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𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗠𝗘 𝗜 — 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟲 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗡𝗲𝘄 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗖𝗮𝘁𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗽𝗵𝗲, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗶𝗿𝘀𝘁 𝗚𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁 𝗕𝘂𝗿𝗱𝗲𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝗟𝗼𝘆𝗮𝗹𝘁𝘆 𝟭𝟴𝟱𝟰–𝟭𝟴𝟱𝟱 Chapter 6 is one of the most emotionally…

𝗔𝗡𝗔𝗧𝗢𝗟𝗘 𝗙𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗢𝗨𝗟𝗔𝗥𝗜 𝗔 𝗖𝗛𝗥𝗢𝗡𝗢𝗟𝗢𝗚𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗟 𝗣𝗢𝗥𝗧𝗥𝗔𝗜𝗧 𝗢𝗙 𝗔 𝗖𝗢𝗡𝗗𝗨𝗖𝗧𝗢𝗥 𝗢𝗙 𝗕𝗔𝗟𝗟𝗘𝗧, 𝗥𝗨𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗣𝗔𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗢𝗡, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗢𝗥𝗖𝗛𝗘𝗦𝗧𝗥𝗔𝗟 𝗖𝗢𝗟𝗢𝗨𝗥 𝗔𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗼𝗹𝗲 𝗙𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗼𝘂𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗶 was born in 𝗞𝗶𝗲𝘃 on 𝟮𝟬 𝗔𝘂𝗴𝘂𝘀𝘁 𝟭𝟵𝟬𝟳 and died in 𝗟𝗼𝗻𝗱𝗼𝗻 on 𝟮𝟭 𝗔𝘂𝗴𝘂𝘀𝘁 𝟭𝟵𝟵𝟱, one…

𝗣𝗘𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝗠𝗔𝗔𝗚 𝗔 𝗖𝗛𝗥𝗢𝗡𝗢𝗟𝗢𝗚𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗟 𝗣𝗢𝗥𝗧𝗥𝗔𝗜𝗧 𝗢𝗙 𝗔 𝗣𝗢𝗘𝗧𝗜𝗖, 𝗦𝗣𝗜𝗥𝗜𝗧𝗨𝗔𝗟, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗨𝗡𝗗𝗘𝗥𝗥𝗔𝗧𝗘𝗗 𝗖𝗢𝗡𝗗𝗨𝗖𝗧𝗢𝗥 𝗣𝗲𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗠𝗮𝗮𝗴, born 𝗘𝗿𝗻𝘀𝘁 𝗣𝗲𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝘀 𝗠𝗮𝗮𝗴 on 𝟭𝟬 𝗠𝗮𝘆 𝟭𝟵𝟭𝟵 in 𝗦𝘁. 𝗚𝗮𝗹𝗹𝗲𝗻, Switzerland, and deceased on 𝟭𝟲 𝗔𝗽𝗿𝗶𝗹 𝟮𝟬𝟬𝟭 in…

𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗠𝗘 𝗜 — 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟱 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝘂𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗻’𝘀 “𝗡𝗲𝘄 𝗣𝗮𝘁𝗵𝘀,” 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗶𝗿𝘀𝘁 𝗣𝘂𝗯𝗹𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗕𝗶𝗿𝘁𝗵 𝗼𝗳 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝗵𝗺𝘀’𝘀 𝗣𝘂𝗯𝗹𝗶𝗰 𝗡𝗮𝗺𝗲 𝟭𝟴𝟱𝟯 Chapter 5 is the chapter in which…

𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬’𝗦 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗔 𝗡𝗮𝗿𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝗔𝗻𝗮𝗹𝘆𝘀𝗶𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗮 𝗕𝗶𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗽𝗵𝘆 𝗪𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘁𝗲𝗻 𝗖𝗹𝗼𝘀𝗲 𝘁𝗼 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗶𝘃𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗠𝗲𝗺𝗼𝗿𝘆 𝗼𝗳 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝗵𝗺𝘀 Florence May’s 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝘀 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝗵𝗺𝘀 occupies a special place among Brahms…

𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗠𝗘 𝗜 — 𝗜𝗡𝗧𝗥𝗢𝗗𝗨𝗖𝗧𝗢𝗥𝗬 𝗦𝗘𝗖𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗥𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗹𝗹𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀: 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝗵𝗺𝘀 𝗮𝘀 𝗠𝗮𝗻, 𝗣𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗶𝘀𝘁, 𝗧𝗲𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗿, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗙𝗿𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗱 𝟭𝟴𝟳𝟭–𝟭𝟴𝟵𝟱 Before the biography…

𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗠𝗘 𝗜 — 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟰 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗚𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁 𝗢𝗽𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴: 𝗝𝗼𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗶𝗺, 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘇𝘁, 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗥𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗲, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗶𝗿𝘀𝘁 𝗠𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝘂𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗻 𝟭𝟴𝟱𝟯 Chapter 4 is one of the turning-points…

𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗠𝗘 𝗜 — 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟯 𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺 𝗛𝗮𝗺𝗯𝘂𝗿𝗴 𝗢𝗯𝘀𝗰𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝘁𝗼 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗧𝗵𝗿𝗲𝘀𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗱 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗚𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗹𝗱 𝟭𝟴𝟰𝟴–𝟭𝟴𝟱𝟯 Chapter 3 is one of the decisive transition chapters…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗧𝗢𝗠𝗕 𝗢𝗙 𝗙𝗘𝗟𝗜𝗫 𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗗𝗘𝗟𝗦𝗦𝗢𝗛𝗡 𝗕𝗔𝗥𝗧𝗛𝗢𝗟𝗗𝗬 𝗔 𝗙𝗮𝗺𝗶𝗹𝘆 𝗚𝗿𝗮𝘃𝗲 𝗕𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗻 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰, 𝗠𝗲𝗺𝗼𝗿𝘆, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗡𝗶𝗻𝗲𝘁𝗲𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗵-𝗖𝗲𝗻𝘁𝘂𝗿𝘆 𝗕𝗲𝗿𝗹𝗶𝗻 The tomb of 𝗙𝗲𝗹𝗶𝘅 𝗠𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗹𝘀𝘀𝗼𝗵𝗻 𝗕𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗱𝘆 is not only the resting place of one of the greatest composers of…

𝗖𝗘́𝗖𝗜𝗟𝗘 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗥𝗟𝗢𝗧𝗧𝗘 𝗦𝗢𝗣𝗛𝗜𝗘 𝗝𝗘𝗔𝗡𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗔𝗨𝗗 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗪𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗙𝗲𝗹𝗶𝘅 𝗠𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗹𝘀𝘀𝗼𝗵𝗻 𝗕𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗱𝘆 𝗖𝗲́𝗰𝗶𝗹𝗲 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗹𝗼𝘁𝘁𝗲 𝗦𝗼𝗽𝗵𝗶𝗲 𝗝𝗲𝗮𝗻𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗮𝘂𝗱, later 𝗖𝗲́𝗰𝗶𝗹𝗲 𝗠𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗹𝘀𝘀𝗼𝗵𝗻 𝗕𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗱𝘆, was born on 𝟭𝟬 𝗢𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗯𝗲𝗿 𝟭𝟴𝟭𝟳 and died on 𝟮𝟱 𝗦𝗲𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗿 𝟭𝟴𝟱𝟯. She is remembered above…

𝗙𝗘𝗟𝗜𝗫 𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗗𝗘𝗟𝗦𝗦𝗢𝗛𝗡’𝗦 𝗖𝗛𝗜𝗟𝗗𝗥𝗘𝗡 𝗔 𝗙𝗮𝗺𝗶𝗹𝘆 𝗟𝗲𝗴𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗧𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗗𝗶𝗱 𝗡𝗼𝘁 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗻𝘂𝗲 𝗧𝗵𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗴𝗵 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰 𝗙𝗲𝗹𝗶𝘅 𝗠𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗹𝘀𝘀𝗼𝗵𝗻 𝗕𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗱𝘆 and 𝗖𝗲́𝗰𝗶𝗹𝗲 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗹𝗼𝘁𝘁𝗲 𝗦𝗼𝗽𝗵𝗶𝗲 𝗝𝗲𝗮𝗻𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗮𝘂𝗱 had 𝗳𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝗰𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗿𝗲𝗻: 𝗖𝗮𝗿𝗹, 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗲, 𝗣𝗮𝘂𝗹, 𝗟𝗶𝗹𝗶, and 𝗙𝗲𝗹𝗶𝘅 𝗔𝘂𝗴𝘂𝘀𝘁. Their family life belonged…

𝗣𝗔𝗨𝗟 𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗗𝗘𝗟𝗦𝗦𝗢𝗛𝗡 𝗕𝗔𝗥𝗧𝗛𝗢𝗟𝗗𝗬 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗦𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝗙𝗲𝗹𝗶𝘅 𝗠𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗹𝘀𝘀𝗼𝗵𝗻 𝗪𝗵𝗼 𝗕𝗲𝗰𝗮𝗺𝗲 𝗮 𝗣𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗲𝗲𝗿 𝗼𝗳 𝗠𝗼𝗱𝗲𝗿𝗻 𝗖𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗜𝗻𝗱𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗿𝘆 𝗣𝗮𝘂𝗹 𝗠𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗹𝘀𝘀𝗼𝗵𝗻 𝗕𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗱𝘆, born 𝗣𝗮𝘂𝗹 𝗙𝗲𝗹𝗶𝘅 𝗔𝗯𝗿𝗮𝗵𝗮𝗺 𝗠𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗹𝘀𝘀𝗼𝗵𝗻 𝗕𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗱𝘆 on 𝟭𝟴 𝗝𝗮𝗻𝘂𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝟭𝟴𝟰𝟭 in Leipzig and dead on…

𝗕𝗘𝗘𝗧𝗛𝗢𝗩𝗘𝗡, 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗡 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗔𝗥𝗧𝗜𝗦𝗧, 𝗔𝗦 𝗥𝗘𝗩𝗘𝗔𝗟𝗘𝗗 𝗜𝗡 𝗛𝗜𝗦 𝗢𝗪𝗡 𝗪𝗢𝗥𝗗𝗦 𝗔 𝗣𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗶𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗕𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗻 𝗧𝗵𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗴𝗵 𝗛𝗶𝘀 𝗟𝗲𝘁𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀, 𝗧𝗵𝗼𝘂𝗴𝗵𝘁𝘀, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗨𝘁𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲𝘀 𝗕𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗻, 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗠𝗮𝗻 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗔𝗿𝘁𝗶𝘀𝘁, 𝗮𝘀 𝗥𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗮𝗹𝗲𝗱 𝗶𝗻 𝗛𝗶𝘀 𝗢𝘄𝗻…

𝗕𝗘𝗘𝗧𝗛𝗢𝗩𝗘𝗡 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗦𝗛𝗢𝗦𝗧𝗔𝗞𝗢𝗩𝗜𝗖𝗛 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗠𝗼𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗿𝗮𝗺𝗮 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗦𝘆𝗺𝗽𝗵𝗼𝗻𝘆, 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗤𝘂𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗲𝘁, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗧𝗿𝗮𝗴𝗶𝗰 𝗩𝗼𝗶𝗰𝗲 The influence of 𝗟𝘂𝗱𝘄𝗶𝗴 𝘃𝗮𝗻 𝗕𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗻 on 𝗗𝗺𝗶𝘁𝗿𝗶 𝗦𝗵𝗼𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗸𝗼𝘃𝗶𝗰𝗵 was not a matter of simple imitation. Shostakovich did not…

𝗕𝗘𝗘𝗧𝗛𝗢𝗩𝗘𝗡 𝗪𝗜𝗧𝗛𝗢𝗨𝗧 𝗔 𝗠𝗔𝗦𝗞 𝗢𝗻 𝗛𝗶𝘀 𝗢𝘄𝗻 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝗽𝗼𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗰𝘁𝗲𝗿 — 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗣𝗮𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗲, 𝗪𝗼𝘂𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗱, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗨𝗻𝗯𝗿𝗼𝗸𝗲𝗻 𝗠𝗮𝗻 𝗕𝗲𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗚𝗲𝗻𝗶𝘂𝘀 The section 𝗢𝗡 𝗛𝗜𝗦 𝗢𝗪𝗡 𝗗𝗜𝗦𝗣𝗢𝗦𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗥𝗔𝗖𝗧𝗘𝗥 from Beethoven, the Man and the…

𝗕𝗘𝗘𝗧𝗛𝗢𝗩𝗘𝗡 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗦𝗔𝗖𝗥𝗘𝗗 𝗗𝗨𝗧𝗬 𝗢𝗙 𝗘𝗗𝗨𝗖𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 𝗢𝗻 𝗘𝗱𝘂𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 — 𝗩𝗶𝗿𝘁𝘂𝗲, 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗶𝗽𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲, 𝗙𝗿𝗲𝗲𝗱𝗼𝗺, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗧𝗿𝗮𝗴𝗲𝗱𝘆 𝗼𝗳 𝗞𝗮𝗿𝗹 For 𝗟𝘂𝗱𝘄𝗶𝗴 𝘃𝗮𝗻 𝗕𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗻, education was never merely a question of schooling, examinations, manners, or social…

𝗕𝗘𝗘𝗧𝗛𝗢𝗩𝗘𝗡 𝗝𝗨𝗗𝗚𝗜𝗡𝗚 𝗕𝗘𝗘𝗧𝗛𝗢𝗩𝗘𝗡 𝗢𝗻 𝗛𝗶𝘀 𝗢𝘄𝗻 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀 — 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗼𝘀𝗲𝗿 𝗙𝗮𝗰𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗛𝗶𝘀 𝗢𝘄𝗻 𝗚𝗲𝗻𝗶𝘂𝘀 For 𝗟𝘂𝗱𝘄𝗶𝗴 𝘃𝗮𝗻 𝗕𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗻, his own works were never simply finished objects, never trophies of success, never monuments before which…

𝗕𝗘𝗘𝗧𝗛𝗢𝗩𝗘𝗡 𝗜𝗡 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗪𝗢𝗢𝗗𝗦 𝗟𝗼𝘃𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗡𝗮𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲 — 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗦𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗖𝗮𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗱𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗪𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗲 𝗛𝗲 𝗛𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗩𝗼𝗶𝗰𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗚𝗼𝗱 For 𝗟𝘂𝗱𝘄𝗶𝗴 𝘃𝗮𝗻 𝗕𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗻, nature was not a pleasant background to life. It was not merely…

𝗕𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗻’𝘀 “𝗠𝗼𝗼𝗻𝗹𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁” 𝗦𝗼𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗮: 𝗔 𝗡𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗜𝗻𝘄𝗮𝗿𝗱 𝗗𝗿𝗮𝗺𝗮, 𝗟𝗼𝘃𝗲, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗥𝗲𝘃𝗼𝗹𝘂𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 Beethoven Piano Sonata No.14 in C sharp minor, Op.27-2 "Moonlight" - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aqaHP0FcJsU The work we now call the 𝗠𝗼𝗼𝗻𝗹𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁 𝗦𝗼𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗮 was composed by…

𝗙𝗥𝗔𝗡𝗭 𝗦𝗖𝗛𝗨𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗧 𝗔𝗧 𝗕𝗘𝗘𝗧𝗛𝗢𝗩𝗘𝗡’𝗦 𝗗𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗛𝗕𝗘𝗗 𝗔 𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗼𝗿𝗼𝘂𝘀 𝗮𝗰𝗰𝗼𝘂𝗻𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗮 𝗳𝗮𝗺𝗼𝘂𝘀, 𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗹𝘆 𝗱𝗼𝗰𝘂𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗱, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗹𝘆 𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗲𝗽𝗶𝘀𝗼𝗱𝗲 𝗶𝗻 𝗩𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗻𝗮, 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗰𝗵 𝟭𝟴𝟮𝟳 The episode of 𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘇 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝘂𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁 visiting the dying 𝗟𝘂𝗱𝘄𝗶𝗴 𝘃𝗮𝗻 𝗕𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗻 is one…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗪𝗢𝗥𝗞 𝗢𝗙 𝗙𝗥𝗔𝗡𝗭 𝗦𝗖𝗛𝗨𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗧 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟭𝟯 — 𝗕𝗨𝗥𝗜𝗔𝗟 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗠𝗘𝗠𝗢𝗥𝗜𝗔𝗟𝗦 𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘇 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝘂𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁 𝗮𝗳𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗱𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗵: 𝗳𝘂𝗻𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗹, 𝗴𝗿𝗮𝘃𝗲, 𝗿𝗲𝗺𝗲𝗺𝗯𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗯𝗲𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗼𝗳 𝗽𝗼𝘀𝘁𝗵𝘂𝗺𝗼𝘂𝘀 𝗶𝗺𝗺𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘁𝘆 With Chapter 13, Schubert’s life passes fully into…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗪𝗢𝗥𝗞 𝗢𝗙 𝗙𝗥𝗔𝗡𝗭 𝗦𝗖𝗛𝗨𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗧 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟭𝟮 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗙𝗜𝗡𝗔𝗟 𝗜𝗟𝗟𝗡𝗘𝗦𝗦 𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘇 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝘂𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗹𝗮𝘀𝘁 𝗽𝗵𝗮𝘀𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗹𝗶𝗳𝗲: 𝗱𝗲𝗰𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲, 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗰𝗶𝗼𝘂𝘀𝗻𝗲𝘀𝘀, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘂𝗻𝗳𝗶𝗻𝗶𝘀𝗵𝗲𝗱 𝗳𝘂𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲 With Chapter 12, Schubert’s life enters its…

𝗢𝘁𝘁𝗼 𝗞𝗹𝗲𝗺𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗿 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗮 𝗚𝗲𝗶𝘀𝗹𝗲𝗿: 𝗔 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗿𝗶𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝗕𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗻 𝗧𝗵𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗿𝗲, 𝗘𝘅𝗶𝗹𝗲, 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗦𝘂𝗿𝘃𝗶𝘃𝗮𝗹 𝗔 𝗥𝗲𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗵𝗶𝗽 𝗕𝗼𝗿𝗻 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗢𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮 𝗛𝗼𝘂𝘀𝗲 The relationship between 𝗢𝘁𝘁𝗼 𝗞𝗹𝗲𝗺𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗿 and 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗮 𝗚𝗲𝗶𝘀𝗹𝗲𝗿 was not a secondary episode in…

𝗢𝘁𝘁𝗼 𝗞𝗹𝗲𝗺𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗿: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗪𝗼𝘂𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗱 𝗚𝗶𝗮𝗻𝘁 — 𝗔 𝗣𝘀𝘆𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗼𝗴𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗣𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗶𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗮 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿 𝗪𝗵𝗼 𝗧𝘂𝗿𝗻𝗲𝗱 𝗦𝘂𝗳𝗳𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗼 𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗰𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲 𝗔 𝗥𝗶𝗴𝗼𝗿𝗼𝘂𝘀 𝗘𝘀𝘀𝗮𝘆 𝗼𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗜𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗿 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗹𝗱 𝗼𝗳 𝗢𝘁𝘁𝗼 𝗞𝗹𝗲𝗺𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗿 To understand 𝗢𝘁𝘁𝗼 𝗞𝗹𝗲𝗺𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗿 only as a…