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𝐒𝐄𝐑𝐆𝐈𝐔 𝐂𝐄𝐋𝐈𝐁𝐈𝐃𝐀𝐂𝐇𝐄 (𝟏𝟗𝟏𝟐–𝟏𝟗𝟗𝟔): 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Sergiu Celibidache (1912–1996) was born on 28 June 1912 in Roman, Romania and died on 14 August 1996 near Paris. He remains…

𝐆𝐞𝐨𝐫𝐠 𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐭𝐢 𝐢𝐧 𝐁𝐞𝐞𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐧: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐡𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐞𝐬, 𝐎𝐧𝐞 𝐛𝐲 𝐎𝐧𝐞 Georg Solti recorded two complete Beethoven symphony cycles, both with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra for London/Decca. The first was taped between May 1972 and September…

𝐆𝐄𝐎𝐑𝐆 𝐏𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐈𝐏𝐏 𝐓𝐄𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐀𝐍𝐍 (𝟏𝟔𝟖𝟏–𝟏𝟕𝟔𝟕): 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Georg Philipp Telemann (1681–1767) was born in Magdeburg on 14 March 1681 and died in Hamburg on 25 June 1767. He…

𝐖𝐈𝐋𝐇𝐄𝐋𝐌 𝐅𝐔𝐑𝐓𝐖𝐀̈𝐍𝐆𝐋𝐄𝐑 (𝟏𝟖𝟖𝟔–𝟏𝟗𝟓𝟒): 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Wilhelm Furtwängler (1886–1954) remains one of the most morally and historically controversial figures in twentieth-century music. He was born on 25 January…

𝐄𝐥𝐢𝐳𝐚𝐛𝐞𝐭𝐡 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐰𝐚𝐫𝐳𝐤𝐨𝐩𝐟 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐖𝐚𝐥𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐋𝐞𝐠𝐠𝐞: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐀𝐫𝐭𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐏𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐀𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞 Elizabeth Schwarzkopf and Walter Legge formed one of the most influential, complex, and frequently debated personal and artistic partnerships in the…

𝐉𝐄𝐀𝐍 𝐒𝐈𝐁𝐄𝐋𝐈𝐔𝐒 (𝟏𝟖𝟔𝟓–𝟏𝟗𝟓𝟕): 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Jean Sibelius (1865–1957) is often remembered as the austere and noble musical voice of Finland: the composer of Finlandia, the seven symphonies,…

𝐋𝐔𝐃𝐖𝐈𝐆 𝐕𝐀𝐍 𝐁𝐄𝐄𝐓𝐇𝐎𝐕𝐄𝐍: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Ludwig van Beethoven is often presented as the supreme heroic figure in music: defiant, original, morally elevated, and artistically invincible. Yet his…

# **𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗜𝗡 𝗦𝗪𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗗’𝗦 𝗕𝗜𝗢𝗚𝗥𝗔𝗣𝗛𝗬 - Chapter 8 — Inertia** **1) Back in Salzburg: Success Without Direction** When **Leopold and Wolfgang returned from Italy in March 1773**, they brought back prestige but **no new…

𝐆𝐔𝐍𝐃𝐔𝐋𝐀 𝐉𝐀𝐍𝐎𝐖𝐈𝐓𝐙: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐒𝐈𝐋𝐕𝐄𝐑-𝐆𝐎𝐋𝐃 𝐕𝐎𝐈𝐂𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐌𝐎𝐙𝐀𝐑𝐓, 𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐔𝐒𝐒, 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐏𝐔𝐑𝐄𝐒𝐓 𝐋𝐘𝐑𝐈𝐂 𝐈𝐃𝐄𝐀𝐋 𝐎𝐅 𝐏𝐎𝐒𝐓𝐖𝐀𝐑 𝐄𝐔𝐑𝐎𝐏𝐄 Gundula Janowitz belongs to that very rare group of sopranos whose voices seem to exist almost beyond ordinary…

𝐖𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐧 𝐢𝐧 𝐖𝐚𝐠𝐧𝐞𝐫: 𝐏𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫, 𝐒𝐚𝐜𝐫𝐢𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐞, 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐑𝐞𝐝𝐞𝐦𝐩𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 Wagner’s female characters are among the most compelling in nineteenth-century opera. Isolde, Brünnhilde, Elisabeth, Senta, Kundry and others possess immense dramatic force, psychological intensity, and symbolic importance.…

# **Robert Donington’s *****Baroque Music: Style and Performance*****, ** Robert Donington’s ***Baroque Music: Style and Performance***, subtitled ***A Handbook***, was published in **1982**. The bibliographical record shows two closely related editions that year: a…

**𝐊𝐀𝐑𝐋 𝐄𝐋𝐈𝐀𝐒𝐁𝐄𝐑𝐆 (1907–1978): 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐃𝐔𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑 𝐖𝐇𝐎 𝐆𝐀𝐕𝐄 𝐋𝐄𝐍𝐈𝐍𝐆𝐑𝐀𝐃 𝐈𝐓𝐒 𝐕𝐎𝐈𝐂𝐄** Karl Ilyich Eliasberg was born in **Minsk on 10 June 1907** and died in **Leningrad on 12 February 1978**. In the broad history of…

𝐊𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐣𝐚𝐧 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐇𝐢𝐬 𝐃𝐨𝐠 — 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐢𝐥𝐞𝐧𝐭, 𝐏𝐫𝐢𝐯𝐚𝐭𝐞 𝐅𝐚𝐜𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚 𝐌𝐚𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐨 The image of 𝐇𝐞𝐫𝐛𝐞𝐫𝐭 𝐯𝐨𝐧 𝐊𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐣𝐚𝐧 seated quietly beside his dog is deeply revealing because it shows a side of him that…

𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐅𝐀𝐌𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐎𝐅 𝐑𝐈𝐂𝐇𝐀𝐑𝐃 𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐔𝐒𝐒: 𝐌𝐀𝐑𝐑𝐈𝐀𝐆𝐄, 𝐇𝐎𝐌𝐄, 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐎𝐍𝐋𝐘 𝐒𝐎𝐍 𝐑𝐢𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐒𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐮𝐬𝐬 is often remembered as the brilliant composer of Salome, Elektra, Der Rosenkavalier, and the great tone poems, but behind the public…

𝐌𝐨𝐳𝐚𝐫𝐭 - 𝐋𝐚 𝐜𝐥𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐳𝐚 𝐝𝐢 𝐓𝐢𝐭𝐨 - 𝐏𝐞𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐫𝐞𝐢𝐞𝐫 · 𝐉𝐮𝐥𝐢𝐚 𝐕𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐝𝐲 · 𝐄𝐝𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐌𝐚𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐬 - 𝐓𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐚 𝐁𝐞𝐫𝐠𝐚𝐧𝐳𝐚 · 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐚 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐢𝐦𝐥 · 𝐓𝐡𝐞𝐨 𝐀𝐝𝐚𝐦 - 𝐑𝐮𝐧𝐝𝐟𝐮𝐧𝐤𝐜𝐡𝐨𝐫 𝐋𝐞𝐢𝐩𝐳𝐢𝐠 - 𝐒𝐭𝐚𝐚𝐭𝐬𝐤𝐚𝐩𝐞𝐥𝐥𝐞 𝐃𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐝𝐞𝐧 - 𝐊𝐚𝐫𝐥 𝐁𝐨𝐡𝐦 https://www.patreon.com/posts/mozart-la-di-152587249?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link…

𝐌𝐨𝐳𝐚𝐫𝐭 - 𝐃𝐢𝐞 𝐙𝐚𝐮𝐛𝐞𝐫𝐟𝐥𝐨𝐭𝐞 - 𝐎𝐭𝐭𝐨 𝐊𝐥𝐞𝐦𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐫, 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐦𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐚 𝐎𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐚 - 𝐍𝐢𝐜𝐨𝐥𝐚𝐢 𝐆𝐞𝐝𝐝𝐚, 𝐆𝐮𝐧𝐝𝐮𝐥𝐚 𝐉𝐚𝐧𝐨𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐳, 𝐖𝐚𝐥𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐁𝐞𝐫𝐫𝐲, 𝐋𝐮𝐜𝐢𝐚 𝐏𝐨𝐩𝐩, 𝐆𝐨𝐭𝐭𝐥𝐨𝐛 𝐅𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐤, 𝐅𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐳 𝐂𝐫𝐚𝐬𝐬, 𝐄𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐚𝐛𝐞𝐭𝐡 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐰𝐚𝐫𝐳𝐤𝐨𝐩𝐟, 𝐂𝐡𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐚 𝐋𝐮𝐝𝐰𝐢𝐠, 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐚 𝐇ö𝐟𝐟𝐠𝐞𝐧, 𝐆𝐞𝐫𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐔𝐧𝐠𝐞𝐫, 𝐀𝐠𝐧𝐞𝐬 𝐆𝐢𝐞𝐛𝐞𝐥, 𝐑𝐮𝐭𝐡-𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐫𝐞𝐭 𝐏ü𝐭𝐳,…

𝐖𝐚𝐠𝐧𝐞𝐫: 𝐓𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐈𝐬𝐨𝐥𝐝𝐞 - 𝐖𝐢𝐥𝐡𝐞𝐥𝐦 𝐅𝐮𝐫𝐭𝐰𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐥𝐞𝐫 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gGAKgoclJ6A&t=389s 𝐋𝐮𝐝𝐰𝐢𝐠 𝐒𝐮𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐮𝐬 — Tristan 𝐊𝐢𝐫𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐧 𝐅𝐥𝐚𝐠𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐝 — Isolde 𝐁𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐡𝐞 𝐓𝐡𝐞𝐛𝐨𝐦 — Brangäne 𝐉𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐟 𝐆𝐫𝐞𝐢𝐧𝐝𝐥 — König Marke 𝐃𝐢𝐞𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐡 𝐅𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐫-𝐃𝐢𝐞𝐬𝐤𝐚𝐮 — Kurwenal 𝐑𝐮𝐝𝐨𝐥𝐟 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐨𝐜𝐤 — Seemann /…

# **Georg Philipp Telemann: Triumph of Beauty **(Sieg der Schönheit) - Opera, 1722/23 - (Theater Magdeburg) 2024 / 2026 -** Akademie für Alte Musik Berlin** - **Michael Hofstetter conductor** - World premiere recording [[https://www.patreon.com/posts/georg-philipp-of-152518645?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link](https://www.patreon.com/posts/georg-philipp-of-152518645?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link)](https://www.patreon.com/posts/georg-philipp-of-152518645?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link)…

𝐂𝐇𝐑𝐈𝐒𝐓𝐈𝐀𝐍 𝐓𝐇𝐈𝐄𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐀𝐍𝐍 & 𝐇𝐄𝐑𝐁𝐄𝐑𝐓 𝐕𝐎𝐍 𝐊𝐀𝐑𝐀𝐉𝐀𝐍 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐈𝐍𝐇𝐄𝐑𝐈𝐓𝐀𝐍𝐂𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐀 𝐒𝐎𝐔𝐍𝐃, 𝐀 𝐒𝐓𝐘𝐋𝐄, 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐀 𝐌𝐘𝐓𝐇 𝐈. 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐅𝐈𝐑𝐒𝐓 𝐓𝐑𝐔𝐓𝐇: 𝐍𝐎 “𝐃𝐈𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐓 𝐑𝐄𝐋𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍,” 𝐁𝐔𝐓 𝐀 𝐃𝐄𝐄𝐏 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐒𝐓𝐈𝐂 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐄 There is no direct, personal…

𝐄𝐗𝐏𝐋𝐎𝐑𝐈𝐍𝐆 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐏𝐎𝐈𝐆𝐍𝐀𝐍𝐂𝐘 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐇𝐔𝐌𝐀𝐍𝐈𝐓𝐘 𝐎𝐅 𝐉𝐀𝐍𝐀𝐂𝐄𝐊 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐌𝐀𝐇𝐋𝐄𝐑 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐒𝐔𝐁𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝐄𝐂𝐇𝐎 𝐎𝐅 𝐀 𝐒𝐘𝐌𝐏𝐇𝐎𝐍𝐈𝐂 𝐌𝐈𝐍𝐃 𝐈. 𝐀 𝐂𝐀𝐑𝐄𝐅𝐔𝐋 𝐇𝐈𝐒𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐏𝐑𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐒𝐄 Any discussion of the influence of 𝐆𝐮𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐯 𝐌𝐚𝐡𝐥𝐞𝐫 (1860–1911) on 𝐋𝐞𝐨𝐬 𝐉𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐜𝐞𝐤…

𝐋𝐄𝐎𝐒 𝐉𝐀𝐍𝐀𝐂𝐄𝐊 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐅𝐋𝐀𝐌𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐋𝐀𝐓𝐄 𝐆𝐄𝐍𝐈𝐔𝐒: 𝐌𝐀𝐓𝐔𝐑𝐈𝐓𝐘, 𝐎𝐁𝐒𝐄𝐒𝐒𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐁𝐈𝐑𝐓𝐇 𝐎𝐅 𝐌𝐎𝐃𝐄𝐑𝐍 𝐎𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐀 (1890s–1928) 𝐈. 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐋𝐎𝐍𝐆 𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐔𝐆𝐆𝐋𝐄 𝐁𝐄𝐅𝐎𝐑𝐄 𝐅𝐀𝐌𝐄 (1890s–1903) By the 1890s, 𝐋𝐞𝐨𝐬 𝐉𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐜𝐞𝐤 (1854–1928) was already a respected…

𝐂𝐀𝐑𝐋𝐎𝐒 𝐊𝐋𝐄𝐈𝐁𝐄𝐑: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐆𝐄𝐍𝐈𝐔𝐒 𝐎𝐅 𝐃𝐈𝐒𝐀𝐏𝐏𝐄𝐀𝐑𝐀𝐍𝐂𝐄 — 𝐀 𝐂𝐇𝐑𝐎𝐍𝐎𝐋𝐎𝐆𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐏𝐎𝐑𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐈𝐓 𝐎𝐅 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐏𝐒𝐘𝐂𝐇𝐎𝐋𝐎𝐆𝐘 (𝟏𝟗𝟑𝟎–𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟒) 𝐈. 𝐀 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃 𝐈𝐍 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐒𝐇𝐀𝐃𝐎𝐖 𝐎𝐅 𝐀 𝐆𝐈𝐀𝐍𝐓 (𝟏𝟗𝟑𝟎–𝟏𝟗𝟒𝟓) Carlos Kleiber was born Karl Ludwig Bonifacius Kleiber on 3…

## **𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗜𝗡 𝗦𝗪𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗗 — 𝗦𝗨𝗖𝗖𝗘𝗦𝗦, 𝗠𝗬𝗧𝗛𝗦, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗖𝗢𝗠𝗣𝗢𝗦𝗘𝗥’𝗦 𝗣𝗘𝗥𝗦𝗣𝗘𝗖𝗧𝗜𝗩𝗘** **𝗠𝗼𝘇𝗮𝗿𝘁’𝘀 𝗟𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗗𝗶𝗳𝗳𝗶𝗰𝘂𝗹𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗲𝘅𝘁** Mozart experienced **some difficult periods toward the end of his life**, but Swafford stresses that hardship was not…

𝗙𝗨𝗥𝗧𝗪𝗔𝗡𝗚𝗟𝗘𝗥 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗖𝗘𝗟𝗜𝗕𝗜𝗗𝗔𝗖𝗛𝗘 — 𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗧𝗢𝗥𝗦𝗛𝗜𝗣, 𝗦𝗛𝗔𝗗𝗢𝗪, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗕𝗜𝗥𝗧𝗛 𝗢𝗙 𝗔 𝗟𝗘𝗚𝗘𝗡𝗗 The relationship between 𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗵𝗲𝗹𝗺 𝗙𝘂𝗿𝘁𝘄𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗲𝗿 (1886–1954) and 𝗦𝗲𝗿𝗴𝗶𝘂 𝗖𝗲𝗹𝗶𝗯𝗶𝗱𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗲 (1912–1996) is one of the most consequential mentor–successor dynamics in twentieth-century conducting. It…