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𝗖𝗔𝗥𝗟𝗢 𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗚𝗢𝗡𝗭𝗜: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗩𝗢𝗜𝗖𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗗𝗜 𝗔 𝗕𝗶𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗽𝗵𝘆 𝗶𝗻 20 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀 𝗪𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗲𝘀, 𝗖𝘂𝗿𝗶𝗼𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗔𝗻𝗲𝗰𝗱𝗼𝘁𝗲𝘀 1. 𝗕𝗶𝗿𝘁𝗵 𝗶𝗻 𝗩𝗲𝗿𝗱𝗶 𝗖𝗼𝘂𝗻𝘁𝗿𝘆 Carlo Bergonzi was born on 13 July 1924 in Vidalenzo, near Parma, in…

𝗠𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗹𝘀𝘀𝗼𝗵𝗻 & 𝗗𝘃𝗼𝗿𝗮𝗸 - Violin Concertos - 𝗡𝗮𝘁𝗵𝗮𝗻 𝗠𝗶𝗹𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗶𝗻 https://youtu.be/xH9Kb_MQMvc?si=xJRAJq-v51HYfNwE 𝗠𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗹𝘀𝘀𝗼𝗵𝗻: Violin Concerto in E minor, Op. 64 𝗡𝗮𝘁𝗵𝗮𝗻 𝗠𝗶𝗹𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗶𝗻 (violin) 𝗦𝘄𝗶𝘀𝘀 𝗙𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗮𝗹 𝗢𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮, 𝗜𝗴𝗼𝗿 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗸𝗲𝘃𝗶𝘁𝗰𝗵 𝗗𝘃𝗼𝗿𝗮𝗸: Violin Concerto in A minor, Op. 53…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗗𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗛 𝗢𝗙 𝗙𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗬 𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗗𝗘𝗟𝗦𝗦𝗢𝗛𝗡 — 𝗔 𝗖𝗢𝗠𝗣𝗟𝗘𝗧𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗔𝗟𝗬𝗦𝗜𝗦 𝗜. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗶𝘁𝘀𝗲𝗹𝗳: 𝗮 𝘀𝘂𝗱𝗱𝗲𝗻 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘀𝗵𝗼𝗰𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗱𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗵 The death of 𝗙𝗮𝗻𝗻𝘆 𝗠𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗹𝘀𝘀𝗼𝗵𝗻 𝗛𝗲𝗻𝘀𝗲𝗹 on 𝗠𝗮𝘆 𝟭𝟰, 𝟭𝟴𝟰𝟳, in 𝗕𝗲𝗿𝗹𝗶𝗻, was one of the…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗗𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗛 𝗢𝗙 𝗙𝗘𝗟𝗜𝗫 𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗗𝗘𝗟𝗦𝗦𝗢𝗛𝗡 — 𝗔 𝗖𝗢𝗠𝗣𝗟𝗘𝗧𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗔𝗟𝗬𝗦𝗜𝗦 𝗜. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗹𝗼𝗻𝗴 𝘀𝗵𝗮𝗱𝗼𝘄 𝗯𝗲𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗲𝗻𝗱 The death of 𝗙𝗲𝗹𝗶𝘅 𝗠𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗹𝘀𝘀𝗼𝗵𝗻 on 𝗡𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗿 𝟰, 𝟭𝟴𝟰𝟳, in 𝗟𝗲𝗶𝗽𝘇𝗶𝗴, at the age of only 𝟯𝟴, was…

𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧: 𝗗𝗢𝗡 𝗚𝗜𝗢𝗩𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗜 Complete Audio Recordings in Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/collection/2107867 There are operas that dazzle by beauty, others that impress by dramatic force, and a very small number that seem to contain 𝗮𝗻 𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗿𝗲 𝘃𝗶𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻…

𝗠𝗼𝘇𝗮𝗿𝘁 - 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗦𝘆𝗺𝗽𝗵𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝟮𝟭 𝘁𝗼 𝟰𝟭 - 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗴𝗲𝗯𝗼𝘂𝘄 𝗢𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮 - 𝗝𝗼𝘀𝗲𝗳 𝗞𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘀 https://www.patreon.com/posts/mozart-21-to-41-138352267?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link 𝗝𝗼𝘀𝗲𝗳 𝗞𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘀 occupies a very special place in the 𝗠𝗼𝘇𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗱𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘁𝘄𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘁𝗵 𝗰𝗲𝗻𝘁𝘂𝗿𝘆. He was not a “revolutionary”…

𝐇𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫 𝐁𝐞𝐫𝐥𝐢𝐨𝐳: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐅𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐡 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐡𝐞𝐭 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐎𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐞, 𝐎𝐛𝐬𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧, 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐃𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐦 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐀 𝐍𝐞𝐰 𝐌𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐔𝐧𝐢𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐞 There are composers who refine an existing language, and there are others who seem to arrive almost…

𝗩𝗲𝗿𝗱𝗶 - 𝗠𝗮𝗰𝗯𝗲𝘁𝗵 - 𝗟𝗮𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗼 𝗚𝗮𝗿𝗱𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶; 𝗟𝗦𝗢; 𝗙𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗿-𝗗𝗶𝗲𝘀𝗸𝗮𝘂, 𝗚𝗵𝗶𝗮𝘂𝗿𝗼𝘃, 𝗦𝗼𝘂𝗹𝗶𝗼𝘁𝗶𝘀, 𝗣𝗮𝘃𝗮𝗿𝗼𝘁𝘁𝗶, 𝟭𝟵𝟳𝟬 - 𝗦𝘁𝘂𝗱𝗶𝗼 𝗥𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗿𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 https://www.patreon.com/posts/verdi-macbeth-155285385?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link 𝗩𝗲𝗿𝗱𝗶’𝘀 𝗠𝗮𝗰𝗯𝗲𝘁𝗵 is a dark, violent, and psychologically intense opera based on Shakespeare’s tragedy. It tells the story…

𝐇𝐞𝐧𝐫𝐢 𝐇𝐞𝐫𝐳: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐆𝐥𝐢𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐊𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐎𝐟 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐚𝐥𝐨𝐧 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐕𝐢𝐫𝐭𝐮𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐀𝐧 𝐄𝐦𝐩𝐢𝐫𝐞 There are pianists whose fame rests on a few immortal works, and there are others whose importance lies in the…

𝐊𝐚𝐫𝐥 𝐑𝐢𝐜𝐡𝐭𝐞𝐫: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐁𝐚𝐜𝐡 𝐓𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐅𝐚𝐢𝐭𝐡, 𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐢𝐩𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐞, 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐞 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐒𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 There are musicians whose reputations rest on fashion, and others whose names remain inseparable from an entire repertory because they seemed…

𝐄𝐫𝐢𝐤 𝐒𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐞: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐜𝐜𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐜 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐡𝐞𝐭 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐈𝐫𝐨𝐧𝐲, 𝐒𝐢𝐥𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞, 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐂𝐥𝐞𝐚𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐌𝐨𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐧 𝐌𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐜 There are composers whose greatness lies in large monuments, and there are others whose influence works more strangely, more quietly,…

𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗗𝗜 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗛𝗜𝗦 𝗢𝗪𝗡 𝗢𝗣𝗘𝗥𝗔𝗦 — 𝗪𝗛𝗜𝗖𝗛 𝗢𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗗𝗜𝗗 𝗛𝗘 𝗩𝗔𝗟𝗨𝗘 𝗠𝗢𝗦𝗧? The safest answer is that 𝗩𝗲𝗿𝗱𝗶 𝗱𝗶𝗱 𝗻𝗼𝘁 𝗹𝗲𝗮𝘃𝗲 𝗮 𝘀𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗲, 𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲, 𝗼𝗻𝗰𝗲-𝗮𝗻𝗱-𝗳𝗼𝗿-𝗮𝗹𝗹 “𝗳𝗮𝘃𝗼𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗲 𝗼𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮.” His preferences changed across his career, and…

𝗔𝗻𝘁𝗼𝗻 𝗕𝗿𝘂𝗰𝗸𝗻𝗲𝗿 - 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲𝘁𝗲 𝗦𝘆𝗺𝗽𝗵𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗲𝘀 - 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗻𝗶𝘀𝗹𝗮𝘄 𝗦𝗸𝗿𝗼𝘄𝗮𝗰𝘇𝗲𝘄𝘀𝗸𝗶 https://www.patreon.com/posts/anton-bruckner-139330088?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗻𝗶𝘀𝗹𝗮𝘄 𝗦𝗸𝗿𝗼𝘄𝗮𝗰𝘇𝗲𝘄𝘀𝗸𝗶 𝗶𝗻 𝗕𝗿𝘂𝗰𝗸𝗻𝗲𝗿: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗦𝘆𝗺𝗽𝗵𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗲𝘀, 𝗢𝗻𝗲 𝗯𝘆 𝗢𝗻𝗲 Stanisław Skrowaczewski’s Bruckner cycle with the Saarbrucken Radio Symphony Orchestra is one of the most admired…

𝐊𝐚𝐫𝐥 𝐁𝐨𝐡𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐌𝐨𝐳𝐚𝐫𝐭’𝐬 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐡𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐞𝐬: 𝐀 𝐑𝐢𝐠𝐨𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐀𝐧𝐚𝐥𝐲𝐬𝐢𝐬 Karl Bohm’s Mozart symphony legacy is often discussed as if it were one homogeneous “old-style” body of recordings. It is not. The important starting point is…

𝐈𝐯𝐚́𝐧 𝐅𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐫: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐕𝐢𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝐌𝐚𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐨 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐎𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐬 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐈𝐦𝐚𝐠𝐢𝐧𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 There are conductors who impose order, and there are others who seem to reinvent what an orchestra can be. 𝐈𝐯𝐚́𝐧 𝐅𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐫 belongs…

𝐀𝐋𝐂𝐎𝐇𝐎𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐈𝐋𝐋𝐍𝐄𝐒𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐂𝐋𝐀𝐒𝐒𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂: 𝐀 𝐑𝐈𝐆𝐎𝐑𝐎𝐔𝐒 𝐄𝐒𝐒𝐀𝐘 𝐎𝐍 𝐃𝐈𝐒𝐄𝐀𝐒𝐄, 𝐃𝐄𝐂𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐄, 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐃𝐄𝐀𝐓𝐇 Alcohol has occupied a far more ambiguous place in the history of classical music than tobacco. Wine, beer, champagne, absinthe,…

𝐄𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐡 𝐊𝐥𝐞𝐢𝐛𝐞𝐫: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐀𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐜𝐫𝐚𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐞 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐀𝐠𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐬𝐭 𝐓𝐲𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐧𝐲 There are conductors whose greatness lies in sheer musical command, and there are conductors whose greatness also acquires a moral dimension because of the…

𝐊𝐀𝐑𝐋 𝐁𝐎̈𝐇𝐌 (𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟒–𝟏𝟗𝟖𝟏): 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Karl Böhm (1894–1981) was born in Graz on 28 August 1894 and died in Salzburg on 14 August 1981. He studied law…

𝐌𝐚𝐡𝐥𝐞𝐫 – 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐡𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝟏 𝐭𝐨 𝟏𝟎 – 𝐁𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐇𝐚𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐤 – 𝐋𝐏 𝐎𝐑𝐈𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐀𝐋 https://www.patreon.com/posts/mahler-1-to-10-137376934?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link 𝐁𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐇𝐚𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐤 𝐢𝐧 𝐌𝐚𝐡𝐥𝐞𝐫: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐡𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐞𝐬, 𝐎𝐧𝐞 𝐛𝐲 𝐎𝐧𝐞 Bernard Haitink’s Mahler is one of the central recorded monuments in the…

𝐉𝐄𝐀𝐍 𝐒𝐈𝐁𝐄𝐋𝐈𝐔𝐒 (𝟏𝟖𝟔𝟓–𝟏𝟗𝟓𝟕): 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Jean Sibelius (1865–1957) is often remembered as the austere and noble musical voice of Finland: the composer of Finlandia, the seven symphonies,…

𝐏𝐘𝐎𝐓𝐑 𝐈𝐋𝐘𝐈𝐂𝐇 𝐓𝐂𝐇𝐀𝐈𝐊𝐎𝐕𝐒𝐊𝐘: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky remains one of the most beloved and emotionally immediate composers in all music history. His works seem to speak…

𝗠𝗔𝗛𝗟𝗘𝗥: 𝗘𝗔𝗖𝗛 𝗦𝗬𝗠𝗣𝗛𝗢𝗡𝗬 𝗔 𝗨𝗡𝗜𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗦𝗘 To say that each Mahler symphony is a world is not a decorative phrase. It is one of the few formulas that comes close to the truth. In Mahler’s…

𝐌𝐨𝐳𝐚𝐫𝐭 - 𝐋𝐚 𝐜𝐥𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐳𝐚 𝐝𝐢 𝐓𝐢𝐭𝐨 - 𝐏𝐞𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐫𝐞𝐢𝐞𝐫 · 𝐉𝐮𝐥𝐢𝐚 𝐕𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐝𝐲 · 𝐄𝐝𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐌𝐚𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐬 - 𝐓𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐚 𝐁𝐞𝐫𝐠𝐚𝐧𝐳𝐚 · 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐚 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐢𝐦𝐥 · 𝐓𝐡𝐞𝐨 𝐀𝐝𝐚𝐦 - 𝐑𝐮𝐧𝐝𝐟𝐮𝐧𝐤𝐜𝐡𝐨𝐫 𝐋𝐞𝐢𝐩𝐳𝐢𝐠 - 𝐒𝐭𝐚𝐚𝐭𝐬𝐤𝐚𝐩𝐞𝐥𝐥𝐞 𝐃𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐝𝐞𝐧 - 𝐊𝐚𝐫𝐥 𝐁𝐨𝐡𝐦 https://www.patreon.com/posts/mozart-la-di-152587249?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link…

## **𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗜𝗡 𝗦𝗪𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗗’𝗦 𝗕𝗜𝗢𝗚𝗥𝗔𝗣𝗛𝗬 — Chapter 5 — Liars, Slanderers, and Envious Creatures** **1) Salzburg After the Grand Tour: Spoils, Secrecy, and Leopold’s Next Calculations** After returning to Salzburg in **November 1766**, Leopold…