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𝐌𝐀𝐔𝐑𝐈𝐂𝐄 𝐑𝐀𝐕𝐄𝐋 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐅𝐎𝐑𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐆 𝐎𝐅 𝐀 𝐌𝐎𝐃𝐄𝐑𝐍 𝐌𝐀𝐒𝐓𝐄𝐑: 𝐅𝐑𝐎𝐌 𝐁𝐀𝐒𝐐𝐔𝐄 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃𝐇𝐎𝐎𝐃 𝐓𝐎 𝐏𝐀𝐑𝐈𝐒𝐈𝐀𝐍 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐒𝐓 (1875–1905) 𝐈. 𝐁𝐈𝐑𝐓𝐇 𝐎𝐅 𝐀 𝐂𝐎𝐒𝐌𝐎𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐈𝐓𝐀𝐍 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃 (1875–1889) 𝐌𝐚𝐮𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐞 𝐑𝐚𝐯𝐞𝐥 (1875–1937) was born on 7 March 1875 in Ciboure,…

𝐂𝐇𝐀𝐑𝐋𝐄𝐒-𝐕𝐀𝐋𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐍 𝐀𝐋𝐊𝐀𝐍 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐘𝐒𝐓𝐄𝐑𝐈𝐎𝐔𝐒 𝐓𝐈𝐓𝐀𝐍 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐏𝐈𝐀𝐍𝐎: 𝐆𝐄𝐍𝐈𝐔𝐒, 𝐈𝐒𝐎𝐋𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐋𝐄𝐆𝐄𝐍𝐃 𝐈. 𝐁𝐈𝐑𝐓𝐇 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐄𝐀𝐑𝐋𝐘 𝐏𝐑𝐎𝐃𝐈𝐆𝐘 (1813–1826) 𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐥𝐞𝐬-𝐕𝐚𝐥𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐧 𝐀𝐥𝐤𝐚𝐧 (1813–1888) was born on 30 November 1813 in Paris, into a Jewish musical…

𝐋𝐄𝐎𝐒 𝐉𝐀𝐍𝐀𝐂𝐄𝐊 — 𝐅𝐑𝐎𝐌 𝐌𝐎𝐑𝐀𝐕𝐈𝐀𝐍 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃 𝐓𝐎 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐑𝐄𝐁𝐄𝐋: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐅𝐎𝐑𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐆 𝐎𝐅 𝐀 𝐆𝐄𝐍𝐈𝐔𝐒 (1854–1888) 𝐈. 𝐁𝐈𝐑𝐓𝐇 𝐈𝐍 𝐀 𝐌𝐎𝐑𝐀𝐕𝐈𝐀𝐍 𝐕𝐈𝐋𝐋𝐀𝐆𝐄 (1854–1865) 𝐋𝐞𝐨𝐬 𝐉𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐜𝐞𝐤 (1854–1928) was born on 3 July 1854 in Hukvaldy, Moravia…

𝑍𝑂𝐿𝑇𝐴𝑁 𝐾𝑂𝐷𝐴𝐿𝑌 — 𝑇𝐻𝐸 𝑆𝑂𝑈𝐿 𝑂𝐹 𝐻𝑈𝑁𝐺𝐴𝑅𝑌: 𝐹𝑂𝐿𝐾, 𝐹𝐼𝑅𝐸 𝐴𝑁𝐷 𝑇𝐻𝐸 𝐸𝐷𝑈𝐶𝐴𝑇𝐼𝑂𝑁 𝑅𝐸𝑉𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑇𝐼𝑂𝑁 𝐈. 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃𝐇𝐎𝐎𝐃 𝐈𝐍 𝐀 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐑𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐖𝐀𝐘 𝐖𝐎𝐑𝐋𝐃 (1882–1900) 𝐙𝐨𝐥𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝐊𝐨𝐝𝐚𝐥𝐲 (1882–1967) was born on 16 December 1882 in Kecskemét, Hungary, into…

𝐀𝐍𝐓𝐀𝐋 𝐃𝐎𝐑𝐀𝐓𝐈 — 𝐅𝐑𝐎𝐌 𝐁𝐔𝐃𝐀𝐏𝐄𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐑𝐎𝐃𝐈𝐆𝐘 𝐓𝐎 𝐁𝐀𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓 𝐅𝐈𝐑𝐄𝐁𝐑𝐀𝐍𝐃: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐅𝐎𝐑𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐆 𝐎𝐅 𝐀 𝐌𝐀𝐄𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐎 (𝟏𝟗𝟎𝟔–𝟏𝟗𝟑𝟎) 𝐀 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐁𝐔𝐃𝐀𝐏𝐄𝐒𝐓 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐌𝐈𝐋𝐈𝐄𝐔 (𝟏𝟗𝟎𝟔–𝟏𝟗𝟏𝟒) 𝐀𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐃𝐨𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢 (1906–1988) was born on 9 April 1906 in Budapest,…

𝐁𝐄𝐋𝐀 𝐁𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐎𝐊 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐅𝐑𝐈𝐓𝐙 𝐑𝐄𝐈𝐍𝐄𝐑 — 𝐀 𝐅𝐑𝐈𝐄𝐍𝐃𝐒𝐇𝐈𝐏 𝐎𝐅 𝐈𝐑𝐎𝐍 𝐖𝐈𝐋𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐏𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐈𝐒𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐈. 𝐁𝐔𝐃𝐀𝐏𝐄𝐒𝐓 𝐁𝐄𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐍𝐈𝐍𝐆𝐒 — 𝐓𝐖𝐎 𝐘𝐎𝐔𝐍𝐆 𝐌𝐄𝐍 𝐈𝐍 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐋𝐈𝐒𝐙𝐓 𝐀𝐂𝐀𝐃𝐄𝐌𝐘 (𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟎𝐬) The relationship between 𝐁𝐞𝐥𝐚 𝐁𝐚𝐫𝐭𝐨𝐤 (1881–1945) and 𝐅𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐳…

𝐒𝐀𝐌𝐔𝐈𝐋 𝐒𝐀𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐔𝐃 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐅𝐈𝐄𝐑𝐘 𝐌𝐀𝐄𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐎 𝐎𝐅 𝐒𝐎𝐕𝐈𝐄𝐓 𝐏𝐑𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐄𝐑𝐄𝐒: 𝐅𝐑𝐎𝐌 𝐎𝐃𝐄𝐒𝐒𝐀 𝐓𝐎 𝐒𝐇𝐎𝐒𝐓𝐀𝐊𝐎𝐕𝐈𝐂𝐇’𝐒 𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐔𝐌𝐏𝐇 (𝟏𝟖𝟖𝟒–𝟏𝟗𝟔𝟒) 𝐄𝐀𝐑𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 𝐈𝐍 𝐎𝐃𝐄𝐒𝐒𝐀 (𝟏𝟖𝟖𝟒–𝟏𝟗𝟎𝟑) 𝐒𝐚𝐦𝐮𝐢𝐥 𝐀𝐛𝐫𝐚𝐦𝐨𝐯𝐢𝐜𝐡 𝐒𝐚𝐦𝐨𝐬𝐮𝐝 (1884–1964) was born on 14 May 1884 in Odessa, then part…

𝐑𝐎𝐁𝐄𝐑𝐓 𝐊𝐀𝐉𝐀𝐍𝐔𝐒 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐀𝐑𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐓𝐄𝐂𝐓 𝐎𝐅 𝐅𝐈𝐍𝐍𝐈𝐒𝐇 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂: 𝐌𝐀𝐒𝐓𝐄𝐑𝐒, 𝐃𝐈𝐒𝐂𝐈𝐏𝐋𝐄𝐒 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐑𝐈𝐒𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐀 𝐍𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 (𝟏𝟖𝟓𝟔–𝟏𝟗𝟑𝟑) 𝐀 𝐘𝐎𝐔𝐍𝐆 𝐅𝐈𝐍𝐍 𝐋𝐎𝐎𝐊𝐈𝐍𝐆 𝐓𝐎 𝐄𝐔𝐑𝐎𝐏𝐄 When 𝐑𝐨𝐛𝐞𝐫𝐭 𝐊𝐚𝐣𝐚𝐧𝐮𝐬 (1856–1933) was born in Helsingfors on 2 December…

𝐑𝐈𝐂𝐇𝐀𝐑𝐃 𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐔𝐒𝐒 — 𝐅𝐑𝐎𝐌 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐒𝐄𝐑𝐕𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐕𝐄 𝐏𝐑𝐎𝐃𝐈𝐆𝐘 𝐓𝐎 𝐒𝐘𝐌𝐏𝐇𝐎𝐍𝐈𝐂 𝐑𝐄𝐕𝐎𝐋𝐔𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐀𝐑𝐘 (𝟏𝟖𝟔𝟒–𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟔) 𝐈. 𝐌𝐔𝐍𝐈𝐂𝐇 𝐎𝐑𝐈𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐒 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐀 𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐂𝐓 𝐅𝐀𝐓𝐇𝐄𝐑 (𝟏𝟖𝟔𝟒–𝟏𝟖𝟖𝟎) 𝐑𝐢𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐆𝐞𝐨𝐫𝐠 𝐒𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐮𝐬𝐬 (1864–1949) was born on 11 June 1864 in Munich, into a deeply musical…

𝐒𝐈𝐑 𝐄𝐃𝐖𝐀𝐑𝐃 𝐄𝐋𝐆𝐀𝐑 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐕𝐎𝐈𝐂𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐄𝐃𝐖𝐀𝐑𝐃𝐈𝐀𝐍 𝐄𝐍𝐆𝐋𝐀𝐍𝐃: 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄, 𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐔𝐆𝐆𝐋𝐄 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐔𝐌𝐏𝐇 (𝟏𝟖𝟓𝟕–𝟏𝟗𝟑𝟒) 𝐈. 𝐇𝐔𝐌𝐁𝐋𝐄 𝐎𝐑𝐈𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐖𝐎𝐑𝐂𝐄𝐒𝐓𝐄𝐑𝐒𝐇𝐈𝐑𝐄 (𝟏𝟖𝟓𝟕–𝟏𝟖𝟕𝟎𝐬) 𝐒𝐢𝐫 𝐄𝐝𝐰𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐖𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐚𝐦 𝐄𝐥𝐠𝐚𝐫 (𝟏𝟖𝟓𝟕–𝟏𝟗𝟑𝟒) was born on 2 June 1857 in Lower Broadheath,…

𝐋𝐄𝐎𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐃 𝐒𝐓𝐎𝐊𝐎𝐖𝐒𝐊𝐈 — 𝐅𝐑𝐎𝐌 𝐋𝐎𝐍𝐃𝐎𝐍 𝐎𝐑𝐆𝐀𝐍 𝐋𝐎𝐅𝐓 𝐓𝐎 𝐀𝐌𝐄𝐑𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐍 𝐌𝐀𝐄𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐎: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐑𝐈𝐒𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐀 𝐏𝐎𝐃𝐈𝐔𝐌 𝐌𝐘𝐓𝐇 𝐈. 𝐀 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐈𝐒𝐇-𝐁𝐑𝐈𝐓𝐈𝐒𝐇 𝐁𝐎𝐘 𝐖𝐈𝐓𝐇 𝐁𝐈𝐆 𝐀𝐌𝐁𝐈𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 (𝟏𝟖𝟖𝟐–𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟔) 𝐋𝐞𝐨𝐩𝐨𝐥𝐝 𝐀𝐧𝐭𝐨𝐧 𝐒𝐭𝐨𝐤𝐨𝐰𝐬𝐤𝐢 (𝟏𝟖𝟖𝟐–𝟏𝟗𝟕𝟕) was born on 18 April 1882…

𝐂𝐄𝐒𝐀𝐑 𝐅𝐑𝐀𝐍𝐂𝐊 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐘𝐒𝐓𝐈𝐂 𝐀𝐑𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐓𝐄𝐂𝐓 𝐎𝐅 𝐅𝐑𝐄𝐍𝐂𝐇 𝐒𝐘𝐌𝐏𝐇𝐎𝐍𝐈𝐂 𝐑𝐎𝐌𝐀𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐈𝐒𝐌 (𝟏𝟖𝟐𝟐–𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟎) 𝐈. 𝐀 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃 𝐁𝐄𝐓𝐖𝐄𝐄𝐍 𝐍𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 (𝟏𝟖𝟐𝟐–𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟓) 𝐂𝐞𝐬𝐚𝐫 𝐀𝐮𝐠𝐮𝐬𝐭𝐞 𝐅𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐤 (𝟏𝟖𝟐𝟐–𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟎) was born on 10 December 1822 in Liège, then part of the United…

𝐘𝐄𝐕𝐆𝐄𝐍𝐘 𝐒𝐕𝐄𝐓𝐋𝐀𝐍𝐎𝐕 — 𝐅𝐈𝐑𝐄, 𝐅𝐀𝐓𝐄 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐒𝐎𝐔𝐋 𝐎𝐅 𝐑𝐔𝐒𝐒𝐈𝐀: 𝐀𝐍𝐄𝐂𝐃𝐎𝐓𝐄𝐒 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐔𝐑𝐈𝐎𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐈𝐄𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐂𝐇𝐑𝐎𝐍𝐎𝐋𝐎𝐆𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐎𝐑𝐃𝐄𝐑 𝐈. 𝐀 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐁𝐎𝐋𝐒𝐇𝐎𝐈 (𝟏𝟗𝟐𝟖–𝟏𝟗𝟒𝟎𝐬) 𝐘𝐞𝐯𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐲 𝐅𝐞𝐝𝐨𝐫𝐨𝐯𝐢𝐜𝐡 𝐒𝐯𝐞𝐭𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐨𝐯 (𝟏𝟗𝟐𝟖–𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟐) was born on 6 September 1928 in…

𝐄𝐃𝐎𝐔𝐀𝐑𝐃 𝐋𝐀𝐋𝐎: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐒𝐎𝐋𝐈𝐓𝐀𝐑𝐘 𝐅𝐎𝐑𝐆𝐄𝐑 𝐎𝐅 𝐅𝐑𝐄𝐍𝐂𝐇 𝐎𝐑𝐂𝐇𝐄𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐋 𝐑𝐄𝐍𝐄𝐖𝐀𝐋 — 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄, 𝐋𝐎𝐕𝐄, 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐀 𝐋𝐀𝐓𝐄 𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐔𝐌𝐏𝐇 (𝟏𝟖𝟐𝟑–𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟐) 𝐈. 𝐀 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃 𝐁𝐄𝐓𝐖𝐄𝐄𝐍 𝐂𝐔𝐋𝐓𝐔𝐑𝐄𝐒: 𝐋𝐈𝐋𝐋𝐄 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐅𝐀𝐌𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐑𝐎𝐎𝐓𝐒 (𝟏𝟖𝟐𝟑–𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟗) 𝐄𝐝𝐨𝐮𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐋𝐚𝐥𝐨 was born on 𝐁𝐨𝐥𝐝 𝐔𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐨𝐝𝐞:…

𝐂𝐋𝐀𝐔𝐃𝐄 𝐃𝐄𝐁𝐔𝐒𝐒𝐘: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐑𝐄𝐁𝐄𝐋 𝐀𝐓 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐏𝐈𝐀𝐍𝐎 — 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐓𝐄𝐀𝐂𝐇𝐄𝐑𝐒, 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐏𝐔𝐏𝐈𝐋𝐒, 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐄𝐗𝐏𝐋𝐎𝐒𝐈𝐕𝐄 𝐁𝐈𝐑𝐓𝐇 𝐎𝐅 𝐀 𝐍𝐄𝐖 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂 (𝟏𝟖𝟔𝟐–𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟒) 𝐈. 𝐀 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃 𝐎𝐔𝐓𝐒𝐈𝐃𝐄 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐒𝐘𝐒𝐓𝐄𝐌 (𝟏𝟖𝟔𝟐–𝟏𝟖𝟕𝟐) 𝐂𝐥𝐚𝐮𝐝𝐞 𝐀𝐜𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐞 𝐃𝐞𝐛𝐮𝐬𝐬𝐲 was born on…

𝗦𝗜𝗥 𝗛𝗘𝗡𝗥𝗬 𝗪𝗢𝗢𝗗 (1869–1944) — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗔𝗥𝗖𝗛𝗜𝗧𝗘𝗖𝗧 𝗢𝗙 𝗠𝗢𝗗𝗘𝗥𝗡 𝗕𝗥𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗦𝗛 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗟 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗘𝗔𝗥𝗟𝗬 𝗬𝗘𝗔𝗥𝗦 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗠𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 (1869–1894) Sir Henry Joseph Wood was born in London on 3 March 1869, into a musically inclined family.…

𝗚𝗘𝗢𝗥𝗚𝗘 𝗦𝗭𝗘𝗟𝗟 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗥𝗜𝗦𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗔𝗡 𝗜𝗥𝗢𝗡 𝗠𝗔𝗘𝗦𝗧𝗥𝗢 The early career of 𝗚𝗲𝗼𝗿𝗴𝗲 𝗦𝘇𝗲𝗹𝗹 (1897–1970) reads less like the meteoric story of a flamboyant prodigy and more like the steady forging of one…

𝗠𝗶𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗲𝗹 𝗧𝗶𝗹𝘀𝗼𝗻 𝗧𝗵𝗼𝗺𝗮𝘀 (1944– ) 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗟𝗲𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗿𝗱 𝗕𝗲𝗿𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗶𝗻 (1918–1990) shared one of the most significant mentor–protégé relationships in late 20th-century American conducting. Their connection began at Tanglewood in 1969, when the young Tilson Thomas…

𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗦 𝗥𝗢𝗦𝗕𝗔𝗨𝗗 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗖𝗢𝗡𝗗𝗨𝗖𝗧𝗢𝗥 𝗢𝗙 𝗠𝗢𝗗𝗘𝗥𝗡𝗜𝗧𝗬 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗖𝗟𝗔𝗥𝗜𝗧𝗬 𝗘𝗔𝗥𝗟𝗬 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗟 𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗠𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 (1895–1920) Hans Rosbaud was born on July 22, 1895, in Graz, Austria, into a musically cultivated family. His father was…

𝗠𝗜𝗧𝗥𝗢𝗣𝗢𝗨𝗟𝗢𝗦 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗡𝗦𝗧𝗘𝗜𝗡 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗧𝗢𝗥𝗦𝗛𝗜𝗣 𝗧𝗛𝗔𝗧 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗚𝗘𝗗 𝗔𝗠𝗘𝗥𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗡 𝗖𝗢𝗡𝗗𝗨𝗖𝗧𝗜𝗡𝗚 𝗗𝗶𝗺𝗶𝘁𝗿𝗶 𝗠𝗶𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗽𝗼𝘂𝗹𝗼𝘀 (1896–1960) was indeed a crucial mentor figure for 𝗟𝗲𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗿𝗱 𝗕𝗲𝗿𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗶𝗻 (1918–1990), though their bond never followed the formal path of teacher and…

𝗥𝗔𝗙𝗔𝗘𝗟 𝗞𝗨𝗕𝗘𝗟𝗜𝗞 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗘𝗫𝗜𝗟𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗘𝗦𝗧𝗥𝗢: 𝗔 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗜𝗡𝗧𝗘𝗚𝗥𝗜𝗧𝗬, 𝗙𝗜𝗥𝗘, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗟 𝗧𝗥𝗨𝗧𝗛 𝗣𝗥𝗔𝗚𝗨𝗘 𝗢𝗥𝗜𝗚𝗜𝗡𝗦 (𝟭𝟵𝟭𝟰–𝟭𝟵𝟯𝟵) Rafael Kubelík was born on June 29, 1914, in Býchory near Prague, into one of the most…

𝗡𝗜𝗞𝗢𝗟𝗔𝗜 𝗥𝗜𝗠𝗦𝗞𝗬-𝗞𝗢𝗥𝗦𝗔𝗞𝗢𝗩 — 𝗖𝗛𝗜𝗟𝗗𝗛𝗢𝗢𝗗 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗙𝗜𝗥𝗦𝗧 𝗬𝗢𝗨𝗧𝗛 (1844–1865) 𝗔 𝗡𝗢𝗕𝗟𝗘 𝗕𝗘𝗚𝗜𝗡𝗡𝗜𝗡𝗚 𝗜𝗡 𝗧𝗜𝗞𝗛𝗩𝗜𝗡 (1844–1856) Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov was born on March 18 (March 6 O.S.), 1844, in the provincial Russian town of Tikhvin, into…

𝗩𝗟𝗔𝗗𝗜𝗠𝗜𝗥 𝗔𝗦𝗛𝗞𝗘𝗡𝗔𝗭𝗬 (b. 1937) — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗥𝗜𝗦𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗔 𝗠𝗢𝗦𝗖𝗢𝗪 𝗣𝗥𝗢𝗗𝗜𝗚𝗬 The early life of 𝗩𝗹𝗮𝗱𝗶𝗺𝗶𝗿 𝗗𝗮𝘃𝗶𝗱𝗼𝘃𝗶𝗰𝗵 𝗔𝘀𝗵𝗸𝗲𝗻𝗮𝘇𝘆, born on 6 July 1937 in Gorky (now Nizhny Novgorod), unfolds as one of the most…

𝗚𝗘𝗡𝗡𝗔𝗗𝗬 𝗥𝗢𝗭𝗛𝗗𝗘𝗦𝗧𝗩𝗘𝗡𝗦𝗞𝗬 (1931–2018) 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗗𝗠𝗜𝗧𝗥𝗜 𝗦𝗛𝗢𝗦𝗧𝗔𝗞𝗢𝗩𝗜𝗖𝗛 (1906–1975) — 𝗔 𝗗𝗘𝗘𝗣 𝗣𝗥𝗢𝗙𝗘𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗢𝗡𝗔𝗟 𝗔𝗟𝗟𝗜𝗔𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗔𝗥𝗧𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗜𝗖 𝗧𝗥𝗨𝗦𝗧 The relationship between 𝗚𝗲𝗻𝗻𝗮𝗱𝘆 𝗥𝗼𝘇𝗵𝗱𝗲𝘀𝘁𝘃𝗲𝗻𝘀𝗸𝘆 and 𝗗𝗺𝗶𝘁𝗿𝗶 𝗦𝗵𝗼𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗸𝗼𝘃𝗶𝗰𝗵 stands as one of the most important composer–conductor collaborations in the…