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𝗦𝗜𝗥 𝗦𝗜𝗠𝗢𝗡 𝗥𝗔𝗧𝗧𝗟𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗟𝗜𝗡𝗘𝗥 𝗣𝗛𝗜𝗟𝗛𝗔𝗥𝗠𝗢𝗡𝗜𝗞𝗘𝗥 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗼𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝟮𝟭𝘀𝘁 𝗰𝗲𝗻𝘁𝘂𝗿𝘆 𝗧𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘀𝗽𝗮𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗰𝘆, 𝗲𝗱𝘂𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻, 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗺𝗽𝗼𝗿𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗺𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗱𝗶𝗴𝗶𝘁𝗮𝗹 𝗿𝗲𝗶𝗻𝘃𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗖𝗵𝗶𝗲𝗳 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗰 𝗱𝗶𝗿𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿, 𝟮𝟬𝟬𝟮–𝟮𝟬𝟭𝟴 𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺 𝗔𝗯𝗯𝗮𝗱𝗼 𝘁𝗼 𝗥𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗹𝗲: 𝗮 𝗻𝗲𝘄 𝗾𝘂𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗳𝗼𝗿…

𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗠𝗘 𝗜 — 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟴 𝗗𝗲𝘁𝗺𝗼𝗹𝗱, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗶𝗿𝘀𝘁 𝗣𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗼 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗼, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗗 𝗠𝗮𝗷𝗼𝗿 𝗦𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗮𝗱𝗲, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗬𝗼𝘂𝗻𝗴 𝗠𝗮𝗻 𝗕𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗻 𝗚𝗿𝗶𝗲𝗳, 𝗙𝗿𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗱𝘀𝗵𝗶𝗽, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗠𝗮𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝟭𝟴𝟱𝟲–𝟭𝟴𝟱𝟴 Chapter 8…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗗𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗛 𝗢𝗙 𝗚𝗘𝗢𝗥𝗚𝗘 𝗙𝗥𝗜𝗗𝗘𝗥𝗜𝗖 𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗗𝗘𝗟 — 𝗔 𝗖𝗢𝗠𝗣𝗟𝗘𝗧𝗘 𝗡𝗔𝗥𝗥𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗩𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗔𝗟𝗬𝗦𝗜𝗦 𝗟𝗼𝗻𝗱𝗼𝗻, 𝟭𝟳𝟱𝟴–𝟭𝟳𝟱𝟵: 𝗯𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗱𝗻𝗲𝘀𝘀, 𝗲𝘅𝗵𝗮𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻, 𝗳𝗮𝗶𝘁𝗵, 𝗽𝘂𝗯𝗹𝗶𝗰 𝗿𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗹𝗮𝘀𝘁 𝘀𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗮 𝗺𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗺𝗼𝗻𝘂𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗜. 𝗟𝗼𝗻𝗱𝗼𝗻, 𝟭𝟳𝟱𝟴–𝟭𝟳𝟱𝟵 — 𝗔 𝗖𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗯𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗠𝗮𝗻 𝗜𝗻…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗔𝗦𝗧 𝟰𝟴 𝗛𝗢𝗨𝗥𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡 𝗦𝗘𝗕𝗔𝗦𝗧𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛 𝗔 𝗻𝗮𝗿𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝗿𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗿𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝗱𝗲𝗰𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲, 𝗯𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗱𝗻𝗲𝘀𝘀, 𝗳𝗮𝗶𝘁𝗵, 𝗳𝗮𝗺𝗶𝗹𝘆, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗳𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝘀𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗴𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗲𝘀𝘁 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗽𝘂𝗻𝘁𝗶𝘀𝘁 𝗶𝗻 𝗺𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰 𝗵𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝘆 𝗜. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗡𝗲𝗰𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗖𝗮𝘂𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: 𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗖𝗮𝗻 𝗮𝗻𝗱…

𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 — 𝗪𝗜𝗧𝗛𝗗𝗥𝗔𝗪𝗔𝗟 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗢𝗙 𝗦𝗔𝗬𝗜𝗡𝗚 𝗙𝗔𝗥𝗘𝗪𝗘𝗟𝗟 𝟭𝟴𝟵𝟯–𝟭𝟴𝟵𝟰 After the success and warm reception of the 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗲𝘁 𝗦𝗼𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗮𝘀, 𝗢𝗽. 𝟭𝟮𝟬, completed in 𝟭𝟴𝟵𝟰, 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝘀 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝗵𝗺𝘀 entered what would become one of the…

𝗘𝗿𝗻𝗲𝘀𝘁 𝗔𝗻𝘀𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗲𝘁: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗠𝗮𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗪𝗵𝗼 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗠𝗼𝗱𝗲𝗿𝗻 𝗢𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗜 – 𝗔 𝗦𝘄𝗶𝘀𝘀 𝗠𝗶𝗻𝗱 𝗙𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗲𝗱 𝗯𝘆 𝗡𝘂𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘀 𝗘𝗿𝗻𝗲𝘀𝘁 𝗔𝗹𝗲𝘅𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗿𝗲 𝗔𝗻𝘀𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗲𝘁 was born on 𝗡𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗿 𝟭𝟭, 𝟭𝟴𝟴𝟯, in 𝗩𝗲𝘃𝗲𝘆, Switzerland, and died on 𝗙𝗲𝗯𝗿𝘂𝗮𝗿𝘆…

# **𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗜𝗡 𝗦𝗪𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗗’𝗦 𝗕𝗜𝗢𝗚𝗥𝗔𝗣𝗛𝗬 - 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝟮𝟯 — 𝗪𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗡𝗼𝘁𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗬𝗼𝘂 𝗖𝗮𝗻 𝗖𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗡𝗼𝘁𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗴** **𝗗𝗼𝗻 𝗚𝗶𝗼𝘃𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗶, 𝗥𝗲𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗳, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗠𝗼𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗠𝗼𝘇𝗮𝗿𝘁** At the beginning of November 1787, Mozart wrote from Prague to his…

𝗞𝗜𝗥𝗦𝗧𝗘𝗡 𝗙𝗟𝗔𝗚𝗦𝗧𝗔𝗗: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗩𝗢𝗜𝗖𝗘 𝗧𝗛𝗔𝗧 𝗖𝗢𝗡𝗤𝗨𝗘𝗥𝗘𝗗 𝗪𝗔𝗚𝗡𝗘𝗥 𝗔 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗶𝗻 20 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀 1. 𝗕𝗼𝗿𝗻 𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗼 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰 Kirsten Malfrid Flagstad was born on 12 July 1895 in Hamar, Norway, and died on 7 December 1962…

𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗛𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗹 - 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟭𝟬: 𝗡𝗔𝗣𝗟𝗘𝗦, 𝗩𝗘𝗡𝗜𝗖𝗘, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗩𝗜𝗖𝗧𝗢𝗥𝗬 𝗢𝗙 𝗔𝗚𝗥𝗜𝗣𝗣𝗜𝗡𝗔 (𝟭𝟳𝟬𝟴–𝟭𝟳𝟭𝟬) If Rome had revealed to Handel that a city without opera could still become a place of musical glory, the…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗔𝗦𝗧 𝟰𝟴 𝗛𝗢𝗨𝗥𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗟𝗨𝗗𝗪𝗜𝗚 𝗩𝗔𝗡 𝗕𝗘𝗘𝗧𝗛𝗢𝗩𝗘𝗡 𝗜. 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗣𝗘𝗡𝗨𝗟𝗧𝗜𝗠𝗔𝗧𝗘 𝗠𝗢𝗥𝗡𝗜𝗡𝗚 — 𝗠𝗔𝗥𝗖𝗛 𝟮𝟰, 𝟭𝟴𝟮𝟳 The light that entered Beethoven’s room on the morning of 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗰𝗵 𝟮𝟰, 𝟭𝟴𝟮𝟳, was not the light of…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗡𝗜𝗚𝗛𝗧 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗖𝗢𝗟𝗟𝗔𝗣𝗦𝗘𝗗: 𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗗𝗜 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗙𝗔𝗠𝗜𝗟𝗬 𝗧𝗥𝗔𝗚𝗘𝗗𝗬 𝗧𝗛𝗔𝗧 𝗔𝗟𝗠𝗢𝗦𝗧 𝗦𝗜𝗟𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘𝗗 𝗛𝗜𝗠 𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗩𝗘𝗥 The great family tragedy of Giuseppe Verdi was not a single blow, but a devastating chain of losses concentrated within…

# **Beethoven- The Complete Piano Variations & Bagatelles - Ronald Brautigam ** [https://www.patreon.com/posts/beethoven-piano-145204790?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link](https://www.patreon.com/posts/beethoven-piano-145204790?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link) Beethoven’s piano variations form a parallel biography of the composer—one written not in letters or diaries, but at the keyboard itself.…

𝐂𝐇𝐎𝐏𝐈𝐍 𝐓𝐇𝐑𝐎𝐔𝐆𝐇 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐄𝐌𝐏𝐎𝐑𝐀𝐑𝐈𝐄𝐒 𝐅𝐑𝐈𝐄𝐍𝐃𝐒, 𝐋𝐎𝐕𝐄𝐑𝐒, 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐑𝐈𝐕𝐀𝐋𝐒 𝐁𝐘 𝐏𝐈𝐄𝐑𝐑𝐄 𝐇. 𝐀𝐙𝐎𝐔𝐑𝐘 𝐏𝐀𝐑𝐓 𝐈𝐈 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐏𝐀𝐑𝐈𝐒 𝐘𝐄𝐀𝐑𝐒, 𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟏–𝟏𝟖𝟒𝟗 𝐂𝐇𝐀𝐏𝐓𝐄𝐑 𝟏𝟎 — 𝐀 𝐓𝐄𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐑 𝐀𝐓𝐓𝐀𝐂𝐇𝐌𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐒𝐎𝐋𝐀𝐍𝐆𝐄 𝐒𝐀𝐍𝐃 When 𝐅𝐫𝐲𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐲𝐤 𝐂𝐡𝐨𝐩𝐢𝐧 became 𝐆𝐞𝐨𝐫𝐠𝐞 𝐒𝐚𝐧𝐝’s lover…

𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗦 𝗥𝗢𝗦𝗕𝗔𝗨𝗗 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝟭𝟱 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗘𝗦𝗧 𝗥𝗘𝗖𝗢𝗥𝗗𝗜𝗡𝗚𝗦 𝗛𝗮𝗻𝘀 𝗥𝗼𝘀𝗯𝗮𝘂𝗱 was one of the twentieth century’s most complete and least theatrical great conductors. His reputation rests largely on his advocacy of modern music, especially 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗲𝗻𝗯𝗲𝗿𝗴,…

𝗝𝗔𝗠𝗘𝗦 𝗟𝗘𝗩𝗜𝗡𝗘 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝟭𝟱 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗘𝗦𝗧 𝗥𝗘𝗖𝗢𝗥𝗗𝗜𝗡𝗚𝗦 James Levine left one of the largest and most varied recorded legacies of any American conductor. His discography encompasses Mozart, Verdi, Wagner, Puccini, Berlioz, Mahler, Brahms, Schumann,…

𝗦𝗘𝗜𝗝𝗜 𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗪𝗔 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝟭𝟱 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗘𝗦𝗧 𝗥𝗘𝗖𝗢𝗥𝗗𝗜𝗡𝗚𝗦 Seiji Ozawa was one of the most internationally influential conductors of the post-war era. His art united rhythmic precision, luminous orchestral colour, exceptional transparency and an instinctive…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗢𝗩𝗘 𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗔𝗜𝗥𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡𝗦 — 𝗥𝗨𝗣𝗘𝗥𝗧 𝗛𝗨𝗚𝗛𝗘𝗦 𝗘𝗗𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡, 𝗥𝗘𝗖𝗘𝗣𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡, 𝗖𝗥𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗟 𝗩𝗔𝗟𝗨𝗘, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗟𝗜𝗠𝗜𝗧𝗦 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗼𝘃𝗲 𝗔𝗳𝗳𝗮𝗶𝗿𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗚𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗮𝗻𝘀 was one of Rupert Hughes’s most characteristic music-biographical works: attractive, anecdotal, witty, morally…

𝐀𝐫𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐨 𝐁𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐝𝐞𝐭𝐭𝐢 𝐌𝐢𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐞𝐥𝐢: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐈𝐜𝐞 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐞 𝐎𝐟 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐢𝐚𝐧𝐨 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐏𝐞𝐫𝐟𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐋𝐞𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐝 There are pianists whose greatness lies in spontaneity, others in poetry, others in sheer power, and a very rare…

# **THE DEATH OF BEDŘICH SMETANA — A COMPLETE ANALYSIS** Bedřich Smetana’s death in 1884 stands among the most tragic and complex in the history of music. Unlike the peaceful departures of Verdi or…

# **The Final Days and Burial of Antonio Vivaldi** Vivaldi probably moved to Vienna with the intention of staging operas, especially because he settled near the Kärntnertortheater, one of the city’s main venues. However,…