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𝐀𝐍𝐍𝐄 𝐒𝐈𝐋𝐉𝐀 (𝟏𝟗𝟒𝟎– ) 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐅𝐈𝐄𝐑𝐂𝐄 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐌𝐎𝐃𝐄𝐑𝐍 𝐎𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐀 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐒𝐓 𝐖𝐇𝐎 𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐍𝐒𝐅𝐎𝐑𝐌𝐄𝐃 𝐖𝐀𝐆𝐍𝐄𝐑𝐈𝐀𝐍 𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐈𝐍𝐓𝐎 𝐏𝐒𝐘𝐂𝐇𝐎𝐋𝐎𝐆𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐓𝐇𝐄𝐀𝐓𝐑𝐄 𝐀 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃𝐇𝐎𝐎𝐃 𝐈𝐍 𝐖𝐀𝐑-𝐒𝐇𝐀𝐃𝐎𝐖𝐄𝐃 𝐆𝐄𝐑𝐌𝐀𝐍𝐘 𝐀𝐧𝐧𝐞 𝐒𝐢𝐥𝐣𝐚 (𝐛. 𝟏𝟕 𝐀𝐩𝐫𝐢𝐥 𝟏𝟗𝟒𝟎) was born in…

𝐀𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐃 𝐕𝐀𝐑𝐍𝐀𝐘 (𝟏𝟗𝟏𝟖–𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟔) 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐖𝐀𝐆𝐍𝐄𝐑𝐈𝐀𝐍 𝐐𝐔𝐄𝐄𝐍 𝐎𝐅 𝐅𝐈𝐑𝐄 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐃𝐑𝐀𝐌𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐂 𝐒𝐎𝐏𝐑𝐀𝐍𝐎 𝐖𝐇𝐎 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐐𝐔𝐄𝐑𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐀𝐘𝐑𝐄𝐔𝐓𝐇 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐑𝐄𝐈𝐍𝐕𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐇𝐄𝐑𝐒𝐄𝐋𝐅 𝐁𝐈𝐑𝐓𝐇 𝐈𝐍𝐓𝐎 𝐀 𝐖𝐎𝐑𝐋𝐃 𝐎𝐅 𝐎𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐀 — 𝐀 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐓𝐇𝐄𝐀𝐓𝐑𝐄 𝐀𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐝 𝐕𝐚𝐫𝐧𝐚𝐲 (𝟐𝟓 𝐀𝐩𝐫𝐢𝐥…

𝐇𝐄𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑 𝐁𝐄𝐑𝐋𝐈𝐎𝐙 (𝟏𝟖𝟎𝟑–𝟏𝟖𝟔𝟗): 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Hector Berlioz (1803–1869) was one of the most radical and controversial composers of the nineteenth century. His life combined artistic genius, emotional…

𝐃𝐌𝐈𝐓𝐑𝐈 𝐒𝐇𝐎𝐒𝐓𝐀𝐊𝐎𝐕𝐈𝐂𝐇: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Dmitri Shostakovich is one of the most contradictory figures in all music history. He was at once a state-honored Soviet composer and a…

𝐉𝐀𝐌𝐄𝐒 𝐊𝐈𝐍𝐆 (𝟏𝟗𝟐𝟓–𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟓) - 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐍𝐎𝐁𝐋𝐄 𝐕𝐎𝐈𝐂𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐖𝐀𝐆𝐍𝐄𝐑 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐀𝐌𝐄𝐑𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐍 𝐓𝐄𝐍𝐎𝐑 𝐖𝐇𝐎 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐐𝐔𝐄𝐑𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐀𝐘𝐑𝐄𝐔𝐓𝐇 𝐀𝐍 𝐔𝐍𝐋𝐈𝐊𝐄𝐋𝐘 𝐁𝐄𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐍𝐈𝐍𝐆 — 𝐊𝐀𝐍𝐒𝐀𝐒, 𝟏𝟗𝟐𝟓 𝐉𝐚𝐦𝐞𝐬 𝐊𝐢𝐧𝐠 (𝟐𝟒 𝐌𝐚𝐲 𝟏𝟗𝟐𝟓 – 𝟐𝟎 𝐍𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟓) was born in…

𝐌𝐈𝐑𝐄𝐋𝐋𝐀 𝐅𝐑𝐄𝐍𝐈 (𝟏𝟗𝟑𝟓–𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟎) - 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐕𝐎𝐈𝐂𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐑𝐔𝐓𝐇 — 𝐅𝐑𝐎𝐌 𝐀 𝐁𝐀𝐊𝐄𝐑’𝐒 𝐃𝐀𝐔𝐆𝐇𝐓𝐄𝐑 𝐈𝐍 𝐌𝐎𝐃𝐄𝐍𝐀 𝐓𝐎 𝐎𝐍𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐆𝐑𝐄𝐀𝐓𝐄𝐒𝐓 𝐎𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐀 𝐒𝐎𝐏𝐑𝐀𝐍𝐎𝐒 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝟐𝟎𝐓𝐇 𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐔𝐑𝐘 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃𝐇𝐎𝐎𝐃 𝐈𝐍 𝐌𝐎𝐃𝐄𝐍𝐀 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐁𝐄𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐍𝐈𝐍𝐆 𝐎𝐅 𝐀…

𝐅𝐑𝐀𝐍𝐙 𝐒𝐂𝐇𝐔𝐁𝐄𝐑𝐓: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Franz Schubert is often imagined as one of the gentlest and most inwardly lyrical figures in music history: the shy Viennese genius of…

𝐖𝐎𝐋𝐅𝐆𝐀𝐍𝐆 𝐀𝐌𝐀𝐃𝐄𝐔𝐒 𝐌𝐎𝐙𝐀𝐑𝐓: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is often imagined as the miraculous child of music, the smiling genius of effortless perfection, the embodiment of grace,…

𝐉𝐎𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐍𝐄𝐒 𝐁𝐑𝐀𝐇𝐌𝐒: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Johannes Brahms is often remembered as the great embodiment of musical seriousness, structural mastery, emotional reserve, and artistic integrity: the bearded classicist of…

𝐅𝐄𝐋𝐈𝐗 𝐌𝐄𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐋𝐒𝐒𝐎𝐇𝐍: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Felix Mendelssohn lived a life that seemed outwardly orderly, brilliant, elegant, and successful. Yet beneath that polished surface lay a series of deep…

# **𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗜𝗡 𝗦𝗪𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗗’𝗦 𝗕𝗜𝗢𝗚𝗥𝗔𝗣𝗛𝗬 - Chapter 8 — Inertia** **1) Back in Salzburg: Success Without Direction** When **Leopold and Wolfgang returned from Italy in March 1773**, they brought back prestige but **no new…

𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐆𝐈𝐑𝐋 𝐈𝐍 𝐆𝐑𝐀𝐙 𝐖𝐇𝐎 𝐂𝐀𝐔𝐆𝐇𝐓 𝐊𝐀𝐑𝐀𝐉𝐀𝐍’𝐒 𝐄𝐀𝐑 “There is a girl called Janowitz, Graz. Find her.” Back in Graz, she received a phone call summoning her to the Vienna State Opera. “It is…

𝐆𝐔𝐍𝐃𝐔𝐋𝐀 𝐉𝐀𝐍𝐎𝐖𝐈𝐓𝐙: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐒𝐈𝐋𝐕𝐄𝐑-𝐆𝐎𝐋𝐃 𝐕𝐎𝐈𝐂𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐌𝐎𝐙𝐀𝐑𝐓, 𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐔𝐒𝐒, 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐏𝐔𝐑𝐄𝐒𝐓 𝐋𝐘𝐑𝐈𝐂 𝐈𝐃𝐄𝐀𝐋 𝐎𝐅 𝐏𝐎𝐒𝐓𝐖𝐀𝐑 𝐄𝐔𝐑𝐎𝐏𝐄 Gundula Janowitz belongs to that very rare group of sopranos whose voices seem to exist almost beyond ordinary…

𝐉𝐄𝐀𝐍 𝐒𝐈𝐁𝐄𝐋𝐈𝐔𝐒 (𝟏𝟖𝟔𝟓–𝟏𝟗𝟓𝟕) 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐍𝐎𝐑𝐃𝐈𝐂 𝐆𝐄𝐍𝐈𝐔𝐒 𝐖𝐇𝐎 𝐓𝐔𝐑𝐍𝐄𝐃 𝐅𝐈𝐍𝐍𝐈𝐒𝐇 𝐍𝐀𝐓𝐔𝐑𝐄 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐌𝐘𝐓𝐇 𝐈𝐍𝐓𝐎 𝐎𝐑𝐂𝐇𝐄𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐋 𝐈𝐌𝐌𝐎𝐑𝐓𝐀𝐋𝐈𝐓𝐘 𝐅𝐀𝐌𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐎𝐑𝐈𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐒 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃𝐇𝐎𝐎𝐃 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐀𝐌𝐄𝐄𝐍𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐍𝐀 𝐉𝐨𝐡𝐚𝐧 𝐉𝐮𝐥𝐢𝐮𝐬 𝐂𝐡𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐚𝐧 “𝐉𝐞𝐚𝐧” 𝐒𝐢𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐮𝐬 was born on 𝟖 𝐃𝐞𝐜𝐞𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫 𝟏𝟖𝟔𝟓 in the…

𝐏𝐀𝐔𝐋 𝐇𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐓𝐇 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐏𝐎𝐒𝐄𝐑 𝐖𝐇𝐎 𝐑𝐄𝐁𝐔𝐈𝐋𝐓 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂 𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐑 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐂𝐑𝐈𝐒𝐈𝐒 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝟐𝟎𝐓𝐇 𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐔𝐑𝐘 𝐅𝐑𝐎𝐌 𝐕𝐈𝐎𝐋𝐈𝐍 𝐏𝐑𝐎𝐃𝐈𝐆𝐘 𝐓𝐎 𝐎𝐍𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐈𝐍𝐅𝐋𝐔𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐀𝐋 𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐏𝐎𝐒𝐄𝐑𝐒 𝐎𝐅 𝐌𝐎𝐃𝐄𝐑𝐍 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂 - 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃𝐇𝐎𝐎𝐃 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐀𝐔 — 𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟓…

The relationship between 𝐖𝐢𝐥𝐡𝐞𝐥𝐦 𝐅𝐮𝐫𝐭𝐰ä𝐧𝐠𝐥𝐞𝐫 and 𝐀𝐭𝐚ú𝐥𝐟𝐨 𝐀𝐫𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐚 was not that of master and formal disciple in the strict documentary sense, nor was it a long public partnership built on frequent joint projects. What…

# **𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗜𝗡 𝗦𝗪𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗗’𝗦 𝗕𝗜𝗢𝗚𝗥𝗔𝗣𝗛𝗬 - Chapter 7 — *****Exsultate, Jubilate*** **1) Salzburg Again: Return, Frustration, and the Sense of Confinement** When **Leopold and Wolfgang returned to Salzburg on 28 March 1771**, the city…

𝐀𝐑𝐍𝐎𝐋𝐃 𝐒𝐂𝐇𝐎𝐄𝐍𝐁𝐄𝐑𝐆 — 𝐅𝐑𝐎𝐌 𝐕𝐈𝐄𝐍𝐍𝐄𝐒𝐄 𝐀𝐌𝐀𝐓𝐄𝐔𝐑 𝐓𝐎 𝐑𝐄𝐕𝐎𝐋𝐔𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐀𝐑𝐘: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐅𝐎𝐑𝐌𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐎𝐅 𝐀 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐏𝐑𝐎𝐏𝐇𝐄𝐓 (𝟏𝟖𝟕𝟒–𝟏𝟗𝟎𝟗) 𝐈. 𝐁𝐎𝐑𝐍 𝐈𝐍 𝐕𝐈𝐄𝐍𝐍𝐀 — 𝐀 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐅𝐈𝐍-𝐃𝐄-𝐒𝐈𝐄𝐂𝐋𝐄 (1874–1889) 𝐀𝐫𝐧𝐨𝐥𝐝 𝐅𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐳 𝐖𝐚𝐥𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐨𝐞𝐧𝐛𝐞𝐫𝐠 (13 September 1874 –…

𝐌𝐨𝐳𝐚𝐫𝐭 - 𝐌𝐢𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐝𝐚𝐭𝐞, 𝐑𝐞 𝐝𝐢 𝐏𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐨 - 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐮𝐬 𝐌𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐬 𝐖𝐢𝐞𝐧 𝐍𝐢𝐤𝐨𝐥𝐚𝐮𝐬 𝐇𝐚𝐫𝐧𝐨𝐧𝐜𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐭 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eGtl5eyQThI Complete Download Video in Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/posts/mozart-mitridate-152562575?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link 𝐌𝐚𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐦𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐚𝐧𝐨 𝐑𝐨𝐧𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐨 — Arbate 𝐘𝐯𝐨𝐧𝐧𝐞 𝐊𝐞𝐧𝐧𝐲 — Aspasia 𝐀𝐧𝐧𝐞 𝐆𝐣𝐞𝐯𝐚𝐧𝐠 — Farnace 𝐉𝐨𝐚𝐧 𝐑𝐨𝐝𝐠𝐞𝐫𝐬 —…

𝐌𝐨𝐳𝐚𝐫𝐭 - 𝐃𝐢𝐞 𝐙𝐚𝐮𝐛𝐞𝐫𝐟𝐥𝐨𝐭𝐞 - 𝐎𝐭𝐭𝐨 𝐊𝐥𝐞𝐦𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐫, 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐦𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐚 𝐎𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐚 - 𝐍𝐢𝐜𝐨𝐥𝐚𝐢 𝐆𝐞𝐝𝐝𝐚, 𝐆𝐮𝐧𝐝𝐮𝐥𝐚 𝐉𝐚𝐧𝐨𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐳, 𝐖𝐚𝐥𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐁𝐞𝐫𝐫𝐲, 𝐋𝐮𝐜𝐢𝐚 𝐏𝐨𝐩𝐩, 𝐆𝐨𝐭𝐭𝐥𝐨𝐛 𝐅𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐤, 𝐅𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐳 𝐂𝐫𝐚𝐬𝐬, 𝐄𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐚𝐛𝐞𝐭𝐡 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐰𝐚𝐫𝐳𝐤𝐨𝐩𝐟, 𝐂𝐡𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐚 𝐋𝐮𝐝𝐰𝐢𝐠, 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐚 𝐇ö𝐟𝐟𝐠𝐞𝐧, 𝐆𝐞𝐫𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐔𝐧𝐠𝐞𝐫, 𝐀𝐠𝐧𝐞𝐬 𝐆𝐢𝐞𝐛𝐞𝐥, 𝐑𝐮𝐭𝐡-𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐫𝐞𝐭 𝐏ü𝐭𝐳,…

𝐖𝐚𝐠𝐧𝐞𝐫: 𝐓𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐈𝐬𝐨𝐥𝐝𝐞 - 𝐖𝐢𝐥𝐡𝐞𝐥𝐦 𝐅𝐮𝐫𝐭𝐰𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐥𝐞𝐫 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gGAKgoclJ6A&t=389s 𝐋𝐮𝐝𝐰𝐢𝐠 𝐒𝐮𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐮𝐬 — Tristan 𝐊𝐢𝐫𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐧 𝐅𝐥𝐚𝐠𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐝 — Isolde 𝐁𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐡𝐞 𝐓𝐡𝐞𝐛𝐨𝐦 — Brangäne 𝐉𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐟 𝐆𝐫𝐞𝐢𝐧𝐝𝐥 — König Marke 𝐃𝐢𝐞𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐡 𝐅𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐫-𝐃𝐢𝐞𝐬𝐤𝐚𝐮 — Kurwenal 𝐑𝐮𝐝𝐨𝐥𝐟 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐨𝐜𝐤 — Seemann /…

𝐋𝐄𝐒 𝐒𝐈𝐗 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐅𝐑𝐄𝐍𝐂𝐇 𝐑𝐄𝐁𝐄𝐋𝐋𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐀𝐆𝐀𝐈𝐍𝐒𝐓 𝐖𝐀𝐆𝐍𝐄𝐑 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐈𝐌𝐏𝐑𝐄𝐒𝐒𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐈𝐒𝐌: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐁𝐈𝐑𝐓𝐇 𝐎𝐅 𝐀 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐌𝐀𝐍𝐈𝐅𝐄𝐒𝐓𝐎 (𝟏𝟗𝟏𝟔–𝟏𝟗𝟐𝟎) 𝐈. 𝐏𝐀𝐑𝐈𝐒 𝐃𝐔𝐑𝐈𝐍𝐆 𝐖𝐀𝐑 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐍𝐄𝐄𝐃 𝐅𝐎𝐑 𝐀 𝐍𝐄𝐖 𝐅𝐑𝐄𝐍𝐂𝐇 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂 The story of 𝐋𝐞𝐬 𝐒𝐢𝐱…

𝐂𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐄𝐍𝐒 𝐊𝐑𝐀𝐔𝐒𝐒 — 𝐅𝐑𝐎𝐌 𝐕𝐈𝐄𝐍𝐍𝐀 𝐂𝐇𝐎𝐈𝐑𝐁𝐎𝐘 𝐓𝐎 𝐎𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐂 𝐏𝐎𝐖𝐄𝐑: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐅𝐎𝐑𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐆 𝐎𝐅 𝐀 𝐌𝐀𝐄𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐎 (𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟑–𝟏𝟗𝟐𝟗) 𝐈. 𝐁𝐎𝐑𝐍 𝐈𝐍𝐓𝐎 𝐕𝐈𝐄𝐍𝐍𝐄𝐒𝐄 𝐓𝐇𝐄𝐀𝐓𝐑𝐄 — 𝐀 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐎𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐀 𝐖𝐎𝐑𝐋𝐃 𝐂𝐥𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐬 𝐇𝐞𝐢𝐧𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐡 𝐊𝐫𝐚𝐮𝐬𝐬 was born in Vienna…

𝐄𝐑𝐍𝐒𝐓 𝐕𝐎𝐍 𝐒𝐂𝐇𝐔𝐂𝐇 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐒𝐈𝐋𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐒𝐎𝐕𝐄𝐑𝐄𝐈𝐆𝐍 𝐎𝐅 𝐃𝐑𝐄𝐒𝐃𝐄𝐍: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐃𝐔𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑 𝐖𝐇𝐎 𝐆𝐀𝐕𝐄 𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐔𝐒𝐒 𝐀 𝐊𝐈𝐍𝐆𝐃𝐎𝐌 𝐈. 𝐁𝐎𝐇𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐀𝐍 𝐁𝐄𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐍𝐈𝐍𝐆𝐒 — 𝐀 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂𝐈𝐀𝐍 𝐁𝐎𝐑𝐍 𝐁𝐄𝐓𝐖𝐄𝐄𝐍 𝐖𝐎𝐑𝐋𝐃𝐒 (1846–1860s) 𝐄𝐫𝐧𝐬𝐭 𝐯𝐨𝐧 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐮𝐜𝐡 was born on 23 November…