎𝐙𝐀𝐑𝐓, 𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐔𝐒𝐒, 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐏𝐔𝐑𝐄𝐒𝐓 𝐋𝐘𝐑𝐈𝐂 𝐈𝐃𝐄𝐀𝐋 𝐎𝐅 𝐏𝐎𝐒𝐓𝐖𝐀𝐑 𝐄𝐔𝐑𝐎𝐏𝐄 Gundula Janowitz belongs to that very rare group of sopranos whose voices seem to exist almost beyond ordinary…

# **𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗜𝗡 𝗦𝗪𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗗’𝗦 𝗕𝗜𝗢𝗚𝗥𝗔𝗣𝗛𝗬 - Chapter 7 — *****Exsultate, Jubilate*** **1) Salzburg Again: Return, Frustration, and the Sense of Confinement** When **Leopold and Wolfgang returned to Salzburg on 28 March 1771**, the city…

𝐌𝐨𝐳𝐚𝐫𝐭 - 𝐋𝐚 𝐜𝐥𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐳𝐚 𝐝𝐢 𝐓𝐢𝐭𝐨 - 𝐏𝐞𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐫𝐞𝐢𝐞𝐫 · 𝐉𝐮𝐥𝐢𝐚 𝐕𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐝𝐲 · 𝐄𝐝𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐌𝐚𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐬 - 𝐓𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐚 𝐁𝐞𝐫𝐠𝐚𝐧𝐳𝐚 · 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐚 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐢𝐦𝐥 · 𝐓𝐡𝐞𝐨 𝐀𝐝𝐚𝐦 - 𝐑𝐮𝐧𝐝𝐟𝐮𝐧𝐤𝐜𝐡𝐨𝐫 𝐋𝐞𝐢𝐩𝐳𝐢𝐠 - 𝐒𝐭𝐚𝐚𝐭𝐬𝐤𝐚𝐩𝐞𝐥𝐥𝐞 𝐃𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐝𝐞𝐧 - 𝐊𝐚𝐫𝐥 𝐁𝐨𝐡𝐦 https://www.patreon.com/posts/mozart-la-di-152587249?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link…

𝐌𝐨𝐳𝐚𝐫𝐭 - 𝐈𝐝𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐨 - 𝐊𝐚𝐫𝐥 𝐁𝐨𝐡𝐦 - 𝐖𝐢𝐞𝐬𝐥𝐚𝐰 𝐎𝐜𝐡𝐦𝐚𝐧 / 𝐏𝐞𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐫𝐞𝐢𝐞𝐫 / 𝐄𝐝𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐌𝐚𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐬 / 𝐈𝐮𝐥𝐢𝐚 𝐕á𝐫𝐚𝐝𝐲 / 𝐇𝐞𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐧 𝐖𝐢𝐧𝐤𝐥𝐞𝐫 / 𝐄𝐛𝐞𝐫𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐁ü𝐜𝐡𝐧𝐞𝐫 / 𝐒𝐢𝐞𝐠𝐟𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐝 𝐕𝐨𝐠𝐞𝐥 / 𝐑𝐮𝐧𝐝𝐟𝐮𝐧𝐤𝐜𝐡𝐨𝐫 𝐋𝐞𝐢𝐩𝐳𝐢𝐠 / 𝐒𝐭𝐚𝐚𝐭𝐬𝐤𝐚𝐩𝐞𝐥𝐥𝐞 𝐃𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐝𝐞𝐧 https://www.patreon.com/posts/mozart-idomeneo-152586801?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link…

𝐌𝐨𝐳𝐚𝐫𝐭 - 𝐃𝐨𝐧 𝐆𝐢𝐨𝐯𝐚𝐧𝐧𝐢 - 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐦𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐚 𝐂𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐮𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐎𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐚, 𝐂𝐚𝐫𝐥𝐨 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐚 𝐆𝐢𝐮𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐢 - [𝐃𝐨𝐧𝐧𝐚 𝐀𝐧𝐧𝐚] – 𝐉𝐨𝐚𝐧 𝐒𝐮𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐝 - [𝐃𝐨𝐧𝐧𝐚 𝐄𝐥𝐯𝐢𝐫𝐚] – 𝐄𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐚𝐛𝐞𝐭𝐡 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐰𝐚𝐫𝐳𝐤𝐨𝐩𝐟 - [𝐙𝐞𝐫𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐚] – 𝐆𝐫𝐚𝐳𝐢𝐞𝐥𝐥𝐚 𝐒𝐜𝐢𝐮𝐭𝐭𝐢 - [𝐃𝐨𝐧 𝐎𝐭𝐭𝐚𝐯𝐢𝐨] – 𝐋𝐮𝐢𝐠𝐢…

𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐋 𝐕𝐎𝐍 𝐒𝐀𝐔𝐄𝐑 (𝟏𝟖𝟔𝟐–𝟏𝟗𝟒𝟐) A Rigorous Essay on His Life and Professional Activity 𝐈. 𝐎𝐫𝐢𝐠𝐢𝐧𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐄𝐚𝐫𝐥𝐲 𝐅𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 (𝟏𝟖𝟔𝟐–𝟏𝟖𝟖𝟏) Emil von Sauer was born on October 8, 1862, in Hamburg, Germany. He grew up…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗔𝗥𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗢𝗖𝗥𝗔𝗧 𝗢𝗙 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗩𝗜𝗢𝗟𝗜𝗡 — 𝗛𝗢𝗪 𝗡𝗔𝗧𝗛𝗔𝗡 𝗠𝗜𝗟𝗦𝗧𝗘𝗜𝗡 𝗔𝗖𝗛𝗜𝗘𝗩𝗘𝗗 𝗣𝗘𝗥𝗙𝗘𝗖𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 𝗧𝗛𝗥𝗢𝗨𝗚𝗛 𝗣𝗨𝗥𝗘 𝗧𝗘𝗖𝗛𝗡𝗜𝗤𝗨𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗜𝗡𝗧𝗘𝗟𝗟𝗜𝗚𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗜. 𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗠𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗩𝗘 𝗬𝗘𝗔𝗥𝗦 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗘𝗔𝗖𝗛𝗘𝗥𝗦 Nathan Milstein (1904–1992) emerged from the extraordinarily fertile musical environment of the late…

**Karl Böhm** (August 28, 1894 – August 14, 1981) was one of the most influential Austrian conductors of the 20th century, especially revered for his interpretations of Mozart, Richard Strauss, Beethoven, and Brahms. Born…

# **DIVERTIMENTO, CASSATION, SERENADE - (Book: **Mozart, His Character, His Work by Alfred Einstein**)** Mozart was born into an age when **the sharp boundaries** that later (by around **1800**) separated **chamber from symphonic**, **theatrical…

# **Beethoven, The Universal Composer – Edmund Morris ** **Complete Book: ** [https://classicalarchive.org/beethoven-the-universal-composer-edmund-morris/](https://classicalarchive.org/beethoven-the-universal-composer-edmund-morris/)** ** **Publication history** * **First edition (hardcover):** **2005**, published in the United States by **HarperCollins / Atlas Books** * **Paperback edition:**…

# **Ingrid Haebler — A Life in 20 Chapters** Below is an **expanded, narrative biography in 20 chapters**, written in a **classical, unschematic tone**, aiming to capture **the full artistic and human profile** of…

# **Haydn - Cello Concertos - Lynn Harrell - ASMF - Neville Marriner ** [https://www.patreon.com/posts/haydn-cello-lynn-147454847?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link](https://www.patreon.com/posts/haydn-cello-lynn-147454847?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link) Joseph Haydn composed **two authentic cello concertos** that stand today among the **cornerstones of the Classical cello repertoire**. For…

# **Haydn - Symphonies Nos. 74 - 75 - 76 - Cologne Chamber Orchestra - Helmut Müller-Brühl ** [https://www.patreon.com/posts/haydn-symphonies-146635629?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link](https://www.patreon.com/posts/haydn-symphonies-146635629?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link) ## **Symphony No. 74 in E-flat major, Hob. I:74 (c. 1781)** **Grace, balance, and controlled…

# **Haydn - Symphonies Nos. 64 - 84 - 90 - Nikolaus Esterhazy Sinfonia - Bela Drahos ** [https://www.patreon.com/posts/haydn-symphonies-146634816?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link](https://www.patreon.com/posts/haydn-symphonies-146634816?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link) **Symphony No. 64 in A major, Hob. I:64 (c. 1775)** **A work at the edge…

# **Haydn - Symphonies Nos. 54 - 56 - 57 - Cologne Chamber Orchestra - Helmut Müller-Brühl ** [https://www.patreon.com/posts/haydn-symphonies-146487781?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link](https://www.patreon.com/posts/haydn-symphonies-146487781?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link) **Joseph Haydn — Symphonies Nos. 54, 56, and 57 (c. 1774)** These three symphonies belong…

# **Haydn - Symphonies Nos. 53 - 86 - 87 - Nikolaus Esterhazy Sinfonia - Bela Drahos ** [https://www.patreon.com/posts/haydn-symphonies-146341963?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link](https://www.patreon.com/posts/haydn-symphonies-146341963?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link) ## **Symphony No. 53 in D major, Hob. I:53 “L’Impériale” (c. 1780–1782)** Symphony No. 53…

# **Mendelssohn - Octet, Op. 20 - Eroica Quartet: How could someone so young have written something so perfect?** [https://www.patreon.com/posts/mendelssohn-op-145087239?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link](https://www.patreon.com/posts/mendelssohn-op-145087239?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link)** ** **A Miracle of Youth, a Blueprint for Romantic Chamber Music, and One of…

# **NIKOLAUS HARNONCOURT AND THE SYMPHONIES OF HAYDN** *A Full Narrative Analysis, Including the Paris Symphonies (Concentus Musicus) and the London Symphonies (Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra)* To speak about **Haydn under Nikolaus Harnoncourt** is to…