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𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡 𝗖𝗛𝗥𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗢𝗣𝗛 𝗙𝗥𝗜𝗘𝗗𝗥𝗜𝗖𝗛 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗕𝗨̈𝗖𝗞𝗘𝗕𝗨𝗥𝗚 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗤𝗨𝗜𝗘𝗧 𝗘𝗟𝗘𝗚𝗔𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗖𝗟𝗔𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗟 𝗧𝗥𝗔𝗡𝗦𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻 𝗖𝗵𝗿𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗽𝗵 𝗙𝗿𝗶𝗲𝗱𝗿𝗶𝗰𝗵 𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗵 𝗕𝗼𝗿𝗻: 𝟮𝟭 𝗝𝘂𝗻𝗲 𝟭𝟳𝟯𝟮, 𝗟𝗲𝗶𝗽𝘇𝗶𝗴, 𝗚𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻𝘆 𝗗𝗶𝗲𝗱: 𝟮𝟲 𝗝𝗮𝗻𝘂𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝟭𝟳𝟵𝟱, 𝗕𝘂̈𝗰𝗸𝗲𝗯𝘂𝗿𝗴, 𝗚𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻𝘆 Among the musical…

𝗪𝗜𝗟𝗛𝗘𝗟𝗠 𝗙𝗥𝗜𝗘𝗗𝗘𝗠𝗔𝗡𝗡 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗧𝗥𝗔𝗚𝗜𝗖 𝗚𝗘𝗡𝗜𝗨𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛 𝗙𝗔𝗠𝗜𝗟𝗬 𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗵𝗲𝗹𝗺 𝗙𝗿𝗶𝗲𝗱𝗲𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗻 𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗵 𝗕𝗼𝗿𝗻: 𝟮𝟮 𝗡𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗿 𝟭𝟳𝟭𝟬, 𝗪𝗲𝗶𝗺𝗮𝗿, 𝗚𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻𝘆 𝗗𝗶𝗲𝗱: 𝟭 𝗝𝘂𝗹𝘆 𝟭𝟳𝟴𝟰, 𝗕𝗲𝗿𝗹𝗶𝗻, 𝗚𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻𝘆 Among the children of 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻 𝗦𝗲𝗯𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗵, 𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗵𝗲𝗹𝗺 𝗙𝗿𝗶𝗲𝗱𝗲𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗻…

𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡 𝗖𝗛𝗥𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗢𝗡𝗗𝗢𝗡 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛 𝗪𝗛𝗢 𝗢𝗣𝗘𝗡𝗘𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗗𝗢𝗢𝗥 𝗙𝗢𝗥 𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻 𝗖𝗵𝗿𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗵 𝗕𝗼𝗿𝗻: 𝟱 𝗦𝗲𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗿 𝟭𝟳𝟯𝟱, 𝗟𝗲𝗶𝗽𝘇𝗶𝗴, 𝗚𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻𝘆 𝗗𝗶𝗲𝗱: 𝟭 𝗝𝗮𝗻𝘂𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝟭𝟳𝟴𝟮, 𝗟𝗼𝗻𝗱𝗼𝗻, 𝗘𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗱 Among the sons of 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻 𝗦𝗲𝗯𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗵,…

𝗖𝗔𝗥𝗟 𝗣𝗛𝗜𝗟𝗜𝗣𝗣 𝗘𝗠𝗔𝗡𝗨𝗘𝗟 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗦𝗘𝗡𝗦𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗩𝗘 𝗚𝗘𝗡𝗜𝗨𝗦 𝗪𝗛𝗢 𝗦𝗧𝗢𝗢𝗗 𝗕𝗘𝗧𝗪𝗘𝗘𝗡 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗕𝗘𝗘𝗧𝗛𝗢𝗩𝗘𝗡 𝗖𝗮𝗿𝗹 𝗣𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗽𝗽 𝗘𝗺𝗮𝗻𝘂𝗲𝗹 𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗵 𝗕𝗼𝗿𝗻: 𝟴 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗰𝗵 𝟭𝟳𝟭𝟰, 𝗪𝗲𝗶𝗺𝗮𝗿, 𝗚𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻𝘆 𝗗𝗶𝗲𝗱: 𝟭𝟰 𝗗𝗲𝗰𝗲𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗿 𝟭𝟳𝟴𝟴, 𝗛𝗮𝗺𝗯𝘂𝗿𝗴, 𝗚𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻𝘆 Among the sons of 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻…

𝗖𝗛𝗥𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗢𝗣𝗛 𝗪𝗜𝗟𝗟𝗜𝗕𝗔𝗟𝗗 𝗚𝗟𝗨𝗖𝗞: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗡 𝗪𝗛𝗢 𝗥𝗘𝗦𝗖𝗨𝗘𝗗 𝗢𝗣𝗘𝗥𝗔 𝗙𝗥𝗢𝗠 𝗘𝗠𝗣𝗧𝗬 𝗩𝗜𝗥𝗧𝗨𝗢𝗦𝗜𝗧𝗬 𝗖𝗵𝗿𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗽𝗵 𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗯𝗮𝗹𝗱 𝗚𝗹𝘂𝗰𝗸 𝗕𝗼𝗿𝗻: 𝟮 𝗝𝘂𝗹𝘆 𝟭𝟳𝟭𝟰, 𝗘𝗿𝗮𝘀𝗯𝗮𝗰𝗵, 𝗕𝗮𝘃𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗮 𝗗𝗶𝗲𝗱: 𝟭𝟱 𝗡𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗿 𝟭𝟳𝟴𝟳, 𝗩𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗻𝗮, 𝗔𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗮 Among the great composers of the eighteenth century,…

𝗙𝗜𝗙𝗧𝗬 𝗘𝗦𝗦𝗘𝗡𝗧𝗜𝗔𝗟 𝗖𝗢𝗠𝗣𝗢𝗦𝗘𝗥𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗖𝗟𝗔𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗟 𝗘𝗥𝗔 𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺 𝟭𝟳𝟱𝟬 𝘁𝗼 𝟭𝟴𝟮𝟱 — 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗔𝗴𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘆, 𝗙𝗼𝗿𝗺, 𝗗𝗿𝗮𝗺𝗮 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗛𝘂𝗺𝗮𝗻 𝗘𝘅𝗽𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻 The 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗼𝗱 was not merely the age of 𝗛𝗮𝘆𝗱𝗻, 𝗠𝗼𝘇𝗮𝗿𝘁 and 𝗕𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗻.…

𝗛𝗔𝗬𝗗𝗡, 𝗕𝗬 𝗝. 𝗖𝗨𝗧𝗛𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗧 𝗛𝗔𝗗𝗗𝗘𝗡 - 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟮𝟬 𝗛𝗔𝗬𝗗𝗡 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗡, 𝗛𝗔𝗬𝗗𝗡 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗖𝗢𝗠𝗣𝗢𝗦𝗘𝗥 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗙𝗔𝗧𝗛𝗘𝗥 𝗢𝗙 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗦𝗬𝗠𝗣𝗛𝗢𝗡𝗬 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗦𝗢𝗡𝗔𝗧𝗔 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗙𝗜𝗡𝗔𝗟 𝗣𝗢𝗥𝗧𝗥𝗔𝗜𝗧 At the end of 𝗝𝗼𝘀𝗲𝗽𝗵 𝗛𝗮𝘆𝗱𝗻’s story, after Rohrau,…

𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡 𝗦𝗘𝗕𝗔𝗦𝗧𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗘𝗔𝗥𝗡𝗘𝗗 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗖𝗛𝗥𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗢𝗣𝗛 𝗪𝗢𝗟𝗙𝗙 𝗘𝗣𝗜𝗟𝗢𝗚𝗨𝗘 𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗵 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗜𝗱𝗲𝗮 𝗼𝗳 “𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝗳𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻” 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗻𝗲𝗱 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗣𝘂𝗿𝘀𝘂𝗶𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝗳𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 At the end of Johann Sebastian Bach’s life, the…

𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡 𝗦𝗘𝗕𝗔𝗦𝗧𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗘𝗔𝗥𝗡𝗘𝗗 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗖𝗛𝗥𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗢𝗣𝗛 𝗪𝗢𝗟𝗙𝗙 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟭𝟮 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗣𝗮𝘀𝘁, 𝗣𝗿𝗲𝘀𝗲𝗻𝘁, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗙𝘂𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝗰𝗮𝗱𝗲: 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝟭𝟳𝟰𝟬𝘀 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗵: 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻, 𝗥𝗲𝘁𝗿𝗼𝘀𝗽𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻, 𝗦𝘂𝗺𝗺𝗮, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗟𝗲𝗴𝗮𝗰𝘆 The final decade of Johann…

𝗛𝗔𝗬𝗗𝗡, 𝗕𝗬 𝗝. 𝗖𝗨𝗧𝗛𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗧 𝗛𝗔𝗗𝗗𝗘𝗡 - 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟭𝟴 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗦𝗘𝗔𝗦𝗢𝗡𝗦 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗢𝗟𝗗 𝗠𝗔𝗡 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗪𝗢𝗥𝗟𝗗 𝗢𝗙 𝗡𝗔𝗧𝗨𝗥𝗘 𝗔𝗙𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗚𝗛𝗧 𝗢𝗙 𝗖𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 After the astonishing success of 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗖𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻, it was almost inevitable…

𝗛𝗔𝗬𝗗𝗡, 𝗕𝗬 𝗝. 𝗖𝗨𝗧𝗛𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗧 𝗛𝗔𝗗𝗗𝗘𝗡 - 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟭𝟳 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗖𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 𝗙𝗔𝗜𝗧𝗛, 𝗡𝗔𝗧𝗨𝗥𝗘, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗚𝗥𝗔𝗡𝗗𝗘𝗨𝗥 𝗢𝗙 𝗟𝗔𝗧𝗘 𝗚𝗘𝗡𝗜𝗨𝗦 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗔𝗧𝗘 𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗪𝗘𝗥𝗜𝗡𝗚 𝗢𝗙 𝗔 𝗠𝗔𝗦𝗧𝗘𝗥 There are artists whose genius burns brightest in youth, and…

𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡 𝗦𝗘𝗕𝗔𝗦𝗧𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛 𝗠𝗢𝗡𝗨𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗧 — 𝗘𝗜𝗦𝗘𝗡𝗔𝗖𝗛, 𝗚𝗘𝗥𝗠𝗔𝗡𝗬 The 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻 𝗦𝗲𝗯𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗵 𝗠𝗼𝗻𝘂𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 in 𝗘𝗶𝘀𝗲𝗻𝗮𝗰𝗵, 𝗚𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻𝘆, is one of the most important public monuments dedicated to Bach. It was created by the German sculptor 𝗔𝗱𝗼𝗹𝗳…

# Statue of Beethoven (courtyard of San Pietro a Maiella, Naples) The **𝗦𝘁𝗮𝘁𝘂𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗕𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗻** in the courtyard of the **𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗮𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗶𝗼 𝗦𝗮𝗻 𝗣𝗶𝗲𝘁𝗿𝗼 𝗮 𝗠𝗮𝗷𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗮** in **𝗡𝗮𝗽𝗹𝗲𝘀** is a **𝘄𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲 𝗺𝗮𝗿𝗯𝗹𝗲 𝘀𝗰𝘂𝗹𝗽𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲** created by…

𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡 𝗦𝗘𝗕𝗔𝗦𝗧𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗘𝗔𝗥𝗡𝗘𝗗 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗖𝗛𝗥𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗢𝗣𝗛 𝗪𝗢𝗟𝗙𝗙 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟭𝟬 𝗧𝗿𝗮𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘃𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗕𝗼𝘂𝗻𝗱𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗦𝗽𝗲𝗰𝗶𝗮𝗹 𝗘𝗻𝗴𝗮𝗴𝗲𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁𝘀: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝟭𝟳𝟯𝟬𝘀 𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗵 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝟭𝟳𝟯𝟬𝘀: 𝗖𝗿𝗼𝘀𝘀𝗿𝗼𝗮𝗱𝘀, 𝗖𝗼𝗳𝗳𝗲𝗲𝗵𝗼𝘂𝘀𝗲 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗿𝘁𝘀, 𝗥𝗼𝘆𝗮𝗹 𝗔𝗺𝗯𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝘃𝗶𝗲𝗿-Ü𝗯𝘂𝗻𝗴 𝗔𝘀 𝗮 𝗣𝘂𝗯𝗹𝗶𝗰 𝗠𝗮𝗻𝗶𝗳𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼…

𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡 𝗦𝗘𝗕𝗔𝗦𝗧𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗘𝗔𝗥𝗡𝗘𝗗 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗖𝗛𝗥𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗢𝗣𝗛 𝗪𝗢𝗟𝗙𝗙 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟵 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗮𝗿 𝗖𝗼𝘂𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗽𝗼𝗶𝗻𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗣𝗿𝗮𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗲 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗧𝗵𝗲𝗼𝗿𝘆 𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗵 𝗶𝗻 𝗟𝗲𝗶𝗽𝘇𝗶𝗴: 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗲𝗿, 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗼𝘀𝗲𝗿, 𝗧𝗲𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗿, 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗮𝗿, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗠𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗼𝗳 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗧𝗵𝗼𝘂𝗴𝗵𝘁 After the first…

𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡 𝗦𝗘𝗕𝗔𝗦𝗧𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗘𝗔𝗥𝗡𝗘𝗗 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗖𝗛𝗥𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗢𝗣𝗛 𝗪𝗢𝗟𝗙𝗙 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟴 𝗥𝗲𝗱𝗲𝗳𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗮 𝗩𝗲𝗻𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲 𝗢𝗳𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗲 𝗖𝗮𝗻𝘁𝗼𝗿 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰 𝗗𝗶𝗿𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿 𝗶𝗻 𝗟𝗲𝗶𝗽𝘇𝗶𝗴: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝟭𝟳𝟮𝟬𝘀 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗖𝗮𝗻𝘁𝗼𝗿 𝗪𝗵𝗼 𝗔𝗿𝗿𝗶𝘃𝗲𝗱 𝗮𝘀 𝗮 𝗖𝗮𝗽𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗺𝗲𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿: 𝗖𝗮𝗻𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗮𝘀, 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗼𝗹, 𝗖𝗶𝘁𝘆, 𝗮𝗻𝗱…

𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡 𝗦𝗘𝗕𝗔𝗦𝗧𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗘𝗔𝗥𝗡𝗘𝗗 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗖𝗛𝗥𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗢𝗣𝗛 𝗪𝗢𝗟𝗙𝗙 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟳 𝗣𝘂𝗿𝘀𝘂𝗶𝗻𝗴 “𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗲𝘀𝘁 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗼𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘆” 𝗖𝗮𝗽𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗺𝗲𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗶𝗻 𝗖𝗼̈𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗻, 𝟭𝟳𝟭𝟳–𝟭𝟳𝟮𝟯 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗖𝗼̈𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗻 𝗬𝗲𝗮𝗿𝘀: 𝗣𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗹𝘆 𝗣𝗮𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗴𝗲, 𝗜𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗿𝘂𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗹 𝗠𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘆, 𝗧𝗿𝗮𝘃𝗲𝗹𝘀, 𝗟𝗼𝘀𝘀, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗖𝗮𝗻𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳…

𝗛𝗔𝗬𝗗𝗡, 𝗕𝗬 𝗝. 𝗖𝗨𝗧𝗛𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗧 𝗛𝗔𝗗𝗗𝗘𝗡 - 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟭𝟰 𝗧𝗥𝗜𝗨𝗠𝗣𝗛 𝗜𝗡 𝗘𝗡𝗚𝗟𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗙𝗜𝗥𝗦𝗧 𝗟𝗢𝗡𝗗𝗢𝗡 𝗝𝗢𝗨𝗥𝗡𝗘𝗬 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗖𝗢𝗠𝗣𝗢𝗦𝗘𝗥 𝗔𝗥𝗥𝗜𝗩𝗘𝗦 𝗜𝗡 𝗔 𝗡𝗘𝗪 𝗪𝗢𝗥𝗟𝗗 When 𝗝𝗼𝘀𝗲𝗽𝗵 𝗛𝗮𝘆𝗱𝗻 reached England at the beginning of 𝟭𝟳𝟵𝟭, he entered…

𝗛𝗔𝗬𝗗𝗡, 𝗕𝗬 𝗝. 𝗖𝗨𝗧𝗛𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗧 𝗛𝗔𝗗𝗗𝗘𝗡 - 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟭𝟯 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗢𝗡𝗗𝗢𝗡 𝗖𝗔𝗟𝗟 𝗛𝗔𝗬𝗗𝗡 𝗟𝗘𝗔𝗩𝗘𝗦 𝗔𝗨𝗦𝗧𝗥𝗜𝗔 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗘𝗡𝗗 𝗢𝗙 𝗔 𝗪𝗢𝗥𝗟𝗗 For nearly three decades, 𝗝𝗼𝘀𝗲𝗽𝗵 𝗛𝗮𝘆𝗱𝗻 had lived within the orbit of the 𝗘𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗵𝗮́𝘇𝘆 family.…

𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡 𝗦𝗘𝗕𝗔𝗦𝗧𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗘𝗔𝗥𝗡𝗘𝗗 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗖𝗛𝗥𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗢𝗣𝗛 𝗪𝗢𝗟𝗙𝗙 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟲 𝗘𝘅𝗽𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗛𝗼𝗿𝗶𝘇𝗼𝗻𝘀 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗺𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗶𝗻 𝗪𝗲𝗶𝗺𝗮𝗿, 𝟭𝟳𝟭𝟰–𝟭𝟳𝟭𝟳 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗛𝗲𝗮𝘃𝗲𝗻’𝘀 𝗖𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗹𝗲: 𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗵 𝗮𝘀 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗺𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿, 𝗖𝗮𝗻𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗼𝘀𝗲𝗿, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗰𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗧𝗵𝗼𝘂𝗴𝗵𝘁 In 𝟭𝟳𝟭𝟰, Johann…

𝗛𝗔𝗬𝗗𝗡, 𝗕𝗬 𝗝. 𝗖𝗨𝗧𝗛𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗧 𝗛𝗔𝗗𝗗𝗘𝗡 - 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟭𝟮 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗚𝗥𝗢𝗪𝗜𝗡𝗚 𝗙𝗔𝗠𝗘 𝗙𝗥𝗢𝗠 𝗣𝗥𝗜𝗩𝗔𝗧𝗘 𝗦𝗘𝗥𝗩𝗜𝗖𝗘 𝗧𝗢 𝗘𝗨𝗥𝗢𝗣𝗘𝗔𝗡 𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗢𝗪𝗡 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗣𝗔𝗥𝗔𝗗𝗢𝗫 𝗢𝗙 𝗔 𝗙𝗔𝗠𝗢𝗨𝗦 𝗠𝗔𝗡 𝗜𝗡 𝗔 𝗥𝗘𝗠𝗢𝗧𝗘 𝗣𝗔𝗟𝗔𝗖𝗘 One of the most remarkable paradoxes of…

𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧: 𝗔 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬𝗡𝗔𝗥𝗗 𝗦𝗢𝗟𝗢𝗠𝗢𝗡 𝗦𝗔𝗟𝗭𝗕𝗨𝗥𝗚 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟴 𝗔 𝗖𝗢𝗠𝗣𝗢𝗦𝗘𝗥’𝗦 𝗩𝗢𝗜𝗖𝗘 ════════════════════════════ 𝗜. 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗤𝗨𝗘𝗦𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 𝗢𝗙 𝗔 𝗩𝗢𝗜𝗖𝗘 After the chapter of Salzburg as Mozart’s ambiguous home—admiring him, employing him, limiting him, and eventually…

𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧: 𝗔 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬𝗡𝗔𝗥𝗗 𝗦𝗢𝗟𝗢𝗠𝗢𝗡 𝗦𝗔𝗟𝗭𝗕𝗨𝗥𝗚 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟳 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗙𝗔𝗩𝗢𝗥𝗜𝗧𝗘 𝗦𝗢𝗡 ════════════════════════════ 𝗜. 𝗦𝗔𝗟𝗭𝗕𝗨𝗥𝗚 𝗔𝗙𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝗜𝗧𝗔𝗟𝗬 After the dazzling Italian journeys, Mozart returned to Salzburg on 13 March 1773. He was no longer merely…

𝗖𝗹𝗮𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗚𝗮𝗹𝗹𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝗖𝗟𝗚𝟳𝟬𝟬𝟭 New Philharmonic Orchestra, Carlo Pantelli - Famous Overtures 𝗖𝗟𝗚𝟳𝟬𝟬𝟮 𝗕𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗻 - Symphony No. 5, 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝘂𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁 - Symphony No. 8 - Anton Nanut 𝗖𝗟𝗚𝟳𝟬𝟬𝟯 𝗪𝗮𝗴𝗻𝗲𝗿 - The Best Loved Opera Melodies 𝗖𝗟𝗚𝟳𝟬𝟬𝟰…