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𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗢𝗩𝗘 𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗔𝗜𝗥𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡𝗦 — 𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗠𝗘 𝗜𝗜 𝗥𝗨𝗣𝗘𝗥𝗧 𝗛𝗨𝗚𝗛𝗘𝗦 𝗙𝗥𝗔𝗡𝗭 𝗟𝗜𝗦𝗧 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗣𝗜𝗔𝗡𝗜𝗦𝗧 𝗔𝗦 𝗟𝗘𝗚𝗘𝗡𝗗, 𝗟𝗢𝗩𝗘𝗥, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗦𝗣𝗜𝗥𝗜𝗧𝗨𝗔𝗟 𝗪𝗔𝗡𝗗𝗘𝗥𝗘𝗥 Rupert Hughes begins the second volume of 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗼𝘃𝗲 𝗔𝗳𝗳𝗮𝗶𝗿𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗚𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁…

𝗛𝗔𝗬𝗗𝗡, 𝗕𝗬 𝗝. 𝗖𝗨𝗧𝗛𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗧 𝗛𝗔𝗗𝗗𝗘𝗡 - 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟱 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗨𝗡𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗣𝗬 𝗠𝗔𝗥𝗥𝗜𝗔𝗚𝗘 𝗔𝗥𝗧𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗜𝗖 𝗔𝗠𝗕𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗗𝗢𝗠𝗘𝗦𝗧𝗜𝗖 𝗗𝗜𝗦𝗔𝗣𝗣𝗢𝗜𝗡𝗧𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗧 𝗔 𝗣𝗘𝗥𝗦𝗢𝗡𝗔𝗟 𝗦𝗛𝗔𝗗𝗢𝗪 𝗔𝗧 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗠𝗢𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗧 𝗢𝗙 𝗣𝗥𝗢𝗙𝗘𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗢𝗡𝗔𝗟 𝗗𝗔𝗪𝗡 The years around 𝟭𝟳𝟱𝟵–𝟭𝟳𝟲𝟬 should have been, and in…

𝗧𝗜𝗥𝗦𝗢 𝗗𝗘 𝗠𝗢𝗟𝗜𝗡𝗔 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗛𝗜𝗦 𝗥𝗘𝗟𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡𝗦𝗛𝗜𝗣 𝗪𝗜𝗧𝗛 𝗖𝗟𝗔𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗟 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖 𝗧𝗶𝗿𝘀𝗼 𝗱𝗲 𝗠𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗮 — 𝗰. 𝟭𝟱𝟳𝟵–𝟭𝟲𝟰𝟴 After 𝗠𝗶𝗴𝘂𝗲𝗹 𝗱𝗲 𝗖𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗮𝗻𝘁𝗲𝘀, 𝗧𝗶𝗿𝘀𝗼 𝗱𝗲 𝗠𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗮 is probably the Spanish writer whose indirect influence on classical music was…

𝗘𝗗𝗚𝗔𝗥 𝗔𝗟𝗟𝗔𝗡 𝗣𝗢𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗛𝗜𝗦 𝗖𝗢𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗖𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 𝗪𝗜𝗧𝗛 𝗖𝗟𝗔𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗟 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖 𝗘𝗱𝗴𝗮𝗿 𝗔𝗹𝗹𝗮𝗻 𝗣𝗼𝗲, born in Boston on 19 January 1809 and dead in Baltimore on 7 October 1849, was not a musician in the professional…

𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗠𝗘 𝗜𝗜 — 𝗙𝗜𝗡𝗔𝗟 𝗖𝗔𝗧𝗔𝗟𝗢𝗚𝗨𝗘 𝗣𝗢𝗦𝗧 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀 𝗔𝘀 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗕𝗶𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗽𝗵𝘆 𝗢𝗳 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝗵𝗺𝘀 After the death of 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝘀 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝗵𝗺𝘀, Florence May’s biography changes its nature.…

𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗠𝗘 𝗜𝗜 — 𝗙𝗜𝗡𝗔𝗟 𝗦𝗨𝗣𝗣𝗟𝗘𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗧 𝗔𝗳𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝟭𝟭: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗖𝗮𝘁𝗮𝗹𝗼𝗴𝘂𝗲𝘀, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗢𝗿𝗴𝗮𝗻 𝗣𝗿𝗲𝗹𝘂𝗱𝗲𝘀, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗹, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗠𝗲𝗺𝗼𝗿𝗶𝗮𝗹𝘀, 𝗔𝗻𝗱 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗣𝗼𝘀𝘁𝗵𝘂𝗺𝗼𝘂𝘀 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝗵𝗺𝘀 𝟭𝟴𝟵𝟳–𝟭𝟵𝟬𝟯 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗯𝗲𝘆𝗼𝗻𝗱 There is…

𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗠𝗘 𝗜𝗜 — 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟭𝟭 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗠𝗲𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗻 𝗙𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗮𝗹, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗮𝘀𝘁 𝗩𝗶𝘀𝗶𝘁 𝗧𝗼 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗮 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝘂𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗻, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗼𝘂𝗿 𝗦𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗼𝘂𝘀 𝗦𝗼𝗻𝗴𝘀, 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗮’𝘀 𝗗𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗵, 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝗵𝗺𝘀’𝘀 𝗜𝗹𝗹𝗻𝗲𝘀𝘀, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗮𝘀𝘁 𝗣𝘂𝗯𝗹𝗶𝗰 𝗔𝗽𝗽𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲𝘀,…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗢𝗩𝗘 𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗔𝗜𝗥𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡𝗦— 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡𝗦 𝗔𝗦 𝗟𝗢𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗦: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗛𝗨𝗠𝗔𝗡 𝗣𝗔𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗢𝗡𝗦 𝗕𝗘𝗛𝗜𝗡𝗗 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖 The lives of great musicians are often told as if they belonged only to art: dates of birth, places…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗢𝗩𝗘 𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗔𝗜𝗥𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡𝗦— 𝗛𝗘𝗡𝗥𝗬 𝗣𝗨𝗥𝗖𝗘𝗟𝗟: 𝗢𝗥𝗣𝗛𝗘𝗨𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗜𝗧𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗜𝗖𝗨𝗦, 𝗙𝗥𝗔𝗡𝗖𝗘𝗦 𝗣𝗨𝗥𝗖𝗘𝗟𝗟, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗠𝗘𝗟𝗔𝗡𝗖𝗛𝗢𝗟𝗬 𝗚𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗬 𝗢𝗙 𝗘𝗡𝗚𝗟𝗜𝗦𝗛 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖 𝗛𝗲𝗻𝗿𝘆 𝗣𝘂𝗿𝗰𝗲𝗹𝗹 stands in English musical history with a strange and almost lunar splendour. He…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗢𝗩𝗘 𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗔𝗜𝗥𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡𝗦— 𝗖𝗟𝗔𝗨𝗗𝗜𝗢 𝗠𝗢𝗡𝗧𝗘𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗗𝗜: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗪𝗜𝗗𝗢𝗪𝗘𝗗 𝗥𝗘𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡𝗔𝗥𝗬 𝗕𝗘𝗧𝗪𝗘𝗘𝗡 𝗟𝗢𝗩𝗘, 𝗙𝗔𝗠𝗜𝗟𝗬, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗖𝗛𝗨𝗥𝗖𝗛 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝘂𝗱𝗶𝗼 𝗠𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗱𝗶 occupies one of the decisive places in the history of Western music. He stands at…

𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗠𝗘 𝗜𝗜 — 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟭𝟬 𝗛𝗮𝗺𝗯𝘂𝗿𝗴 𝗛𝗼𝗻𝗼𝗿𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗖𝗶𝘁𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗻𝘀𝗵𝗶𝗽, 𝗜𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗹, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗦𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱 𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗤𝘂𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗲𝘁, 𝗠ü𝗵𝗹𝗳𝗲𝗹𝗱, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗲𝘁 𝗤𝘂𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗲𝘁 𝗔𝗻𝗱 𝗧𝗿𝗶𝗼, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗣𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗼 𝗣𝗶𝗲𝗰𝗲𝘀, 𝗕𝗶𝗹𝗹𝗿𝗼𝘁𝗵’𝘀 𝗗𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗵, 𝗙𝗼𝗹𝗸-𝗦𝗼𝗻𝗴𝘀,…

𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡 𝗦𝗘𝗕𝗔𝗦𝗧𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛 𝗖. 𝗙. 𝗔𝗯𝗱𝘆 𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗮𝗺𝘀 — 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗩𝗜𝗜 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗮𝘀𝘁 𝗬𝗲𝗮𝗿𝘀: 𝗛𝗼𝗻𝗼𝘂𝗿, 𝗖𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗶𝘀𝗺, 𝗙𝗿𝗲𝗱𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗰𝗸 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗚𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁, 𝗕𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗱𝗻𝗲𝘀𝘀, 𝗔𝗻𝗱 𝗗𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗵 𝗜. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗠𝗲𝗮𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗢𝗳 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗩𝗜𝗜 Chapter VII of C. F. Abdy Williams’s…

𝗧𝗥𝗢𝗟𝗗𝗛𝗔𝗨𝗚𝗘𝗡: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗛𝗢𝗠𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗘𝗗𝗩𝗔𝗥𝗗 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗡𝗜𝗡𝗔 𝗚𝗥𝗜𝗘𝗚 𝗧𝗿𝗼𝗹𝗱𝗵𝗮𝘂𝗴𝗲𝗻, the home of 𝗘𝗱𝘃𝗮𝗿𝗱 𝗚𝗿𝗶𝗲𝗴 and his wife 𝗡𝗶𝗻𝗮 𝗚𝗿𝗶𝗲𝗴, is one of the most evocative composer houses in Europe. It stands near 𝗕𝗲𝗿𝗴𝗲𝗻, overlooking…

𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗠𝗘 𝗜𝗜 — 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟳 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗛𝗮𝗺𝗯𝘂𝗿𝗴 𝗣𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗺𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗰 𝗝𝘂𝗯𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗲, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗩𝗶𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗻 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗼, 𝗢𝗽. 𝟳𝟲, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗩𝗶𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗻 𝗦𝗼𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗮, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗣𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗼 𝗥𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘀𝗼𝗱𝗶𝗲𝘀, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗧𝘄𝗼 𝗢𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲𝘀, 𝗔𝗻𝗱 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗕𝗿𝗲𝘀𝗹𝗮𝘂…

𝗗𝗔𝗡𝗜𝗘𝗟 𝗕𝗔𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗕𝗢𝗜𝗠 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗔𝗡𝗧𝗢𝗡 𝗕𝗥𝗨𝗖𝗞𝗡𝗘𝗥: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗖𝗢𝗡𝗗𝗨𝗖𝗧𝗢𝗥 𝗪𝗛𝗢 𝗥𝗘𝗧𝗨𝗥𝗡𝗘𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗥𝗘𝗘 𝗧𝗜𝗠𝗘𝗦 𝗧𝗢 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗦𝗬𝗠𝗣𝗛𝗢𝗡𝗜𝗖 𝗖𝗔𝗧𝗛𝗘𝗗𝗥𝗔𝗟 Among modern Bruckner conductors, 𝗗𝗮𝗻𝗶𝗲𝗹 𝗕𝗮𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗯𝗼𝗶𝗺 occupies a distinctive and rather unusual place. He is not normally placed in…

𝗘𝗥𝗜𝗖𝗛 𝗞𝗟𝗘𝗜𝗕𝗘𝗥’𝗦 𝗕𝗘𝗘𝗧𝗛𝗢𝗩𝗘𝗡: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 “𝗘𝗥𝗢𝗜𝗖𝗔” 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗡𝗜𝗡𝗧𝗛 𝗧𝗛𝗔𝗧 𝗛𝗜𝗦 𝗦𝗢𝗡 𝗡𝗘𝗩𝗘𝗥 𝗖𝗢𝗡𝗗𝗨𝗖𝗧𝗘𝗗 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗣𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗱𝗼𝘅 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗞𝗹𝗲𝗶𝗯𝗲𝗿 𝗟𝗲𝗴𝗮𝗰𝘆 One of the most fascinating paradoxes in the history of conducting is that 𝗖𝗮𝗿𝗹𝗼𝘀 𝗞𝗹𝗲𝗶𝗯𝗲𝗿,…

𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺 𝗥𝗲𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝘁𝗼 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗹𝗱 𝗢𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗖𝗵𝗶𝗲𝗳 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿𝘀 𝗪𝗵𝗼 𝗦𝗵𝗮𝗽𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗕𝗲𝗿𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗿 𝗣𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗺𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗸𝗲𝗿 The history of the 𝗕𝗲𝗿𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗿 𝗣𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗺𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗸𝗲𝗿 begins not with a royal decree, a wealthy patron or the carefully planned creation of…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗣𝗢𝗥𝗧𝗥𝗔𝗜𝗧 𝗢𝗙 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛 𝗧𝗛𝗔𝗧 𝗪𝗔𝗦 𝗟𝗢𝗦𝗧 𝗜𝗡 𝗪𝗢𝗥𝗟𝗗 𝗪𝗔𝗥 𝗧𝗪𝗢 𝗔𝗻 𝗔𝘂𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗰 “𝗔𝗹𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲” 𝘁𝗼 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗛𝗮𝘂𝘀𝘀𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗻 𝗜𝗺𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻 𝗦𝗲𝗯𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗵 𝗶𝗻 𝗛𝗶𝘀 𝗘𝗮𝗿𝗹𝘆 𝗦𝗶𝘅𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀 Among the images associated with 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻 𝗦𝗲𝗯𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗵,…

𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗠𝗘 𝗜𝗜 — 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟲 𝗛𝗼𝗹𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗱, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗧𝗵𝗶𝗿𝗱 𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗤𝘂𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗲𝘁, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗶𝗿𝘀𝘁 𝗦𝘆𝗺𝗽𝗵𝗼𝗻𝘆, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗥𝗲𝘃𝗶𝘃𝗮𝗹 𝗢𝗳 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗢𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗰 𝗗𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗺, 𝗔𝗻𝗱 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗦𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱 𝗦𝘆𝗺𝗽𝗵𝗼𝗻𝘆 𝟭𝟴𝟳𝟲–𝟭𝟴𝟳𝟴 Chapter 6…

𝗚𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗮𝘃 𝗠𝗮𝗵𝗹𝗲𝗿 𝗶𝗻 𝗔𝗺𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗱𝗮𝗺 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗖𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗧𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗕𝗲𝗰𝗮𝗺𝗲 𝗛𝗶𝘀 “𝗦𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗛𝗼𝗺𝗲𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗱” There is a revealing paradox at the heart of Gustav Mahler’s relationship with Amsterdam. He was not especially enchanted by the city…

𝗖𝗟𝗔𝗨𝗗𝗜𝗢 𝗔𝗕𝗕𝗔𝗗𝗢 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗟𝗜𝗡𝗘𝗥 𝗣𝗛𝗜𝗟𝗛𝗔𝗥𝗠𝗢𝗡𝗜𝗞𝗘𝗥 “𝗜’𝗺 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝘂𝗱𝗶𝗼 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘆𝗼𝗻𝗲.” 𝗔 𝗻𝗲𝘄 𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘀𝗽𝗮𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗰𝘆, 𝗱𝗶𝗮𝗹𝗼𝗴𝘂𝗲 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗺𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗱𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝗖𝗵𝗶𝗲𝗳 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿, 𝟭𝟵𝟵𝟬–𝟮𝟬𝟬𝟮 𝗔𝗳𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗞𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗷𝗮𝗻: 𝗮𝗻 𝗼𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮 𝗮𝘁 𝗮 𝗵𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗰𝗿𝗼𝘀𝘀𝗿𝗼𝗮𝗱𝘀 When 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝘂𝗱𝗶𝗼 𝗔𝗯𝗯𝗮𝗱𝗼 was…

𝗪𝗜𝗟𝗛𝗘𝗟𝗠 𝗙𝗨𝗥𝗧𝗪𝗔̈𝗡𝗚𝗟𝗘𝗥 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗟𝗜𝗡𝗘𝗥 𝗣𝗛𝗜𝗟𝗛𝗔𝗥𝗠𝗢𝗡𝗜𝗞𝗘𝗥 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗺𝗮𝗴𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝘀𝗼𝘂𝗻𝗱 𝗰𝗮𝘂𝗴𝗵𝘁 𝗯𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗻 𝗺𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰, 𝗽𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗵𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝘆 𝗖𝗵𝗶𝗲𝗳 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿, 𝟭𝟵𝟮𝟮–𝟭𝟵𝟯𝟰 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝟭𝟵𝟱𝟮–𝟭𝟵𝟱𝟰 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝘁𝗵𝗶𝗿𝗱 𝗴𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁 𝗮𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗰𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗼𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮’𝘀 𝗶𝗱𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝘁𝘆 In the early history of…

𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗠𝗘 𝗜𝗜 — 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟱 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗚𝗲𝘀𝗲𝗹𝗹𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗳𝘁 𝗬𝗲𝗮𝗿𝘀, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗤𝘂𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗲𝘁𝘀, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗛𝗮𝘆𝗱𝗻 𝗩𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀, 𝗔𝗻𝘀𝗲𝗹𝗺 𝗙𝗲𝘂𝗲𝗿𝗯𝗮𝗰𝗵, 𝗔𝗻𝗱 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗧𝗵𝗶𝗿𝗱 𝗣𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗼 𝗤𝘂𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗲𝘁 𝟭𝟴𝟳𝟮–𝟭𝟴𝟳𝟲 Chapter 5 of Volume…

𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗠𝗘 𝗜 — 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟭𝟬 𝗗𝗲𝘁𝗺𝗼𝗹𝗱, 𝗛𝗮𝗺𝗯𝘂𝗿𝗴, 𝗕𝗼𝗻𝗻, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗦𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱 𝗦𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗮𝗱𝗲, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱𝗲𝗿, 𝗔𝗻𝗱 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗕-𝗙𝗹𝗮𝘁 𝗦𝗲𝘅𝘁𝗲𝘁 𝟭𝟴𝟱𝟵–𝟭𝟴𝟲𝟭 Chapter 10 follows 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝘀 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝗵𝗺𝘀 through one of…