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𝐉𝐄𝐀𝐍-𝐁𝐀𝐏𝐓𝐈𝐒𝐓𝐄 𝐋𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐘 𝐃𝐈𝐄𝐃 𝐅𝐑𝐎𝐌 𝐀 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐃𝐔𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑'𝐒 𝐒𝐓𝐀𝐅𝐅... 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐆𝐄𝐃 𝐅𝐑𝐄𝐍𝐂𝐇 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂 𝐅𝐎𝐑𝐄𝐕𝐄𝐑 One of the most influential composers in history transformed French opera—and his extraordinary life ended in one of music's most astonishing tragedies.…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗢𝗩𝗘 𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗔𝗜𝗥𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡𝗦 — 𝗝𝗘𝗔𝗡-𝗕𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗘 𝗟𝗨𝗟𝗟𝗬: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗜𝗧𝗔𝗟𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗪𝗛𝗢 𝗖𝗢𝗡𝗤𝗨𝗘𝗥𝗘𝗗 𝗙𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗛 𝗢𝗣𝗘𝗥𝗔 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗖𝗢𝗨𝗥𝗧 𝗢𝗙 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗦𝗨𝗡 𝗞𝗜𝗡𝗚 𝗝𝗲𝗮𝗻-𝗕𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲 𝗟𝘂𝗹𝗹𝘆 was one of the most brilliant, dangerous, and theatrical personalities…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗗𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗛 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗘𝗔𝗡-𝗕𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗘 𝗟𝗨𝗟𝗟𝗬 — 𝗔 𝗖𝗢𝗠𝗣𝗟𝗘𝗧𝗘 𝗡𝗔𝗥𝗥𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗩𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗔𝗟𝗬𝗦𝗜𝗦 𝗜𝗹𝗹𝗻𝗲𝘀𝘀, 𝗴𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗲, 𝗽𝗿𝗶𝗱𝗲, 𝗿𝗲𝗽𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲, 𝗿𝗼𝘆𝗮𝗹 𝗱𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗲𝗻𝗱 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗳𝗶𝗿𝘀𝘁 𝗴𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁 𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗙𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗵 𝗼𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮 𝗜. 𝗔 𝗡𝗲𝗰𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗖𝗼𝗿𝗿𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗔𝗰𝗰𝗶𝗱𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗗𝗶𝗱…

Performance of the opera Armide by Jean-Baptiste Lully at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal in Paris (1761)

𝐉𝐄𝐀𝐍-𝐁𝐀𝐏𝐓𝐈𝐒𝐓𝐄 𝐋𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐘 (𝟏𝟔𝟑𝟐–𝟏𝟔𝟖𝟕): 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Jean-Baptiste Lully (1632–1687) was one of the most powerful and contradictory figures in seventeenth-century music. He was born Giovanni Battista Lulli in…

**Jean-Baptiste Lully** (1632–1687) was one of the most influential composers of the French Baroque and the architect of a distinctly French operatic style. Born in Florence and later naturalized as a French citizen, he…

# **Jean-Baptiste Lully, Super-Intendant of Royal Music under Louis XIV**

𝐂𝐇𝐎𝐏𝐈𝐍’𝐒 𝐃𝐄𝐀𝐓𝐇 𝐌𝐀𝐒𝐊 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐏𝐎𝐒𝐄𝐑’𝐒 𝐅𝐈𝐍𝐀𝐋 𝐅𝐀𝐂𝐄 Frédéric Chopin died in his apartment on Place Vendôme in Paris on 17 October 1849, at the age of thirty-nine. That same morning, the French sculptor…

𝗠𝗢𝗟𝗜𝗘̀𝗥𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗛𝗜𝗦 𝗥𝗘𝗟𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡𝗦𝗛𝗜𝗣 𝗪𝗜𝗧𝗛 𝗖𝗟𝗔𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗟 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖 𝗠𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗲̀𝗿𝗲 — 𝟭𝟲𝟮𝟮–𝟭𝟲𝟳𝟯 𝗠𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗲̀𝗿𝗲 occupies a special place among French writers connected with classical music because his relationship with music was not only indirect or posthumous. Unlike…

𝗟𝗨𝗟𝗟𝗬 𝗩𝗦. 𝗥𝗔𝗠𝗘𝗔𝗨 — 𝗗𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗛, 𝗟𝗘𝗚𝗔𝗖𝗬, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗟 𝗪𝗢𝗥𝗟𝗗𝗦 𝗔 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗮𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗮𝘆 𝗼𝗻 𝘁𝘄𝗼 𝗲𝗻𝗱𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗵 𝗕𝗮𝗿𝗼𝗾𝘂𝗲: 𝗹𝗮𝘄, 𝗽𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿, 𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗺𝗼𝗻𝘆, 𝗱𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗵, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗹𝗼𝗻𝗴 𝗮𝗳𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗹𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗙𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗵 𝗼𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮 𝗜. 𝗧𝘄𝗼 𝗚𝗶𝗮𝗻𝘁𝘀 𝗪𝗵𝗼…

𝗟𝗨𝗟𝗟𝗬’𝗦 𝗥𝗘𝗟𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡𝗦𝗛𝗜𝗣 𝗪𝗜𝗧𝗛 𝗟𝗢𝗨𝗜𝗦 𝗫𝗜𝗩 𝗜𝗡 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗙𝗜𝗡𝗔𝗟 𝗬𝗘𝗔𝗥𝗦 𝗔 𝗻𝗮𝗿𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝘀𝘁𝘂𝗱𝘆 𝗼𝗳 𝗱𝗲𝘃𝗼𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻, 𝗱𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲, 𝗽𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿, 𝘀𝗰𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗮𝗹, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗱𝗲𝗰𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝗜. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗢𝗹𝗱𝗲𝗿 𝗦𝘂𝗻 𝗞𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗔𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗙𝗮𝘃𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗲 In the last decade of…

𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗰-𝗔𝗻𝘁𝗼𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗽𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗲𝗿 (𝟭𝟲𝟯𝟰–𝟭𝟳𝟬𝟰): 𝗔 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗶𝗻 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰, 𝗣𝗶𝗲𝘁𝘆, 𝗧𝗵𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗿𝗲, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗙𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗵 𝗕𝗮𝗿𝗼𝗾𝘂𝗲 𝗚𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗲𝘂𝗿 𝗜. 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝗦𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗵-𝗖𝗲𝗻𝘁𝘂𝗿𝘆 𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲: 𝟭𝟲𝟯𝟰–𝗰.𝟭𝟲𝟲𝟱 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗰-𝗔𝗻𝘁𝗼𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗽𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗲𝗿 was born in Paris in 𝟭𝟲𝟯𝟰, into a France that was entering one…

𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗻 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗶𝘀: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗚𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁 𝗣𝗼𝗲𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗩𝗶𝗼𝗹𝗮 𝗱𝗮 𝗚𝗮𝗺𝗯𝗮 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗻 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗶𝘀 (1656–1728) was a French Baroque composer and a supreme virtuoso of the viola da gamba, 𝗼𝗻𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗺𝗼𝘀𝘁 𝗱𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴𝘂𝗶𝘀𝗵𝗲𝗱 𝗺𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗮𝗻𝘀 𝗼𝗳…

# **LULLY’S RELATIONSHIP WITH LOUIS XIV IN THE FINAL YEARS** *A narrative study of devotion, distance, power, and decline* In the last decade of Jean-Baptiste Lully’s life, his relationship with **Louis XIV**—the monarch who…

# **LULLY VS. RAMEAU — DEATH, LEGACY, AND MUSICAL WORLDS** *A comparative essay on the end of two eras* Jean-Baptiste Lully and Jean-Philippe Rameau never met, and yet their artistic identities feel destined to…

# **THE DEATH OF LULLY — A COMPLETE ANALYSIS** *A narrative reconstruction of illness, decline, and legacy* ## **I. Paris, 1686 — The Exhaustion of a Life at Court** In the winter of 1686,…

# **Lully - Ballet Royal de la Naissance de Vénus - Christophe Rousset ** [https://www.patreon.com/posts/lully-ballet-de-144111335?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link](https://www.patreon.com/posts/lully-ballet-de-144111335?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link) **Lully – *****Ballet Royal de la Naissance de Vénus*** When **Jean-Baptiste Lully** composed the *Ballet Royal de la Naissance…

𝗬𝗢-𝗬𝗢 𝗠𝗔 — 𝗔𝗡𝗘𝗖𝗗𝗢𝗧𝗘𝗦, 𝗖𝗨𝗥𝗜𝗢𝗦𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗘𝗦 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗕𝗘𝗛𝗜𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗖𝗘𝗟𝗟𝗢 Few classical musicians have combined technical mastery, intellectual curiosity, personal warmth and cultural influence as naturally as Yo-Yo Ma. His career has not…

𝗚𝗲𝗼𝗿𝗴𝗲 𝗙𝗿𝗶𝗱𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗰 𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗗𝗘𝗟 (𝟭𝟲𝟴𝟱–𝟭𝟳𝟱𝟵) 𝗧𝗲𝘀𝗲𝗼, 𝗛𝗪𝗩 𝟵 https://www.patreon.com/ClassicMusicComposersGroup/posts/handel-teseo-hwv-163219389?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link 𝗢𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮 𝘀𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗮 𝗶𝗻 𝟱 𝗮𝗰𝘁𝘀 London, 1713 𝗟𝗶𝗯𝗿𝗲𝘁𝘁𝗼: 𝗡𝗶𝗰𝗼𝗹𝗮 𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗼 𝗛𝗮𝘆𝗺 after 𝗣𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗽𝗽𝗲 𝗤𝘂𝗶𝗻𝗮𝘂𝗹𝘁, 𝗧𝗵é𝘀é𝗲 𝗖𝗔𝗦𝗧 𝗖𝗮𝗿𝗹𝗼𝘁𝘁𝗮 𝗖𝗼𝗹𝗼𝗺𝗯𝗼, soprano — Medea 𝗔𝗻𝗻𝗮 𝗞𝗼𝗲𝗵𝗹𝗲𝗿, soprano — Clizia…

𝗝𝗮𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗮 𝗛𝗲𝗶𝗳𝗲𝘁𝘇 — 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲𝘁𝗲 𝗦𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗼 𝗖𝗼𝗹𝗹𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 — 𝗕𝗼𝘅 𝗦𝗲𝘁 𝟮𝟰𝗖𝗗𝘀 𝗖𝗗 𝟭 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝗵𝗺𝘀: Violin Concerto in D major, Op. 77 𝗧𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗶𝗸𝗼𝘃𝘀𝗸𝘆: Violin Concerto in D major, Op. 35 Jascha Heifetz (violin) Chicago Symphony…

𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗦𝗔𝗜𝗟𝗟𝗘𝗦 𝗔𝗦 𝗔 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗟 𝗦𝗬𝗦𝗧𝗘𝗠 𝟭𝟲𝟲𝟭–𝟭𝟳𝟴𝟵 The Palace of Versailles was never simply a royal residence, nor even merely the most spectacular architectural expression of French absolutism. From the moment Louis XIV began transforming…

𝗔𝗠𝗕𝗥𝗢𝗜𝗦𝗘 𝗧𝗛𝗢𝗠𝗔𝗦 𝗔𝗻𝗲𝗰𝗱𝗼𝘁𝗲𝘀, 𝗖𝘂𝗿𝗶𝗼𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗮 𝗙𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗵 𝗢𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗰 𝗦𝘂𝗿𝘃𝗶𝘃𝗼𝗿 𝗔𝗺𝗯𝗿𝗼𝗶𝘀𝗲 𝗧𝗵𝗼𝗺𝗮𝘀 was one of the central figures of nineteenth-century French opera, although his reputation today rests above all on two works:…

𝐂𝐡𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐩𝐡 𝐖𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐛𝐚𝐥𝐝 𝐆𝐥𝐮𝐜𝐤: 𝐁𝐢𝐨𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐩𝐡𝐲, 𝐖𝐨𝐫𝐤𝐬, 𝐀𝐧𝐞𝐜𝐝𝐨𝐭𝐞𝐬, 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐢𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝐂𝐡𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐩𝐡 𝐖𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐛𝐚𝐥𝐝 𝐆𝐥𝐮𝐜𝐤, later known as 𝐑𝐢𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐯𝐨𝐧 𝐆𝐥𝐮𝐜𝐤, was born on 𝟐 𝐉𝐮𝐥𝐲 𝟏𝟕𝟏𝟒 in 𝐄𝐫𝐚𝐬𝐛𝐚𝐜𝐡, near Berching in the Upper Palatinate, and died on…

𝐆𝐥𝐮𝐜𝐤 – 𝐀𝐫𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐞𝐝 𝐛𝐲 𝐖𝐚𝐠𝐧𝐞𝐫 – 𝐈𝐩𝐡𝐢𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐢𝐚 𝐢𝐧 𝐀𝐮𝐥𝐢𝐬 – 𝐂𝐡𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐩𝐡 𝐒𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐠 https://www.patreon.com/posts/gluck-wagner-in-156565073?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link 𝗖𝗛𝗥𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗢𝗣𝗛 𝗪𝗜𝗟𝗟𝗜𝗕𝗔𝗟𝗗 𝗚𝗟𝗨𝗖𝗞’𝗦 𝗜𝗣𝗛𝗜𝗚É𝗡𝗜𝗘 𝗘𝗡 𝗔𝗨𝗟𝗜𝗗𝗘, 𝗔𝗥𝗥𝗔𝗡𝗚𝗘𝗗 𝗕𝗬 𝗥𝗜𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗥𝗗 𝗪𝗔𝗚𝗡𝗘𝗥: 𝗔 𝗥𝗜𝗚𝗢𝗥𝗢𝗨𝗦 𝗦𝗧𝗨𝗗𝗬 𝗢𝗙 𝗢𝗣𝗘𝗥𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗖 𝗥𝗘𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗠, 𝗖𝗟𝗔𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗟 𝗧𝗥𝗔𝗚𝗘𝗗𝗬, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗡𝗜𝗡𝗘𝗧𝗘𝗘𝗡𝗧𝗛-𝗖𝗘𝗡𝗧𝗨𝗥𝗬 𝗥𝗘𝗜𝗡𝗧𝗘𝗥𝗣𝗥𝗘𝗧𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡…