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𝐑𝐢𝐜𝐜𝐚𝐫𝐝𝐨 𝐌𝐮𝐭𝐢: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐌𝐚𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐨 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐢𝐩𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐞 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐌𝐚𝐝𝐞 𝐎𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐚 𝐒𝐩𝐞𝐚𝐤 𝐖𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐌𝐨𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐅𝐨𝐫𝐜𝐞 There are conductors whose careers are defined by prestige, and there are others whose greatness comes from a…

𝐒𝐢𝐫 𝐒𝐢𝐦𝐨𝐧 𝐑𝐚𝐭𝐭𝐥𝐞: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐅𝐢𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐀𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐢𝐭𝐞𝐜𝐭 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐑𝐞𝐦𝐚𝐝𝐞 𝐎𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐓𝐚𝐮𝐠𝐡𝐭 𝐓𝐡𝐞𝐦 𝐭𝐨 𝐁𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐀𝐠𝐚𝐢𝐧 There are conductors who inherit greatness, and there are others who seem to create a new climate wherever they…

𝐒𝐢𝐫 𝐌𝐚𝐥𝐜𝐨𝐥𝐦 𝐒𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐭: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐆𝐥𝐚𝐦𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐌𝐚𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐨 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐌𝐚𝐝𝐞 𝐁𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐒𝐢𝐧𝐠 There are conductors whose greatness lies in severity, austerity, and intellectual weight, and there are others whose power comes from something more public, more…

𝐄𝐮𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐞 𝐎𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐲: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐌𝐚𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐨 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐀𝐧 𝐎𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐚 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐀 𝐋𝐞𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐝 There are conductors whose fame rests on a few electrifying seasons, and there are others whose greatness is built over decades, through patience,…

𝐒𝐢𝐫 𝐀𝐝𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐧 𝐁𝐨𝐮𝐥𝐭: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐆𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐥𝐞𝐦𝐚𝐧 𝐌𝐚𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐨 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐆𝐚𝐯𝐞 𝐄𝐧𝐠𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐈𝐭𝐬 𝐎𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐕𝐨𝐢𝐜𝐞 There are conductors who dazzle through theatrical charisma, and there are others whose greatness lies in something quieter but no less durable:…

𝐃𝐢𝐦𝐢𝐭𝐫𝐢 𝐌𝐢𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐨𝐮𝐥𝐨𝐬: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐀𝐬𝐜𝐞𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐨𝐟 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐞 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐀𝐬 𝐈𝐟 𝐌𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐜 𝐖𝐞𝐫𝐞 𝐚 𝐒𝐩𝐢𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐮𝐚𝐥 𝐓𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐥 There are conductors who dominate by sheer authority, and there are conductors whose greatness seems to come from something…

𝐕𝐚́𝐜𝐥𝐚𝐯 𝐍𝐞𝐮𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐧: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐌𝐚𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐨 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐆𝐚𝐯𝐞 𝐂𝐳𝐞𝐜𝐡 𝐌𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐜 𝐀 𝐍𝐞𝐰 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐡𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐜 𝐅𝐚𝐜𝐞 There are conductors who become famous through power, glamour, or controversy, and there are others whose authority grows from something deeper: style,…

𝐂𝐚𝐫𝐥𝐨𝐬 𝐊𝐥𝐞𝐢𝐛𝐞𝐫: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐆𝐞𝐧𝐢𝐮𝐬 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐀𝐬 𝐈𝐟 𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐍𝐨𝐭𝐞 𝐖𝐞𝐫𝐞 𝐚 𝐌𝐚𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐋𝐢𝐟𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐃𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐡 There are conductors who build careers, and there are conductors who become legends almost in spite of…

𝐇𝐞𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐧 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐧: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐑𝐞𝐛𝐞𝐥 𝐌𝐚𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐨 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐚 𝐌𝐢𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧 There are conductors who preserve tradition, and there are conductors who explode it from within so that music can live again. Hermann Scherchen…

𝐓𝐮𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐨 𝐒𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐟𝐢𝐧: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐚𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐫𝐜𝐡 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐒𝐡𝐚𝐩𝐞𝐝 𝐎𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐚, 𝐂𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐋𝐞𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐝𝐬, 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐂𝐚𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐝 𝐁𝐞𝐥 𝐂𝐚𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐌𝐨𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐧 𝐀𝐠𝐞 There are opera conductors who serve repertory, and there are opera conductors who seem almost to stand…

𝐊𝐚𝐫𝐞𝐥 𝐀𝐧𝐜̌𝐞𝐫𝐥: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐂𝐚𝐦𝐞 𝐁𝐚𝐜𝐤 𝐅𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐇𝐞𝐥𝐥 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐅𝐨𝐫𝐠𝐞𝐝 𝐚 𝐋𝐞𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐝 There are conductors whose greatness can be measured in recordings, premieres, orchestral discipline, and international prestige. And then there are conductors…

𝐉𝐚𝐬𝐜𝐡𝐚 𝐇𝐨𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐢𝐧 𝐢𝐧 𝐌𝐚𝐡𝐥𝐞𝐫: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐡𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐞𝐬, 𝐎𝐧𝐞 𝐛𝐲 𝐎𝐧𝐞 Jascha Horenstein is one of the indispensable Mahler conductors, but his Mahler legacy is not a neat studio cycle. It is a constellation of major…

𝐒𝐈𝐑 𝐉𝐎𝐇𝐍 𝐁𝐀𝐑𝐁𝐈𝐑𝐎𝐋𝐋𝐈 (𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟗–𝟏𝟗𝟕𝟎): 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Sir John Barbirolli (1899–1970) was born Giovanni Battista Barbirolli in London on 2 December 1899 and died there on 29 July…

𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐒 𝐑𝐈𝐂𝐇𝐓𝐄𝐑 (𝟏𝟖𝟒𝟑–𝟏𝟗𝟏𝟔) 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐈𝐑𝐎𝐍 𝐀𝐑𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐓𝐄𝐂𝐓 𝐎𝐅 𝐖𝐀𝐆𝐍𝐄𝐑 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐁𝐑𝐀𝐇𝐌𝐒 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐆𝐑𝐄𝐀𝐓 𝐊𝐀𝐏𝐄𝐋𝐋𝐌𝐄𝐈𝐒𝐓𝐄𝐑 𝐖𝐇𝐎 𝐇𝐄𝐋𝐏𝐄𝐃 𝐒𝐇𝐀𝐏𝐄 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐒𝐎𝐔𝐍𝐃 𝐎𝐅 𝐋𝐀𝐓𝐄 𝟏𝟗𝐓𝐇-𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐔𝐑𝐘 𝐄𝐔𝐑𝐎𝐏𝐄 𝐁𝐈𝐑𝐓𝐇 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐄𝐀𝐑𝐋𝐘 𝐅𝐎𝐑𝐌𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 — 𝐀 𝐇𝐔𝐍𝐆𝐀𝐑𝐈𝐀𝐍 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂𝐈𝐀𝐍 𝐎𝐅 𝐒𝐎𝐋𝐈𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓…

𝐎𝐭𝐭𝐨 𝐊𝐥𝐞𝐦𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐫 𝐢𝐧 𝐁𝐞𝐞𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐧: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐢𝐧𝐞 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐡𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐞𝐬, 𝐎𝐧𝐞 𝐛𝐲 𝐎𝐧𝐞 Otto Klemperer’s Beethoven belongs among the most imposing achievements in the discography of the twentieth century. His Philharmonia recordings, mainly made between 1955 and…

𝐆𝐞𝐨𝐫𝐠𝐞 𝐒𝐳𝐞𝐥𝐥 𝐢𝐧 𝐁𝐞𝐞𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐧: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐢𝐧𝐞 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐡𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐞𝐬, 𝐎𝐧𝐞 𝐛𝐲 𝐎𝐧𝐞 George Szell’s Beethoven cycle with The Cleveland Orchestra has long been regarded as one of the great Beethoven traversals on disc. Critics have repeatedly…

𝐁𝐞𝐞𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐧 - 𝐌𝐢𝐬𝐬𝐚 𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐞𝐦𝐧𝐢𝐬 - 𝐂𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐠𝐢𝐮𝐦 𝐀𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐮𝐦 - 𝐖𝐨𝐥𝐟𝐠𝐚𝐧𝐠 𝐆𝐨𝐧𝐧𝐞𝐧𝐰𝐞𝐢𝐧 - 𝟏𝟗𝟕𝟕 https://www.patreon.com/posts/beethoven-missa-153567111?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link 𝐌𝐢𝐬𝐬𝐚 𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐞𝐦𝐧𝐢𝐬: 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐩𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧, 𝐆𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐬, 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐦𝐢𝐞𝐫𝐞 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐌𝐢𝐬𝐬𝐚 𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐞𝐦𝐧𝐢𝐬, 𝐎𝐩. 𝟏𝟐𝟑, was one of Beethoven’s most ambitious and inward-looking creations. He…

**𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗜𝗡 𝗦𝗪𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗗’𝗦 𝗕𝗜𝗢𝗚𝗥𝗔𝗣𝗛𝗬 - 𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐩𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝟏𝟎 — 𝐍𝐨 𝐕𝐚𝐜𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐲 𝐇𝐞𝐫𝐞** **𝐒𝐚𝐥𝐳𝐛𝐮𝐫𝐠 𝐋𝐞𝐟𝐭 𝐁𝐞𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐝: 𝐀 𝐃𝐞𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐅𝐮𝐥𝐥 𝐨𝐟 𝐓𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧** When **Wolfgang Mozart** and his mother **Maria Anna Mozart** left Salzburg in **September 1777**, this…

𝐌𝐚𝐡𝐥𝐞𝐫 – 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐡𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝟏 𝐭𝐨 𝟏𝟎 – 𝐁𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐇𝐚𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐤 – 𝐋𝐏 𝐎𝐑𝐈𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐀𝐋 https://www.patreon.com/posts/mahler-1-to-10-137376934?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link 𝐁𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐇𝐚𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐤 𝐢𝐧 𝐌𝐚𝐡𝐥𝐞𝐫: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐡𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐞𝐬, 𝐎𝐧𝐞 𝐛𝐲 𝐎𝐧𝐞 Bernard Haitink’s Mahler is one of the central recorded monuments in the…

𝐋𝐞𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐁𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐢𝐧 𝐢𝐧 𝐁𝐞𝐞𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐧: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐡𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐞𝐬, 𝐕𝐢𝐨𝐥𝐢𝐧 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐨, 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐏𝐢𝐚𝐧𝐨 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐨𝐬, 𝐎𝐧𝐞 𝐛𝐲 𝐎𝐧𝐞 Complete Audio in Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/collection/2064329 Leonard Bernstein’s Beethoven discography is both rich and uneven. In the symphonies, the essential comparison…

𝐖𝐈𝐋𝐇𝐄𝐋𝐌 𝐅𝐔𝐑𝐓𝐖𝐀̈𝐍𝐆𝐋𝐄𝐑 (𝟏𝟖𝟖𝟔–𝟏𝟗𝟓𝟒): 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Wilhelm Furtwängler (1886–1954) remains one of the most morally and historically controversial figures in twentieth-century music. He was born on 25 January…

𝐂𝐀𝐌𝐈𝐋𝐋𝐄 𝐒𝐀𝐈𝐍𝐓-𝐒𝐀𝐄̈𝐍𝐒 (𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟓–𝟏𝟗𝟐𝟏): 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Camille Saint-Saëns (1835–1921) is often remembered as the supreme French classicist of the later nineteenth century: elegant, lucid, disciplined, cultivated, brilliant, and…

**𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗜𝗡 𝗦𝗪𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗗’𝗦 𝗕𝗜𝗢𝗚𝗥𝗔𝗣𝗛𝗬 - Chapter 9 — Breaking** **1) Salzburg Stagnation and the Weight of Dependence** After Munich, **Mozart returned to Salzburg still without a meaningful future**. He had no major post beyond…

𝐄𝐥𝐢𝐳𝐚𝐛𝐞𝐭𝐡 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐰𝐚𝐫𝐳𝐤𝐨𝐩𝐟 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐖𝐚𝐥𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐋𝐞𝐠𝐠𝐞: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐀𝐫𝐭𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐏𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐀𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞 Elizabeth Schwarzkopf and Walter Legge formed one of the most influential, complex, and frequently debated personal and artistic partnerships in the…