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𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗗𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗛 𝗢𝗙 𝗔𝗡𝗧𝗢𝗡𝗜𝗢 𝗩𝗜𝗩𝗔𝗟𝗗𝗜 — 𝗔 𝗖𝗢𝗠𝗣𝗟𝗘𝗧𝗘 𝗡𝗔𝗥𝗥𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗩𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗔𝗟𝗬𝗦𝗜𝗦 𝗜𝗹𝗹𝗻𝗲𝘀𝘀, 𝗽𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘁𝘆, 𝗱𝗲𝗰𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲, 𝗽𝗼𝗹𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗺𝗶𝘀𝗳𝗼𝗿𝘁𝘂𝗻𝗲, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗺𝘆𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝗼𝗳 𝗮 𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗴𝗼𝘁𝘁𝗲𝗻 𝗳𝘂𝗻𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗜. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗜𝗿𝗼𝗻𝘆: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗥𝗲𝗱 𝗣𝗿𝗶𝗲𝘀𝘁 𝗗𝘆𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗙𝗮𝗿 𝗳𝗿𝗼𝗺 𝗩𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗰𝗲 𝗔𝗻𝘁𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗼…

𝗗𝗔𝗥𝗞𝗡𝗘𝗦𝗦, 𝗦𝗜𝗟𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗥𝗜𝗨𝗠𝗣𝗛: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗙𝗜𝗡𝗔𝗟 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗧𝗛𝗥𝗘𝗘 𝗕𝗔𝗥𝗢𝗤𝗨𝗘 𝗟𝗘𝗚𝗘𝗡𝗗𝗦 𝗝𝗲𝗮𝗻-𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗲 𝗟𝗲𝗰𝗹𝗮𝗶𝗿, 𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻ç𝗼𝗶𝘀 𝗖𝗼𝘂𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗻, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗝𝗲𝗮𝗻-𝗣𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗽𝗽𝗲 𝗥𝗮𝗺𝗲𝗮𝘂 𝗮𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗲𝗱𝗴𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗱𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗵 𝗜. 𝗧𝗵𝗿𝗲𝗲 𝗕𝗮𝗿𝗼𝗾𝘂𝗲 𝗟𝗶𝘃𝗲𝘀, 𝗧𝗵𝗿𝗲𝗲 𝗗𝗶𝗳𝗳𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗘𝗻𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴𝘀 The deaths of 𝗝𝗲𝗮𝗻-𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗲…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗗𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗛 𝗢𝗙 𝗖𝗟𝗔𝗨𝗗𝗜𝗢 𝗠𝗢𝗡𝗧𝗘𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗗𝗜 — 𝗔 𝗖𝗢𝗠𝗣𝗟𝗘𝗧𝗘 𝗡𝗔𝗥𝗥𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗩𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗔𝗟𝗬𝗦𝗜𝗦 𝗜𝗹𝗹𝗻𝗲𝘀𝘀, 𝗲𝘅𝗵𝗮𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻, 𝘀𝗽𝗶𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘂𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘁𝘆, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘁𝘄𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗳𝗶𝗿𝘀𝘁 𝗴𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁 𝗼𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗼𝘀𝗲𝗿 𝗜. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗜𝗺𝗮𝗴𝗲: 𝗔 𝗠𝗮𝗻 𝗕𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗻 𝗧𝘄𝗼 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗹𝗱𝘀 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝘂𝗱𝗶𝗼 𝗠𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗱𝗶 died…

𝗔𝗹𝗳𝗿𝗲𝗱 𝗕𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗹 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗧𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗣𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗶𝘀𝘁: 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲, 𝗔𝗿𝘁, 𝗥𝗲𝗽𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗼𝗿𝘆, 𝗖𝘂𝗿𝗶𝗼𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗔𝗻𝗲𝗰𝗱𝗼𝘁𝗲𝘀 Alfred Brendel occupies a singular place in the history of twentieth-century pianism. He was not the glamorous prodigy, not the thunderous virtuoso, not…

𝗦𝗺𝗲𝘁𝗮𝗻𝗮 - 𝗗𝗶𝗲 𝗩𝗲𝗿𝗸𝗮𝘂𝗳𝘁𝗲 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝘂𝘁 (𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗕𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗱 𝗕𝗿𝗶𝗱𝗲) - 𝗢𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮 - 𝟭𝟴𝟲𝟲 - 𝗥𝘂𝗱𝗼𝗹𝗳 𝗞𝗲𝗺𝗽𝗲 https://www.patreon.com/posts/smetana-die-139010374?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗕𝗔𝗥𝗧𝗘𝗥𝗘𝗗 𝗕𝗥𝗜𝗗𝗘 — 𝗦𝗠𝗘𝗧𝗔𝗡𝗔’𝗦 𝗖𝗭𝗘𝗖𝗛 𝗖𝗢𝗠𝗜𝗖 𝗠𝗔𝗦𝗧𝗘𝗥𝗣𝗜𝗘𝗖𝗘 𝗗𝗶𝗲 𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗸𝗮𝘂𝗳𝘁𝗲 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝘂𝘁 — 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗕𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗱 𝗕𝗿𝗶𝗱𝗲 — is undoubtedly…

𝗘𝗟𝗜𝗦𝗔𝗕𝗘𝗧𝗛 𝗦𝗖𝗛𝗪𝗔𝗥𝗭𝗞𝗢𝗣𝗙 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗛𝗘𝗥𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗧 𝗩𝗢𝗡 𝗞𝗔𝗥𝗔𝗝𝗔𝗡 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝗳𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻, 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗹, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗣𝗼𝘀𝘁-𝗪𝗮𝗿 𝗚𝗼𝗹𝗱𝗲𝗻 𝗔𝗴𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗢𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮 The artistic relationship between 𝗘𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗮𝗯𝗲𝘁𝗵 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝘄𝗮𝗿𝘇𝗸𝗼𝗽𝗳 and 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁 𝘃𝗼𝗻 𝗞𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗷𝗮𝗻 belongs to one of the most refined chapters in…

𝐓𝐢𝐭𝐭𝐚 𝐑𝐮𝐟𝐟𝐨: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐋𝐢𝐨𝐧-𝐕𝐨𝐢𝐜𝐞𝐝 𝐁𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐨𝐧𝐞 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐕𝐞𝐫𝐝𝐢, 𝐃𝐫𝐚𝐦𝐚, 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐎𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐏𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐋𝐞𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐝 There are baritones whose greatness rests on style, others on refinement, and a very few whose very sound seems to…

𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐋𝐢𝐟𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐇𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐥 - 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟭𝟱: 𝗙𝗥𝗢𝗠 𝗖𝗥𝗜𝗦𝗜𝗦 𝗧𝗢 𝗜𝗠𝗠𝗢𝗥𝗧𝗔𝗟𝗜𝗧𝗬 — 𝗠𝗘𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗔𝗛, 𝗕𝗟𝗜𝗡𝗗𝗡𝗘𝗦𝗦, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗙𝗜𝗡𝗔𝗟 𝗚𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗬 (𝟭𝟳𝟯𝟳–𝟭𝟳𝟱𝟵) By the later 1730s, Handel had already known triumph, domination, rivalry, collapse, and physical exhaustion. The…

𝗕𝗥𝗨𝗖𝗞𝗡𝗘𝗥’𝗦 𝗜𝗡𝗙𝗟𝗨𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗢𝗡 𝗟𝗔𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝗖𝗢𝗠𝗣𝗢𝗦𝗘𝗥𝗦 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗪𝗢𝗥𝗞𝗦 Anton Bruckner’s influence on later composers was profound, though not always straightforward. Unlike Wagner, whose influence was immediately visible in opera, harmony, and aesthetics, Bruckner’s legacy developed…

𝗞𝗜𝗥𝗦𝗧𝗘𝗡 𝗙𝗟𝗔𝗚𝗦𝗧𝗔𝗗: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗩𝗢𝗜𝗖𝗘 𝗧𝗛𝗔𝗧 𝗖𝗢𝗡𝗤𝗨𝗘𝗥𝗘𝗗 𝗪𝗔𝗚𝗡𝗘𝗥 𝗔 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗶𝗻 20 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀 1. 𝗕𝗼𝗿𝗻 𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗼 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰 Kirsten Malfrid Flagstad was born on 12 July 1895 in Hamar, Norway, and died on 7 December 1962…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗪𝗢𝗥𝗞 𝗢𝗙 𝗙𝗥𝗔𝗡𝗭 𝗦𝗖𝗛𝗨𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗧 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟰 — 𝗢𝗣𝗣𝗢𝗥𝗧𝗨𝗡𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗘𝗦 𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘇 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝘂𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁 𝗯𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗻 𝗳𝗿𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗱𝘀𝗵𝗶𝗽, 𝗻𝗲𝘄 𝗵𝗼𝗽𝗲𝘀, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗳𝗶𝗿𝘀𝘁 𝘄𝗶𝗱𝗲𝗿 𝗵𝗼𝗿𝗶𝘇𝗼𝗻𝘀 (𝟭𝟴𝟭𝟳–𝟭𝟴𝟭𝟵) With this fourth chapter, Schubert’s life begins to open outward in…

𝐂𝐥𝐚𝐮𝐝𝐞 𝐌𝐨𝐧𝐞𝐭: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐲𝐞 𝐎𝐟 𝐋𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞, 𝐓𝐢𝐦𝐞, 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐂𝐨𝐥𝐨𝐫 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐀 𝐍𝐞𝐰 𝐖𝐚𝐲 𝐎𝐟 𝐒𝐞𝐞𝐢𝐧𝐠 - 𝗣𝗼𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗯𝗹𝗲 𝗘𝗻𝗰𝗼𝘂𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗺𝗽𝗼𝗿𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗼𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘀 There are painters who refine inherited forms, and there are…

𝐄𝐝𝐨𝐮𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐋𝐚𝐥𝐨: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐋𝐚𝐭𝐞-𝐁𝐥𝐨𝐨𝐦𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐌𝐚𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐅𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐡 𝐂𝐥𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐩𝐚𝐧𝐢𝐬𝐡 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐞 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐌𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐋𝐞𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐝 There are composers who conquer early, and there are others whose true stature emerges only after years of obscurity,…

𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐥𝐞𝐬 𝐆𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐨𝐝: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐌𝐞𝐥𝐨𝐝𝐢𝐬𝐭 𝐎𝐟 𝐒𝐨𝐮𝐥, 𝐋𝐨𝐯𝐞, 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐅𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐡 𝐆𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐞 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐆𝐚𝐯𝐞 𝐎𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐚 𝐈𝐭𝐬 𝐅𝐚𝐮𝐬𝐭 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐈𝐭𝐬 𝐉𝐮𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐭 There are composers who astonish by formal innovation, others by orchestral daring, and others by the…

𝐉𝐮𝐥𝐞𝐬 𝐌𝐚𝐬𝐬𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐭: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐨𝐞𝐭 𝐎𝐟 𝐅𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐡 𝐎𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐚 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐄𝐥𝐞𝐠𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞, 𝐒𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐮𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐭𝐲, 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐌𝐞𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐡𝐨𝐥𝐲 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐌𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐌𝐚𝐠𝐢𝐜 There are composers who dominate by monumentality, and others who conquer through something apparently lighter but no less…

𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗵 - 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗻𝗯𝘂𝗿𝗴 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗼𝘀 - 𝗞𝗼𝗻𝗿𝗮𝗱 𝗛𝘂𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗿 https://www.patreon.com/posts/bach-brandenburg-155293360?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗵𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝘆 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗼𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗵’𝘀 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗻𝗯𝘂𝗿𝗴 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗼𝘀 is one of the great stories in Baroque music, because these six works stand at the meeting…

𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗛𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗹 - 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟰: 𝗛𝗔𝗠𝗕𝗨𝗥𝗚 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗙𝗜𝗥𝗦𝗧 𝗕𝗔𝗧𝗧𝗟𝗘𝗙𝗜𝗘𝗟𝗗 𝗢𝗙 𝗔𝗠𝗕𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 (𝟭𝟳𝟬𝟯–𝟭𝟳𝟬𝟰) When Handel left Halle in the spring of 1703, he was not simply changing cities. He was crossing a…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗗𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗛 𝗢𝗙 𝗙𝗥É𝗗É𝗥𝗜𝗖 𝗖𝗛𝗢𝗣𝗜𝗡 — 𝗔 𝗖𝗢𝗠𝗣𝗟𝗘𝗧𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗔𝗟𝗬𝗦𝗜𝗦 𝗜. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗬𝗲𝗮𝗿𝘀: 𝗗𝗲𝗰𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝗠𝗮𝗱𝗲 𝗩𝗶𝘀𝗶𝗯𝗹𝗲 (𝟭𝟴𝟰𝟲–𝟭𝟴𝟰𝟵) By the mid-1840s, Chopin’s health — always fragile — had entered an unmistakably worsening phase. He had…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗞𝗜𝗡𝗚 𝗢𝗙 𝗔 𝗥𝗘𝗕𝗘𝗟: 𝗦𝗘𝗥𝗚𝗜𝗨 𝗖𝗘𝗟𝗜𝗕𝗜𝗗𝗔𝗖𝗛𝗘’𝗦 𝗖𝗛𝗜𝗟𝗗𝗛𝗢𝗢𝗗 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗔𝗗𝗢𝗟𝗘𝗦𝗖𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘, 𝗙𝗥𝗢𝗠 𝗥𝗢𝗠𝗔𝗡 𝗧𝗢 𝗛𝗜𝗦 𝟮𝟭𝗦𝗧 𝗬𝗘𝗔𝗥 𝗜. 𝗕𝗜𝗥𝗧𝗛, 𝗙𝗔𝗠𝗜𝗟𝗬, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗘𝗔𝗥𝗟𝗬 𝗥𝗢𝗠𝗔𝗡𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗪𝗢𝗥𝗟𝗗 Sergiu Celibidache was born in Roman, Romania, in 1912, into…

𝗚𝗶𝘂𝘀𝗲𝗽𝗽𝗲 𝗧𝗼𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗘𝗮𝗿𝗹𝘆 𝗠𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗪𝗵𝗼 𝗦𝗵𝗮𝗽𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗕𝗮𝗿𝗼𝗾𝘂𝗲 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗼 𝗚𝗶𝘂𝘀𝗲𝗽𝗽𝗲 𝗧𝗼𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶 (1658–1709) was an Italian Baroque composer and violinist who played 𝗮 𝗰𝗿𝘂𝗰𝗶𝗮𝗹 𝗿𝗼𝗹𝗲 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗱𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗹𝗼𝗽𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗼. Born in 𝗩𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻𝗮…

𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗮𝗺 𝗕𝗼𝘆𝗰𝗲: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗡𝗼𝗯𝗹𝗲 𝗘𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗵 𝗩𝗼𝗶𝗰𝗲 𝗕𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗻 𝗕𝗮𝗿𝗼𝗾𝘂𝗲 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗶𝘀𝗺 𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗮𝗺 𝗕𝗼𝘆𝗰𝗲 (1711–1779) was one of the most important English composers of the eighteenth century and 𝗮 𝗰𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗳𝗶𝗴𝘂𝗿𝗲 𝗶𝗻 𝗘𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗱’𝘀 𝗺𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗹𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗮𝗳𝘁𝗲𝗿…

𝐋𝐞𝐨𝐩𝐨𝐥𝐝 𝐒𝐭𝐨𝐤𝐨𝐰𝐬𝐤𝐢: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐖𝐢𝐳𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐎𝐟 𝐒𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐎𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐬 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐋𝐢𝐯𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐞 There are conductors who preserve tradition, and there are others who seem to reinvent the very act of orchestral music-making. 𝐋𝐞𝐨𝐩𝐨𝐥𝐝 𝐒𝐭𝐨𝐤𝐨𝐰𝐬𝐤𝐢…

𝐂𝐀𝐑𝐋 𝐒𝐂𝐇𝐔𝐑𝐈𝐂𝐇𝐓 (𝟏𝟖𝟖𝟎–𝟏𝟗𝟔𝟕) 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐀𝐄𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐎 𝐎𝐅 𝐅𝐋𝐎𝐖 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐓𝐑𝐔𝐓𝐇 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐃𝐔𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑 𝐖𝐇𝐎 𝐋𝐄𝐓 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂 𝐁𝐑𝐄𝐀𝐓𝐇 𝐁𝐈𝐑𝐓𝐇 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐄𝐀𝐑𝐋𝐘 𝐅𝐎𝐑𝐌𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 — 𝐀 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂𝐈𝐀𝐍 𝐁𝐄𝐅𝐎𝐑𝐄 𝐀 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐃𝐔𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑 𝐂𝐚𝐫𝐥 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐮𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐡𝐭 (𝟑 𝐉𝐮𝐥𝐲 𝟏𝟖𝟖𝟎 – 𝟕 𝐉𝐚𝐧𝐮𝐚𝐫𝐲…

𝐄𝐑𝐍𝐒𝐓 𝐕𝐎𝐍 𝐒𝐂𝐇𝐔𝐂𝐇 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐒𝐈𝐋𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐒𝐎𝐕𝐄𝐑𝐄𝐈𝐆𝐍 𝐎𝐅 𝐃𝐑𝐄𝐒𝐃𝐄𝐍: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐃𝐔𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑 𝐖𝐇𝐎 𝐆𝐀𝐕𝐄 𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐔𝐒𝐒 𝐀 𝐊𝐈𝐍𝐆𝐃𝐎𝐌 𝐈. 𝐁𝐎𝐇𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐀𝐍 𝐁𝐄𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐍𝐈𝐍𝐆𝐒 — 𝐀 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂𝐈𝐀𝐍 𝐁𝐎𝐑𝐍 𝐁𝐄𝐓𝐖𝐄𝐄𝐍 𝐖𝐎𝐑𝐋𝐃𝐒 (1846–1860s) 𝐄𝐫𝐧𝐬𝐭 𝐯𝐨𝐧 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐮𝐜𝐡 was born on 23 November…