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𝗠𝗔𝗛𝗟𝗘𝗥 𝗝𝗢𝗦𝗘 𝗟𝗨𝗜𝗦 𝗣𝗘𝗥𝗘𝗭 𝗗𝗘 𝗔𝗥𝗧𝗘𝗔𝗚𝗔 𝗣𝗢𝗦𝗧 𝟮 𝗔 𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗿 𝗶𝗻 𝗘𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝗟𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗕𝗼𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗶𝗻 𝗔𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗮, 𝗔𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗔𝗺𝗼𝗻𝗴 𝗚𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻𝘀, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗝𝗲𝘄𝗶𝘀𝗵 𝗧𝗵𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗴𝗵𝗼𝘂𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗹𝗱 Long before 𝗚𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗮𝘃 𝗠𝗮𝗵𝗹𝗲𝗿 became a celebrated conductor or began…

𝗥𝗜𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗥𝗗 𝗪𝗔𝗚𝗡𝗘𝗥 — 𝗗𝗔𝗦 𝗥𝗛𝗘𝗜𝗡𝗚𝗢𝗟𝗗 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁 𝘃𝗼𝗻 𝗞𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗷𝗮𝗻 — 𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗺 𝗩𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻, 𝟭𝟵𝟳𝟴 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝗱𝗶𝗿𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿 — Herbert von Karajan 𝗢𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮 — Berliner Philharmoniker 𝗖𝗔𝗦𝗧 𝗪𝗼𝘁𝗮𝗻 — Thomas Stewart 𝗙𝗿𝗶𝗰𝗸𝗮 — Brigitte Fassbaender 𝗟𝗼𝗴𝗲…

𝗥𝗜𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗥𝗗 𝗪𝗔𝗚𝗡𝗘𝗥 — 𝗧𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗛Ä𝗨𝗦𝗘𝗥 𝗕𝗮𝘆𝗿𝗲𝘂𝘁𝗵 𝗙𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗮𝗹, 𝟭𝟵𝟳𝟴 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿: Sir Colin Davis 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝗱𝗶𝗿𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿: Götz Friedrich 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗰𝗼𝘀𝘁𝘂𝗺𝗲 𝗱𝗲𝘀𝗶𝗴𝗻: Jürgen Rose 𝗖𝗵𝗼𝗿𝘂𝘀 𝗺𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿: Norbert Balatsch 𝗖𝗔𝗦𝗧 𝗧𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗵ä𝘂𝘀𝗲𝗿 — Spas Wenkoff 𝗘𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗮𝗯𝗲𝘁𝗵 — Gwyneth Jones…

𝗪𝗢𝗟𝗙𝗚𝗔𝗡𝗚 𝗦𝗔𝗪𝗔𝗟𝗟𝗜𝗦𝗖𝗛 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝟭𝟱 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗘𝗦𝗧 𝗥𝗘𝗖𝗢𝗥𝗗𝗜𝗡𝗚𝗦 Wolfgang Sawallisch represented one of the last great manifestations of the traditional German Kapellmeister: a conductor whose authority was founded not upon personal exhibitionism, but upon complete…

𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘇 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘇𝘁 𝗕𝘆 𝗝𝗮𝗺𝗲𝘀 𝗛𝘂𝗻𝗲𝗸𝗲𝗿 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗜 — 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘇𝘁: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗥𝗲𝗮𝗹 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗟𝗲𝗴𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗣𝗼𝘀𝘁 𝟭𝟬 — 𝗪𝗲𝗶𝗺𝗮𝗿 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗔𝗹𝘁𝗲𝗻𝗯𝘂𝗿𝗴 The Weimar years were the great turning point of 𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘇 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘇𝘁’𝘀 maturity. Until then,…

𝗘𝗨𝗚𝗘𝗡 𝗝𝗢𝗖𝗛𝗨𝗠 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝟭𝟱 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗘𝗦𝗧 𝗥𝗘𝗖𝗢𝗥𝗗𝗜𝗡𝗚𝗦 Eugen Jochum is remembered above all as one of the supreme Bruckner conductors of the twentieth century, but that description captures only part of his achievement. His…

# 𝗥𝗢𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗧 𝗦𝗖𝗛𝗨𝗠𝗔𝗡𝗡 𝗜𝗡 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 — 𝗙𝗥𝗢𝗠 𝗬𝗢𝗨𝗧𝗛𝗙𝗨𝗟 𝗗𝗜𝗦𝗖𝗜𝗣𝗟𝗘 𝗧𝗢 𝗖𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗩𝗘 𝗛𝗘𝗜𝗥 The influence of **𝗥𝗼𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝘂𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗻** on **𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝘀 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝗵𝗺𝘀** was profound, but it cannot be reduced to direct imitation.…

# 𝗪𝗵𝗲𝗻 𝗚𝗲𝗻𝗶𝘂𝘀 𝗞𝗻𝗼𝗰𝗸𝗲𝗱 𝗮𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗗𝗼𝗼𝗿 — 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗶𝗿𝘀𝘁 𝗠𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗼𝗳 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝘀 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝗵𝗺𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗥𝗼𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝘂𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗻 Few encounters in the history of Western music produced consequences as immediate and far-reaching as the first…

𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗶𝘁 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘀𝘂𝗯𝘀𝗲𝗾𝘂𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗹𝗶𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗽𝗵 𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗰𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻, 𝗶𝗻 𝗚𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻, 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗱𝘀: “𝗪𝗼𝗹𝗳𝗴𝗮𝗻𝗴 𝗔𝗺𝗮𝗱𝗲𝘂𝘀 𝗠𝗼𝘇𝗮𝗿𝘁 𝗮𝘀 𝗮 𝘀𝗶𝘅-𝘆𝗲𝗮𝗿-𝗼𝗹𝗱 𝗯𝗼𝘆.”

Italian composer and conductor 𝗩𝗶𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿 𝗱𝗲 𝗦𝗮𝗯𝗮𝘁𝗮 (top right) enjoys himself during a rehearsal with German conductor 𝗖𝗮𝗿𝗹 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝘂𝗿𝗶𝗰𝗵𝘁 (below, centre), photographed in August 1941 at the Lucerne Festival.

𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝘀𝗼-𝗰𝗮𝗹𝗹𝗲𝗱 ‘𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗿𝗮𝗱𝗲𝘀𝗵𝗶𝗽 𝗘𝘃𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴’ 𝗯𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗘𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗵 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗚𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻 𝗽𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗺𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗰 𝗼𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮𝘀, 𝗟𝗼𝗻𝗱𝗼𝗻, 𝟭𝟵𝟯𝟲 (𝗯/𝘄 𝗽𝗵𝗼𝘁𝗼) From left to right: 𝗖𝗮𝗿𝗹 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝘂𝗿𝗶𝗰𝗵𝘁 (1880–1967) was a German conductor; 𝗧𝗵𝗼𝗺𝗮𝘀 𝗕𝗲𝗲𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗺 (1879–1961) was a British conductor; 𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗵𝗲𝗹𝗺…

Conductor 𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗵𝗲𝗹𝗺 𝗙𝘂𝗿𝘁𝘄𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗲𝗿 (center), 𝗛𝗮𝗻𝘀 𝗣𝗳𝗶𝘁𝘇𝗻𝗲𝗿 (second from the right), and German Reich Minister 𝗪𝗮𝗹𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗙𝘂𝗻𝗸 (right) at a reception at the Hotel Adlon in Berlin.

𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗵𝗲𝗹𝗺 𝗙𝘂𝗿𝘁𝘄𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗲𝗿, 𝗚𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿, 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗵𝗶𝘀 𝗳𝗶𝗿𝘀𝘁 𝘄𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗭𝗶𝘁𝗹𝗮, 𝟭𝟵𝟯𝟰. 𝗭𝗶𝘁𝗹𝗮 𝗟𝘂𝗻𝗱 was the first Danish wife of 𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗵𝗲𝗹𝗺 𝗙𝘂𝗿𝘁𝘄𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗲𝗿. They married in 1923, and the marriage produced no children. The relationship deteriorated relatively…

𝗔𝗗𝗢𝗟𝗙 𝗙𝗨𝗥𝗧𝗪𝗔𝗡𝗚𝗟𝗘𝗥 — 𝗔𝗥𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗘𝗢𝗟𝗢𝗚𝗜𝗦𝗧, 𝗦𝗖𝗛𝗢𝗟𝗔𝗥 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗙𝗔𝗧𝗛𝗘𝗥 𝗢𝗙 𝗔 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗟 𝗗𝗬𝗡𝗔𝗦𝗧𝗬 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻 𝗠𝗶𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗲𝗹 𝗔𝗱𝗼𝗹𝗳 𝗙𝘂𝗿𝘁𝘄𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗲𝗿 was born in Freiburg im Breisgau on 30 June 1853. He became one of the leading German classical archaeologists…

𝗔𝗡𝗗𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗦 𝗙𝗨𝗥𝗧𝗪𝗔𝗡𝗚𝗟𝗘𝗥 — 𝗙𝗥𝗢𝗠 𝗔 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗟 𝗗𝗬𝗡𝗔𝗦𝗧𝗬 𝗧𝗢 𝗖𝗟𝗔𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗟 𝗔𝗥𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗘𝗢𝗟𝗢𝗚𝗬 𝗔𝗻𝗱𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘀 𝗘𝗿𝗻𝘀𝘁 𝗚𝗼𝘁𝘁𝗳𝗿𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗙𝘂𝗿𝘁𝘄𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗲𝗿 was born in Zurich on 11 November 1944. He was the only son of the conductor 𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗵𝗲𝗹𝗺 𝗙𝘂𝗿𝘁𝘄𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗲𝗿 and his…

𝗧𝗛𝗥𝗘𝗘 𝗚𝗘𝗡𝗘𝗥𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗙𝗨𝗥𝗧𝗪𝗔𝗡𝗚𝗟𝗘𝗥 𝗙𝗔𝗠𝗜𝗟𝗬 𝗘𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗮𝗯𝗲𝘁𝗵 𝗙𝘂𝗿𝘁𝘄𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗲𝗿 (1910–2013) was a German writer and the second wife of the celebrated conductor 𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗵𝗲𝗹𝗺 𝗙𝘂𝗿𝘁𝘄𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗲𝗿. Born 𝗘𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗮𝗯𝗲𝘁𝗵 𝗔𝗹𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁, she had previously been married to 𝗛𝗮𝗻𝘀 𝗔𝗰𝗸𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗻…

𝗦𝘂𝗰𝗰𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗳𝘂𝗹 𝗔𝗽𝗽𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗚𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻 𝗔𝗿𝘁𝗶𝘀𝘁𝘀 𝗮𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝟭𝟵𝟱𝟳 𝗣𝗿𝗮𝗴𝘂𝗲 𝗦𝗽𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗙𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗮𝗹 During the 𝟭𝟵𝟱𝟳 𝗣𝗿𝗮𝗴𝘂𝗲 𝗦𝗽𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰 𝗙𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗮𝗹, 𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘇 𝗞𝗼𝗻𝘄𝗶𝘁𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗻𝘆 conducted the 𝗣𝗿𝗮𝗴𝘂𝗲 𝗥𝗮𝗱𝗶𝗼 𝗦𝘆𝗺𝗽𝗵𝗼𝗻𝘆 𝗢𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮 in a concert that achieved great success.…

𝗩𝗲𝗿𝗱𝗶 - 𝗥𝗶𝗴𝗼𝗹𝗲𝘁𝘁𝗼 - 𝗙𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗰 𝗙𝗿𝗶𝗰𝘀𝗮𝘆 - 𝗦𝘂𝗻𝗴 𝗶𝗻 𝗚𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻 https://www.patreon.com/ClassicMusicComposersGroup/posts/verdi-rigoletto-163224348?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link

𝗕𝗶𝘇𝗲𝘁 : 𝗖𝗮𝗿𝗺𝗲𝗻 (𝗟𝘂𝗱𝘄𝗶𝗴 - 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗰𝗸 - 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝘇𝗲𝗹𝘆 - 𝗣𝗿𝗲𝘆) - 𝗛𝗼𝗿𝘀𝘁 𝗦𝘁𝗲𝗶𝗻 - Sung in German https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5DbcrlpUrIs&list=PLKYRqrKiVhgqn9-4WTjcej1BRcKuVEM5e&index=1 𝗖𝗵𝗿𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗮 𝗟𝘂𝗱𝘄𝗶𝗴 (Carmen) 𝗥𝘂𝗱𝗼𝗹𝗳 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗰𝗸 (Don José) 𝗠𝗲𝗹𝗶𝘁𝘁𝗮 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝘇𝗲𝗹𝘆 (Micaëla) 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗻 𝗣𝗿𝗲𝘆 (Escamillo) 𝗨𝗿𝘀𝘂𝗹𝗮 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗶𝗿𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗿 (Frasquita)…

𝗥𝗼𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗻𝗶 - 𝗜𝗹 𝗕𝗮𝗿𝗯𝗶𝗲𝗿𝗲 𝗱𝗶 𝗦𝗶𝘃𝗶𝗴𝗹𝗶𝗮 (𝗕𝗲𝗿𝗴𝗮𝗻𝘇𝗮 - 𝗔𝗹𝘃𝗮 - 𝗣𝗿𝗲𝘆 - 𝗗𝗮𝗿𝗮) 𝗔𝗯𝗯𝗮𝗱𝗼 - 1972 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4j_1dO4bxmI 𝗧𝗲𝗿𝗲𝘀𝗮 𝗕𝗲𝗿𝗴𝗮𝗻𝘇𝗮 (Rosina) 𝗟𝘂𝗶𝗴𝗶 𝗔𝗹𝘃𝗮 (Il Conte d'Almaviva) 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗻 𝗣𝗿𝗲𝘆 (Figaro) 𝗘𝗻𝘇𝗼 𝗗𝗮𝗿𝗮 (Bartolo) 𝗣𝗮𝗼𝗹𝗼 𝗠𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗿𝘀𝗼𝗹𝗼 (Basilio)…

𝗣𝘂𝗰𝗰𝗶𝗻𝗶 - 𝗟𝗮 𝗕𝗼𝗵è𝗺𝗲 (𝗟𝗼𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗴𝗮𝗿 - 𝗞𝗼𝗻𝘆𝗮 - 𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗲𝗶𝗰𝗵 - 𝗙𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗿-𝗗𝗶𝗲𝘀𝗸𝗮𝘂) 𝗔𝗹𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗼 𝗘𝗿𝗲𝗱𝗲 - SUNG IN GERMAN https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P6LZYd-ZYFE&list=OLAK5uy_nVRn_G3rp5ntDNukhW93W4OPkubQH22G0&index=1 𝗣𝗶𝗹𝗮𝗿 𝗟𝗼𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗴𝗮𝗿 (Mimi) 𝗦á𝗻𝗱𝗼𝗿 𝗞ó𝗻𝘆𝗮 (Rodolfo) 𝗥𝗶𝘁𝗮 𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗲𝗶𝗰𝗵 (Musetta) 𝗗𝗶𝗲𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗰𝗵 𝗙𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗿-𝗗𝗶𝗲𝘀𝗸𝗮𝘂 (Marcello) 𝗞𝗹𝗮𝘂𝘀 𝗕𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗺 (Colline) 𝗛𝗼𝗿𝘀𝘁…

𝗥𝗶𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗱 𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗮𝘂𝘀𝘀 — Arabella - 𝗪𝗼𝗹𝗳𝗴𝗮𝗻𝗴 𝗦𝗮𝘄𝗮𝗹𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗵 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wK0NF6iiG0s 𝗝𝘂𝗹𝗶𝗮 𝗩𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗱𝘆 — Arabella 𝗛𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗻 𝗗𝗼𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗵 — Zdenka 𝗗𝗶𝗲𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗰𝗵 𝗙𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗿-𝗗𝗶𝗲𝘀𝗸𝗮𝘂 — Mandryka 𝗔𝗱𝗼𝗹𝗳 𝗗𝗮𝗹𝗹𝗮𝗽𝗼𝘇𝘇𝗮 — Matteo 𝗪𝗮𝗹𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗕𝗲𝗿𝗿𝘆 — Graf Waldner 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗻 𝗕𝗲𝗰𝗵𝘁 — Graf Lamoral…

Switzerland Conductor Hermann Scherchen with Felix Weingartner, 1940

𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗦 𝗣𝗙𝗜𝗧𝗭𝗡𝗘𝗥 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗔𝗧𝗘 𝗥𝗢𝗠𝗔𝗡𝗧𝗜𝗖 𝗜𝗡 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗠𝗢𝗗𝗘𝗥𝗡 𝗔𝗚𝗘 𝗛𝗮𝗻𝘀 𝗣𝗳𝗶𝘁𝘇𝗻𝗲𝗿 was born in 𝗠𝗼𝘀𝗰𝗼𝘄 in 𝟭𝟴𝟲𝟵, the son of German parents, and received his musical training in 𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗸𝗳𝘂𝗿𝘁. He was a composer,…