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𝐀𝐍𝐍𝐄 𝐒𝐈𝐋𝐉𝐀 (𝟏𝟗𝟒𝟎– ) 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐅𝐈𝐄𝐑𝐂𝐄 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐌𝐎𝐃𝐄𝐑𝐍 𝐎𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐀 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐒𝐓 𝐖𝐇𝐎 𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐍𝐒𝐅𝐎𝐑𝐌𝐄𝐃 𝐖𝐀𝐆𝐍𝐄𝐑𝐈𝐀𝐍 𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐈𝐍𝐓𝐎 𝐏𝐒𝐘𝐂𝐇𝐎𝐋𝐎𝐆𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐓𝐇𝐄𝐀𝐓𝐑𝐄 𝐀 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃𝐇𝐎𝐎𝐃 𝐈𝐍 𝐖𝐀𝐑-𝐒𝐇𝐀𝐃𝐎𝐖𝐄𝐃 𝐆𝐄𝐑𝐌𝐀𝐍𝐘 𝐀𝐧𝐧𝐞 𝐒𝐢𝐥𝐣𝐚 (𝐛. 𝟏𝟕 𝐀𝐩𝐫𝐢𝐥 𝟏𝟗𝟒𝟎) was born in…

𝐀𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐃 𝐕𝐀𝐑𝐍𝐀𝐘 (𝟏𝟗𝟏𝟖–𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟔) 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐖𝐀𝐆𝐍𝐄𝐑𝐈𝐀𝐍 𝐐𝐔𝐄𝐄𝐍 𝐎𝐅 𝐅𝐈𝐑𝐄 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐃𝐑𝐀𝐌𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐂 𝐒𝐎𝐏𝐑𝐀𝐍𝐎 𝐖𝐇𝐎 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐐𝐔𝐄𝐑𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐀𝐘𝐑𝐄𝐔𝐓𝐇 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐑𝐄𝐈𝐍𝐕𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐇𝐄𝐑𝐒𝐄𝐋𝐅 𝐁𝐈𝐑𝐓𝐇 𝐈𝐍𝐓𝐎 𝐀 𝐖𝐎𝐑𝐋𝐃 𝐎𝐅 𝐎𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐀 — 𝐀 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐓𝐇𝐄𝐀𝐓𝐑𝐄 𝐀𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐝 𝐕𝐚𝐫𝐧𝐚𝐲 (𝟐𝟓 𝐀𝐩𝐫𝐢𝐥…

𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐞/𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐜𝐞: 𝐀𝐩𝐫𝐢𝐥 𝟏𝟗𝟎𝟑, 𝐒𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐞 𝐏𝐥𝐞𝐲𝐞𝐥, 𝟐𝟐 𝐫𝐮𝐞 𝐑𝐨𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐜𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐚𝐫𝐭, 𝐏𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐬. 𝐒𝐮𝐛𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐉𝐨𝐡𝐚𝐧𝐧𝐞𝐬 𝐖𝐨𝐥𝐟𝐟 𝐐𝐮𝐚𝐫𝐭𝐞𝐭, and others: from the left; 𝐉𝐨𝐡𝐚𝐧𝐧𝐞𝐬 𝐖𝐨𝐥𝐟𝐟 (violin), 𝐉𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐩𝐡 𝐇𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐧 (cello), 𝐆𝐮𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐯𝐞 𝐋𝐲𝐨𝐧 standing at the back (Administrator of Pleyel,…

𝐏𝐈𝐄𝐑𝐑𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐄𝐔𝐗 — 𝐅𝐑𝐎𝐌 𝐏𝐀𝐑𝐈𝐒𝐈𝐀𝐍 𝐕𝐈𝐎𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐈𝐒𝐓 𝐓𝐎 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐁𝐀𝐓𝐎𝐍 𝐎𝐅 𝐑𝐄𝐕𝐎𝐋𝐔𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐄𝐀𝐑𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐀𝐒𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐃𝐔𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑 𝐖𝐇𝐎 𝐏𝐑𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐄𝐑𝐄𝐃 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐃𝐄𝐑𝐍 𝐄𝐑𝐀 𝐁𝐈𝐑𝐓𝐇 𝐈𝐍 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐇𝐄𝐀𝐑𝐓 𝐎𝐅 𝐏𝐀𝐑𝐈𝐒 — 𝟏𝟖𝟕𝟓 𝐏𝐢𝐞𝐫𝐫𝐞…

𝗪𝗔𝗟𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗥𝗬: 𝗔𝗡𝗘𝗖𝗗𝗢𝗧𝗘𝗦 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗖𝗨𝗥𝗜𝗢𝗦𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗘𝗦 𝗙𝗥𝗢𝗠 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗔 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧 𝗩𝗜𝗘𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦𝗘 𝗕𝗔𝗥𝗜𝗧𝗢𝗡𝗘 𝗘𝗮𝗿𝗹𝘆 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗶𝗻 𝗩𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗻𝗮 (1930–1950) 𝗪𝗮𝗹𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗕𝗲𝗿𝗿𝘆 (1930–2000) was born in Vienna on 8 April 1930, a city whose operatic traditions…

𝐊𝐚𝐫𝐥 𝐁ö𝐡𝐦 (𝟐𝟖 𝐀𝐮𝐠𝐮𝐬𝐭 𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟒 – 𝟏𝟒 𝐀𝐮𝐠𝐮𝐬𝐭 𝟏𝟗𝟖𝟏) 𝐂𝐡𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐚 𝐋𝐮𝐝𝐰𝐢𝐠 (𝟏𝟔 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐜𝐡 𝟏𝟗𝟐𝟖 – 𝟐𝟒 𝐀𝐩𝐫𝐢𝐥 𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟏)

𝐌𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐬𝐥𝐚𝐯 𝐑𝐨𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐨𝐯𝐢𝐜𝐡 (𝟐𝟕 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐜𝐡 𝟏𝟗𝟐𝟕 – 𝟐𝟕 𝐀𝐩𝐫𝐢𝐥 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟕) 𝐒𝐞𝐫𝐠𝐞𝐢 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐤𝐨𝐟𝐢𝐞𝐯 (𝟐𝟑 𝐀𝐩𝐫𝐢𝐥 𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟏 – 𝟓 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐜𝐡 𝟏𝟗𝟓𝟑)

𝐑𝐚𝐥𝐩𝐡 𝐕𝐚𝐮𝐠𝐡𝐚𝐧 𝐖𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐚𝐦𝐬 (1872–1958): 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐡𝐨𝐧𝐲 𝐍𝐨. 𝟗 𝐢𝐧 𝐄 𝐦𝐢𝐧𝐨𝐫 (1956/1957) Recording of the world premiere, London, Royal Festival Hall, 2 April 1958. Royal Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by 𝐒𝐢𝐫 𝐌𝐚𝐥𝐜𝐨𝐥𝐦 𝐒𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐭 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LiJHg6ZbVG8

𝐒𝐈𝐑 𝐂𝐎𝐋𝐈𝐍 𝐃𝐀𝐕𝐈𝐒 — 𝐅𝐑𝐎𝐌 𝐂𝐋𝐀𝐑𝐈𝐍𝐄𝐓 𝐒𝐓𝐔𝐃𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐓𝐎 𝐎𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐂 𝐌𝐀𝐄𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐎: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐋𝐎𝐍𝐆 𝐑𝐈𝐒𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐀 𝐆𝐑𝐄𝐀𝐓 𝐁𝐑𝐈𝐓𝐈𝐒𝐇 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐃𝐔𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑 (𝟏𝟗𝟐𝟕–𝟏𝟗𝟔𝟕) 𝐈. 𝐀 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂𝐈𝐀𝐍 𝐅𝐑𝐎𝐌 𝐌𝐎𝐃𝐄𝐒𝐓 𝐁𝐄𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐍𝐈𝐍𝐆𝐒 (1927–1945) 𝐒𝐢𝐫 𝐂𝐨𝐥𝐢𝐧 𝐑𝐞𝐱 𝐃𝐚𝐯𝐢𝐬 (25 September 1927 –…

𝗧𝟱𝘁𝗵 𝗯𝗶𝗿𝘁𝗵𝗱𝗮𝘆 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗿𝘁 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗟𝗲𝗼𝗽𝗼𝗹𝗱 𝗔𝘂𝗲𝗿, 𝗔𝗽𝗿𝗶𝗹 𝟮𝟴, 𝟭𝟵𝟮𝟱. 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴: 𝗕𝗶𝗱𝗼𝘂 𝗔𝗰𝗵𝗿𝗼𝗻, 𝗛𝗲𝗶𝗳𝗲𝘁𝘇, 𝗢𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗽 𝗚𝗮𝗯𝗿𝗶𝗹𝗼𝘄𝗶𝘁𝘀𝗰𝗵, 𝗦𝗲𝗿𝗴𝗲𝗶 𝗥𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗼𝗳𝗳, 𝗝𝗼𝘀𝗲𝗳 𝗛𝗼𝗳𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗻, 𝗣𝗮𝘂𝗹 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝘀𝗻𝗶𝗲𝘃𝗶𝗰𝗵. 𝗦𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗱: 𝗔𝘂𝗲𝗿, 𝗘𝗳𝗿𝗲𝗺 𝗭𝗶𝗺𝗯𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘀𝘁

𝗗𝗮𝘃𝗶𝗱 𝗢𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗸𝗵 (30 September 1908 – 24 October 1974), 𝗔𝗿𝘁𝗵𝘂𝗿 𝗚𝗿𝘂𝗺𝗶𝗮𝘂𝘅 (21 March 1921 – 16 October 1986) 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗬𝗲𝗵𝘂𝗱𝗶 𝗠𝗲𝗻𝘂𝗵𝗶𝗻 (22 April 1916 – 12 March 1999)

𝐀𝐍𝐓𝐀𝐋 𝐃𝐎𝐑𝐀𝐓𝐈 — 𝐅𝐑𝐎𝐌 𝐁𝐔𝐃𝐀𝐏𝐄𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐑𝐎𝐃𝐈𝐆𝐘 𝐓𝐎 𝐁𝐀𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓 𝐅𝐈𝐑𝐄𝐁𝐑𝐀𝐍𝐃: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐅𝐎𝐑𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐆 𝐎𝐅 𝐀 𝐌𝐀𝐄𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐎 (𝟏𝟗𝟎𝟔–𝟏𝟗𝟑𝟎) 𝐀 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐁𝐔𝐃𝐀𝐏𝐄𝐒𝐓 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐌𝐈𝐋𝐈𝐄𝐔 (𝟏𝟗𝟎𝟔–𝟏𝟗𝟏𝟒) 𝐀𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐃𝐨𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢 (1906–1988) was born on 9 April 1906 in Budapest,…

𝐋𝐄𝐎𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐃 𝐒𝐓𝐎𝐊𝐎𝐖𝐒𝐊𝐈 — 𝐅𝐑𝐎𝐌 𝐋𝐎𝐍𝐃𝐎𝐍 𝐎𝐑𝐆𝐀𝐍 𝐋𝐎𝐅𝐓 𝐓𝐎 𝐀𝐌𝐄𝐑𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐍 𝐌𝐀𝐄𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐎: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐑𝐈𝐒𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐀 𝐏𝐎𝐃𝐈𝐔𝐌 𝐌𝐘𝐓𝐇 𝐈. 𝐀 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐈𝐒𝐇-𝐁𝐑𝐈𝐓𝐈𝐒𝐇 𝐁𝐎𝐘 𝐖𝐈𝐓𝐇 𝐁𝐈𝐆 𝐀𝐌𝐁𝐈𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 (𝟏𝟖𝟖𝟐–𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟔) 𝐋𝐞𝐨𝐩𝐨𝐥𝐝 𝐀𝐧𝐭𝐨𝐧 𝐒𝐭𝐨𝐤𝐨𝐰𝐬𝐤𝐢 (𝟏𝟖𝟖𝟐–𝟏𝟗𝟕𝟕) was born on 18 April 1882…

## **𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗜𝗡 𝗦𝗪𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗗’𝗦 𝗕𝗜𝗢𝗚𝗥𝗔𝗣𝗛𝗬: Chapter 4 — An Instrument at the Command of Music** **1) From Calais to London: fame arrives first (April 1764)** Nannerl notes the **tides at Calais**, then the family…

𝗬𝗘𝗛𝗨𝗗𝗜 𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗨𝗛𝗜𝗡 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗖𝗛𝗜𝗟𝗗 𝗪𝗛𝗢 𝗥𝗘𝗗𝗘𝗙𝗜𝗡𝗘𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗩𝗜𝗢𝗟𝗜𝗡 𝗔 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗱𝗶𝗴𝘆 𝗕𝗼𝗿𝗻 𝗶𝗻 𝗔𝗺𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗰𝗮 (1916) 𝗬𝗲𝗵𝘂𝗱𝗶 𝗠𝗲𝗻𝘂𝗵𝗶𝗻 (1916–1999) was born on April 22, 1916, in New York, into a family of Russian-Jewish intellectuals who…

𝗛𝗘𝗥𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗧 𝗩𝗢𝗡 𝗞𝗔𝗥𝗔𝗝𝗔𝗡 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗚𝗜𝗡𝗚 𝗢𝗙 𝗔 𝗣𝗢𝗗𝗜𝗨𝗠 𝗧𝗜𝗧𝗔𝗡 𝗘𝗮𝗿𝗹𝘆 𝗦𝗮𝗹𝘇𝗯𝘂𝗿𝗴 𝗥𝗼𝗼𝘁𝘀: 𝗔 𝗣𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗶𝘀𝘁 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗠𝗮𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁 𝘃𝗼𝗻 𝗞𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗷𝗮𝗻 (1908–1989) was born in Salzburg on April 5, 1908, into a cultivated, musically…

𝗪𝗛𝗘𝗡 𝗙𝗜𝗥𝗘 𝗠𝗘𝗧 𝗣𝗘𝗥𝗙𝗘𝗖𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 — 𝗥𝗔𝗩𝗘𝗟 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗦𝗧𝗥𝗔𝗩𝗜𝗡𝗦𝗞𝗬: 𝗔 𝗙𝗥𝗜𝗘𝗡𝗗𝗦𝗛𝗜𝗣 𝗢𝗙 𝗠𝗨𝗧𝗨𝗔𝗟 𝗔𝗗𝗠𝗜𝗥𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 Maurice Ravel (1875–1937) Born: 7 March 1875 — Ciboure, France Died: 28 December 1937 — Paris, France Igor Stravinsky (1882–1971) Born:…

**Herbert von Karajan** (born April 5, 1908, in Salzburg – died July 16, 1989, in Anif) was one of the most influential and controversial conductors of the 20th century. Karajan rose to international prominence…

# **Wagner: Die Walküre - Thomas Schippers**, NHK Symphony Orchestra (Recorded 11th April, 1967, Festival Hall, Osaka) - Stereo [[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9fJvvj63aWM](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9fJvvj63aWM)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9fJvvj63aWM)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9fJvvj63aWM) Act 1 [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=piP_Nue851g&t=23s](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=piP_Nue851g&t=23s)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=piP_Nue851g&t=23s) Act 2 [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5654MBBZth0](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5654MBBZth0)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5654MBBZth0) Act 3 [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Uiw0eu6LCQm](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Uiw0eu6LCQm) Complete Siegmund — Jess Thomas…

# **Willi Boskovsky And Elisabeth Höbarth** **Austrian violinist and conductor Willi Boskovsky** (1909 - 1991) and his wife, actress **Elisabeth Höbarth (1923 - 2007)**, UK, 18th April 1964. He annually conducts the Vienna New…

# **Astrid Varnay (1918–2006): A Voice Born into Destiny** **Astrid Varnay** was not merely a great Wagnerian soprano; she was **a phenomenon shaped by fate, circumstance, and fearless intelligence**. Few singers in operatic history…

# **Mozart and the Transcription of Allegri’s *****Miserere***** (Rome, 1770)** When Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart arrived in **Rome in April 1770**, he was fourteen years old and already widely known across Europe as a prodigy.…

Giuditta Pasta (born Giuditta Negri; Saronno , April 9, 1798 - Blevio , province of Como , April 1, 1865) was a very famous Italian soprano 1831, on December 26th, she premiered perhaps her…

Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein ( Vienna , April 26, 1889 – Cambridge , April 29, 1951), known as Ludwig Wittgenstein , was an Austrian philosopher , mathematician , linguist , and logician , later…