Posts / Fotos

𝗞𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗔 𝗥𝗜𝗖𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗥𝗘𝗟𝗟𝗜 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝘆𝗿𝗶𝗰 𝗦𝗼𝗽𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗼 𝗼𝗳 𝗣𝗼𝗲𝘁𝗿𝘆, 𝗥𝗶𝘀𝗸, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗜𝘁𝗮𝗹𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗢𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗰 𝗠𝗲𝗺𝗼𝗿𝘆 𝗞𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗮 𝗥𝗶𝗰𝗰𝗶𝗮𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶, born 𝗞𝗮𝘁𝗶𝘂𝘀𝗰𝗶𝗮 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗮 𝗦𝘁𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗮 𝗥𝗶𝗰𝗰𝗶𝗮𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶 in 𝗥𝗼𝘃𝗶𝗴𝗼, Veneto, on 𝟭𝟲 𝗝𝗮𝗻𝘂𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝟭𝟵𝟰𝟲, belongs to that fascinating category of singers whose…

𝗘𝗟𝗜𝗦𝗔𝗕𝗘𝗧𝗛 𝗦𝗖𝗛𝗪𝗔𝗥𝗭𝗞𝗢𝗣𝗙 𝗔𝗻𝗲𝗰𝗱𝗼𝘁𝗲𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗖𝘂𝗿𝗶𝗼𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗮 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝗳𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗶𝘀𝘁 𝗗𝗶𝘃𝗮 𝗘𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗮𝗯𝗲𝘁𝗵 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝘄𝗮𝗿𝘇𝗸𝗼𝗽𝗳 remains one of the most fascinating, admired, and controversial sopranos in the history of recorded singing. Her name evokes an entire world of…

𝗘𝗟𝗜𝗦𝗔𝗕𝗘𝗧𝗛 𝗦𝗖𝗛𝗪𝗔𝗥𝗭𝗞𝗢𝗣𝗙 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗛𝗘𝗥𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗧 𝗩𝗢𝗡 𝗞𝗔𝗥𝗔𝗝𝗔𝗡 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝗳𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻, 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗹, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗣𝗼𝘀𝘁-𝗪𝗮𝗿 𝗚𝗼𝗹𝗱𝗲𝗻 𝗔𝗴𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗢𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮 The artistic relationship between 𝗘𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗮𝗯𝗲𝘁𝗵 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝘄𝗮𝗿𝘇𝗸𝗼𝗽𝗳 and 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁 𝘃𝗼𝗻 𝗞𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗷𝗮𝗻 belongs to one of the most refined chapters in…

𝗪𝗔𝗚𝗡𝗘𝗥 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗠𝗘𝗬𝗘𝗥𝗕𝗘𝗘𝗥 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗣𝗮𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗻, 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗗𝗲𝗯𝘁, 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗕𝗲𝘁𝗿𝗮𝘆𝗮𝗹 — 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗢𝗻𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗠𝗼𝘀𝘁 𝗧𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗯𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗥𝗲𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗵𝗶𝗽𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝗡𝗶𝗻𝗲𝘁𝗲𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗵-𝗖𝗲𝗻𝘁𝘂𝗿𝘆 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰 The relationship between 𝗥𝗶𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗱 𝗪𝗮𝗴𝗻𝗲𝗿 and 𝗚𝗶𝗮𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗼 𝗠𝗲𝘆𝗲𝗿𝗯𝗲𝗲𝗿 is one of the most revealing,…

𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗜𝗡 𝗗𝗩𝗢ŘÁ𝗞 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀 𝗧𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗢𝗽𝗲𝗻𝗲𝗱 𝗮 𝗗𝗼𝗼𝗿 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗟𝗲𝗳𝘁 𝗮 𝗧𝗿𝗮𝗰𝗲 The influence of 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝘀 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝗵𝗺𝘀 on 𝗔𝗻𝘁𝗼𝗻í𝗻 𝗗𝘃𝗼řá𝗸 was never a simple matter of imitation. It was more subtle, more fruitful,…

𝗞𝗶𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗻, 𝗞𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗷𝗮𝗻, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗧𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗶𝗸𝗼𝘃𝘀𝗸𝘆: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗮𝘀𝘁 𝗚𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁 𝗠𝗶𝗿𝗮𝗰𝗹𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗞𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗷𝗮𝗻’𝘀 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗲𝗴𝗲𝗻𝗱 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ak5l3y0Bzc&t=1108s (VIDEO) Probably the greatest version that we will ever hear of this magnificent work Sadly this would be Karajan's final performance…

𝗞𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗷𝗮𝗻 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗣𝗼𝗴𝗼𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗶𝗰𝗵: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗥𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗿𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗧𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗖𝗼𝗹𝗹𝗮𝗽𝘀𝗲𝗱 𝗕𝗲𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝗜𝘁 𝗪𝗮𝘀 𝗕𝗼𝗿𝗻 The famous failed collaboration between 𝗜𝘃𝗼 𝗣𝗼𝗴𝗼𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗶𝗰𝗵 and 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁 𝘃𝗼𝗻 𝗞𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗷𝗮𝗻 concerned 𝗧𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗶𝗸𝗼𝘃𝘀𝗸𝘆’𝘀 𝗣𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗼 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗼 𝗡𝗼. 𝟭 𝗶𝗻 𝗕-𝗳𝗹𝗮𝘁 𝗺𝗶𝗻𝗼𝗿, 𝗢𝗽. 𝟮𝟯, and…

𝗝𝗮𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗮 𝗛𝗲𝗶𝗳𝗲𝘁𝘇: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗿𝗲𝗺𝗲 𝗩𝗶𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗶𝘀𝘁 — 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗶𝗽𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲, 𝗙𝗶𝗿𝗲, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗔𝗿𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝗳𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗜 – 𝗩𝗶𝗹𝗻𝗶𝘂𝘀: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗕𝗶𝗿𝘁𝗵 𝗼𝗳 𝗮 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗱𝗶𝗴𝘆 𝗝𝗮𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗮 𝗛𝗲𝗶𝗳𝗲𝘁𝘇 was born on 𝗙𝗲𝗯𝗿𝘂𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝟮, 𝟭𝟵𝟬𝟭, in 𝗩𝗶𝗹𝗻𝗶𝘂𝘀, then part…

𝗝𝗼𝗿𝗱𝗶 𝗦𝗮𝘃𝗮𝗹𝗹: 𝗟𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗼𝗻𝘀 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲 – 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗘𝗮𝗿𝗹𝘆 𝗬𝗲𝗮𝗿𝘀 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗜 – 𝗖𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗵𝗼𝗼𝗱 𝗶𝗻 𝗖𝗮𝘁𝗮𝗹𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗮 (𝟭𝟵𝟰𝟭–𝟭𝟵𝟱𝟬) 𝗝𝗼𝗿𝗱𝗶 𝗦𝗮𝘃𝗮𝗹𝗹 𝗶 𝗕𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗮𝗱𝗲𝘁 was born on 𝗔𝘂𝗴𝘂𝘀𝘁 𝟭, 𝟭𝟵𝟰𝟭, in 𝗜𝗴𝘂𝗮𝗹𝗮𝗱𝗮, a small industrial town in 𝗖𝗮𝘁𝗮𝗹𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗮.…

𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺 𝗕𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗻’𝘀 𝗣𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝘁𝗼 𝗠𝗮𝗵𝗹𝗲𝗿, 𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗮𝘂𝘀𝘀, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗦𝗶𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗶𝘂𝘀: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗩𝗮𝘀𝘁 𝗟𝗲𝗴𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗼𝗳 𝗕𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗻’𝘀 𝗦𝗶𝘅𝘁𝗵 𝗦𝘆𝗺𝗽𝗵𝗼𝗻𝘆 The influence of 𝗕𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗻’𝘀 𝗦𝗶𝘅𝘁𝗵 𝗦𝘆𝗺𝗽𝗵𝗼𝗻𝘆, the “𝗣𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗮𝗹”, Op. 68, can be clearly perceived in many later works in…

𝐁𝐞𝐧𝐢𝐚𝐦𝐢𝐧𝐨 𝐆𝐢𝐠𝐥𝐢: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐆𝐨𝐥𝐝𝐞𝐧-𝐓𝐡𝐫𝐨𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐓𝐞𝐧𝐨𝐫 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐋𝐲𝐫𝐢𝐜 𝐁𝐞𝐚𝐮𝐭𝐲, 𝐓𝐞𝐚𝐫𝐬, 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐈𝐭𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐚𝐧 𝐏𝐚𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐋𝐞𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐝 There are tenors whose fame rests on brilliance, others on heroic force, and a very few whose voices seem…

𝐓𝐢𝐭𝐭𝐚 𝐑𝐮𝐟𝐟𝐨: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐋𝐢𝐨𝐧-𝐕𝐨𝐢𝐜𝐞𝐝 𝐁𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐨𝐧𝐞 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐕𝐞𝐫𝐝𝐢, 𝐃𝐫𝐚𝐦𝐚, 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐎𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐏𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐋𝐞𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐝 There are baritones whose greatness rests on style, others on refinement, and a very few whose very sound seems to…

# **𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗜𝗡 𝗦𝗪𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗗’𝗦 𝗕𝗜𝗢𝗚𝗥𝗔𝗣𝗛𝗬 - 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝟮𝟮 — 𝗩𝗶𝘃𝗮 𝗹𝗮 𝗟𝗶𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁à** **𝗗𝗮 𝗣𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗲 𝗔𝘁 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗛𝗲𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁 𝗢𝗳 𝗛𝗶𝘀 𝗣𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿** By 1787, **Lorenzo Da Ponte** had risen from uncertain newcomer to one of the…

𝐂𝐡𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐩𝐡 𝐖𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐛𝐚𝐥𝐝 𝐆𝐥𝐮𝐜𝐤: 𝐁𝐢𝐨𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐩𝐡𝐲, 𝐖𝐨𝐫𝐤𝐬, 𝐀𝐧𝐞𝐜𝐝𝐨𝐭𝐞𝐬, 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐢𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝐂𝐡𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐩𝐡 𝐖𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐛𝐚𝐥𝐝 𝐆𝐥𝐮𝐜𝐤, later known as 𝐑𝐢𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐯𝐨𝐧 𝐆𝐥𝐮𝐜𝐤, was born on 𝟐 𝐉𝐮𝐥𝐲 𝟏𝟕𝟏𝟒 in 𝐄𝐫𝐚𝐬𝐛𝐚𝐜𝐡, near Berching in the Upper Palatinate, and died on…

𝗕𝗥𝗨𝗖𝗞𝗡𝗘𝗥’𝗦 𝗜𝗡𝗙𝗟𝗨𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗢𝗡 𝗟𝗔𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝗖𝗢𝗠𝗣𝗢𝗦𝗘𝗥𝗦 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗪𝗢𝗥𝗞𝗦 Anton Bruckner’s influence on later composers was profound, though not always straightforward. Unlike Wagner, whose influence was immediately visible in opera, harmony, and aesthetics, Bruckner’s legacy developed…

𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐋𝐢𝐟𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐇𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐥 - 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟭𝟮: 𝗟𝗢𝗡𝗗𝗢𝗡 𝗖𝗢𝗡𝗤𝗨𝗘𝗥𝗘𝗗 — 𝗥𝗜𝗡𝗔𝗟𝗗𝗢 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗜𝗡𝗦𝗧𝗔𝗡𝗧 𝗙𝗔𝗠𝗘 (𝟭𝟳𝟭𝟬–𝟭𝟳𝟭𝟮) When Handel moved from 𝗛𝗮𝗻𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿 toward 𝗟𝗼𝗻𝗱𝗼𝗻, he was no longer the uncertain young musician who had once left…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗪𝗢𝗥𝗞 𝗢𝗙 𝗙𝗥𝗔𝗡𝗭 𝗦𝗖𝗛𝗨𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗧 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟳 — 𝗙𝗜𝗚𝗛𝗧 𝗔𝗚𝗔𝗜𝗡𝗦𝗧 𝗜𝗟𝗟𝗡𝗘𝗦𝗦 𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘇 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝘂𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁 𝗯𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗻 𝗽𝗵𝘆𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗱𝗲𝗰𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲, 𝗶𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗿 𝗿𝗲𝘀𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗰𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝗽𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲 (𝟭𝟴𝟮𝟯–𝟭𝟴𝟮𝟰) If Chapter 6 revealed the existence of 𝗧𝘄𝗼 𝗡𝗮𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲𝘀 within…

𝗖𝗔𝗥𝗟𝗢 𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗚𝗢𝗡𝗭𝗜: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗩𝗢𝗜𝗖𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗗𝗜 𝗔 𝗕𝗶𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗽𝗵𝘆 𝗶𝗻 20 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀 𝗪𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗲𝘀, 𝗖𝘂𝗿𝗶𝗼𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗔𝗻𝗲𝗰𝗱𝗼𝘁𝗲𝘀 1. 𝗕𝗶𝗿𝘁𝗵 𝗶𝗻 𝗩𝗲𝗿𝗱𝗶 𝗖𝗼𝘂𝗻𝘁𝗿𝘆 Carlo Bergonzi was born on 13 July 1924 in Vidalenzo, near Parma, in…

𝐔𝐧𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐚𝐬𝐚𝐧𝐭 𝐒𝐢𝐭𝐮𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬 𝐓𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐂𝐚𝐧 𝐇𝐚𝐩𝐩𝐞𝐧 𝐚𝐭 𝐚 𝐋𝐢𝐯𝐞 𝐂𝐥𝐚𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐏𝐞𝐫𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞 Going to a concert hall or opera house can be one of life’s most moving experiences. Live classical music offers beauty, concentration, presence, and…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗗𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗛 𝗢𝗙 𝗕𝗘𝗘𝗧𝗛𝗢𝗩𝗘𝗡 — 𝗔 𝗖𝗢𝗠𝗣𝗟𝗘𝗧𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗔𝗟𝗬𝗦𝗜𝗦 Vienna, 1826–1827 Age at death: 56 𝗜. 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗙𝗜𝗡𝗔𝗟 𝗗𝗘𝗦𝗖𝗘𝗡𝗧 𝗕𝗘𝗚𝗜𝗡𝗦 — 𝗦𝗨𝗠𝗠𝗘𝗥 𝗧𝗢 𝗔𝗨𝗧𝗨𝗠𝗡 𝟭𝟴𝟮𝟲 Beethoven’s final decline did not begin in a single dramatic…

𝗔 𝗣𝗦𝗬𝗖𝗛𝗢𝗟𝗢𝗚𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗟 𝗣𝗢𝗥𝗧𝗥𝗔𝗜𝗧 𝗢𝗙 𝗙𝗘𝗟𝗜𝗫 𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗗𝗘𝗟𝗦𝗦𝗢𝗛𝗡 𝗜𝗡 𝗛𝗜𝗦 𝗙𝗜𝗡𝗔𝗟 𝗬𝗘𝗔𝗥 (𝟭𝟴𝟰𝟳) 𝗜. 𝗔 𝗺𝗮𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝗼𝗿𝗱𝗲𝗿 𝗼𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗴𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗰𝗼𝗹𝗹𝗮𝗽𝘀𝗲 To understand 𝗙𝗲𝗹𝗶𝘅 𝗠𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗹𝘀𝘀𝗼𝗵𝗻 in 𝟭𝟴𝟰𝟳, one must begin with a paradox. He…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗗𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗛 𝗢𝗙 𝗙𝗘𝗟𝗜𝗫 𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗗𝗘𝗟𝗦𝗦𝗢𝗛𝗡 — 𝗔 𝗖𝗢𝗠𝗣𝗟𝗘𝗧𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗔𝗟𝗬𝗦𝗜𝗦 𝗜. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗹𝗼𝗻𝗴 𝘀𝗵𝗮𝗱𝗼𝘄 𝗯𝗲𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗲𝗻𝗱 The death of 𝗙𝗲𝗹𝗶𝘅 𝗠𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗹𝘀𝘀𝗼𝗵𝗻 on 𝗡𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗿 𝟰, 𝟭𝟴𝟰𝟳, in 𝗟𝗲𝗶𝗽𝘇𝗶𝗴, at the age of only 𝟯𝟴, was…

𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗛𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗹 - 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟳: 𝗛𝗔𝗠𝗕𝗨𝗥𝗚 𝗜𝗡 𝗥𝗨𝗜𝗡𝗦, 𝗜𝗧𝗔𝗟𝗬 𝗜𝗡 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗗𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗔𝗡𝗖𝗘 (𝟭𝟳𝟬𝟱–𝟭𝟳𝟬𝟲) The success of 𝗔𝗹𝗺𝗶𝗿𝗮 might seem, at first glance, like the beginning of a secure ascent. A young composer…

𝗣𝗢𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗕𝗟𝗘 𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗢𝗨𝗡𝗧𝗘𝗥𝗦 𝗕𝗘𝗧𝗪𝗘𝗘𝗡 𝗚𝗨𝗦𝗧𝗔𝗩 𝗞𝗟𝗜𝗠𝗧 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗚𝗨𝗦𝗧𝗔𝗩 𝗠𝗔𝗛𝗟𝗘𝗥 𝗜𝗡 𝗩𝗜𝗘𝗡𝗡𝗔 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 The idea of encounters between 𝗚𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗮𝘃 𝗞𝗹𝗶𝗺𝘁 and 𝗚𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗮𝘃 𝗠𝗮𝗵𝗹𝗲𝗿 is not only plausible but historically very likely. Both stood near the center…