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𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗢𝗩𝗘 𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗔𝗜𝗥𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡𝗦— 𝗔𝗣𝗢𝗟𝗟𝗢, 𝗢𝗥𝗣𝗛𝗘𝗨𝗦, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗖𝗜𝗘𝗡𝗧 𝗠𝗬𝗧𝗛 𝗢𝗙 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗗𝗜𝗩𝗜𝗡𝗘 𝗢𝗥𝗜𝗚𝗜𝗡 𝗢𝗙 𝗟𝗢𝗩𝗘, 𝗦𝗢𝗨𝗡𝗗, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗛𝗨𝗠𝗔𝗡 𝗣𝗔𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗢𝗡 Before the lives of historical composers begin, music already belongs to…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗢𝗩𝗘 𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗔𝗜𝗥𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡𝗦— 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡𝗦 𝗔𝗦 𝗟𝗢𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗦: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗛𝗨𝗠𝗔𝗡 𝗣𝗔𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗢𝗡𝗦 𝗕𝗘𝗛𝗜𝗡𝗗 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖 The lives of great musicians are often told as if they belonged only to art: dates of birth, places…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗢𝗩𝗘 𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗔𝗜𝗥𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡𝗦— 𝗔𝗟𝗘𝗦𝗦𝗔𝗡𝗗𝗥𝗢 𝗦𝗧𝗥𝗔𝗗𝗘𝗟𝗟𝗔: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗦𝗜𝗡𝗚𝗘𝗥 𝗢𝗙 𝗣𝗔𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗢𝗡, 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗢𝗩𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗛𝗢𝗥𝗧𝗘𝗡𝗦𝗜𝗔, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗗𝗔𝗡𝗚𝗘𝗥𝗢𝗨𝗦 𝗧𝗛𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗥𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗕𝗔𝗥𝗢𝗤𝗨𝗘 𝗥𝗢𝗠𝗔𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗔𝗹𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗿𝗼 𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗱𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗮 is one of the most theatrical figures in the…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗢𝗩𝗘 𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗔𝗜𝗥𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡𝗦— 𝗗𝗢𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗜𝗖𝗢 𝗦𝗖𝗔𝗥𝗟𝗔𝗧𝗧𝗜: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗪𝗔𝗡𝗗𝗘𝗥𝗜𝗡𝗚 𝗦𝗢𝗡 𝗢𝗙 𝗔𝗟𝗘𝗦𝗦𝗔𝗡𝗗𝗥𝗢 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗞𝗘𝗬𝗕𝗢𝗔𝗥𝗗 𝗣𝗢𝗘𝗧 𝗢𝗙 𝗜𝗧𝗔𝗟𝗬, 𝗣𝗢𝗥𝗧𝗨𝗚𝗔𝗟, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗦𝗣𝗔𝗜𝗡 𝗗𝗼𝗺𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗰𝗼 𝗦𝗰𝗮𝗿𝗹𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗶 stands in musical history as one of the most astonishing…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗢𝗩𝗘 𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗔𝗜𝗥𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡𝗦— 𝗛𝗘𝗡𝗥𝗬 𝗣𝗨𝗥𝗖𝗘𝗟𝗟: 𝗢𝗥𝗣𝗛𝗘𝗨𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗜𝗧𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗜𝗖𝗨𝗦, 𝗙𝗥𝗔𝗡𝗖𝗘𝗦 𝗣𝗨𝗥𝗖𝗘𝗟𝗟, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗠𝗘𝗟𝗔𝗡𝗖𝗛𝗢𝗟𝗬 𝗚𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗬 𝗢𝗙 𝗘𝗡𝗚𝗟𝗜𝗦𝗛 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖 𝗛𝗲𝗻𝗿𝘆 𝗣𝘂𝗿𝗰𝗲𝗹𝗹 stands in English musical history with a strange and almost lunar splendour. He…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗢𝗩𝗘 𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗔𝗜𝗥𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧 𝗠𝗨𝗦𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗔𝗡𝗦— 𝗖𝗟𝗔𝗨𝗗𝗜𝗢 𝗠𝗢𝗡𝗧𝗘𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗗𝗜: 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗪𝗜𝗗𝗢𝗪𝗘𝗗 𝗥𝗘𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡𝗔𝗥𝗬 𝗕𝗘𝗧𝗪𝗘𝗘𝗡 𝗟𝗢𝗩𝗘, 𝗙𝗔𝗠𝗜𝗟𝗬, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗖𝗛𝗨𝗥𝗖𝗛 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝘂𝗱𝗶𝗼 𝗠𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗱𝗶 occupies one of the decisive places in the history of Western music. He stands at…

𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡 𝗦𝗘𝗕𝗔𝗦𝗧𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗛 𝗖. 𝗙. 𝗔𝗯𝗱𝘆 𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗮𝗺𝘀 — 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗩𝗜 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗲𝗶𝗽𝘇𝗶𝗴 𝗛𝗼𝘂𝘀𝗲𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗱: 𝗙𝗮𝗺𝗶𝗹𝘆, 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗶𝗽𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲, 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗚𝗲𝗻𝗶𝘂𝘀, 𝗔𝗻𝗱 𝗡𝗲𝘄 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗳𝗹𝗶𝗰𝘁𝘀 𝗜. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗠𝗲𝗮𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗢𝗳 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗩𝗜 Chapter VI of C. F. Abdy Williams’s 𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗵…

𝗖𝗟𝗔𝗥𝗔 𝗦𝗖𝗛𝗨𝗠𝗔𝗡𝗡 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗟𝗜𝗡𝗘𝗥 𝗣𝗛𝗜𝗟𝗛𝗔𝗥𝗠𝗢𝗡𝗜𝗞𝗘𝗥 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗴𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁 𝗽𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗶𝘀𝘁 𝘄𝗵𝗼 𝘀𝘂𝗽𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘆𝗼𝘂𝗻𝗴 𝗼𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮 𝗮𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗱𝗮𝘄𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝗶𝘁𝘀 𝗵𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝘆 𝗔 𝘄𝗼𝗺𝗮𝗻 𝗯𝗲𝘆𝗼𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗹𝗶𝗺𝗶𝘁𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗵𝗲𝗿 𝘁𝗶𝗺𝗲 In the musical world of the…

𝗖𝗵𝗿𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗽𝗵 𝗘𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗻𝗯𝗮𝗰𝗵 𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺 𝗖𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗱 𝗣𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗶𝘀𝘁 𝗧𝗼 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿 𝗖𝗵𝗿𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗽𝗵 𝗘𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗻𝗯𝗮𝗰𝗵 — born on 𝗙𝗲𝗯𝗿𝘂𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝟮𝟬, 𝟭𝟵𝟰𝟬, in 𝗕𝗿𝗲𝘀𝗹𝗮𝘂, then Germany and today Wrocław, Poland — belongs to that rare category of musicians whose life…

𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗠𝗘 𝗜𝗜 — 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟱 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗚𝗲𝘀𝗲𝗹𝗹𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗳𝘁 𝗬𝗲𝗮𝗿𝘀, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗤𝘂𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗲𝘁𝘀, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗛𝗮𝘆𝗱𝗻 𝗩𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀, 𝗔𝗻𝘀𝗲𝗹𝗺 𝗙𝗲𝘂𝗲𝗿𝗯𝗮𝗰𝗵, 𝗔𝗻𝗱 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗧𝗵𝗶𝗿𝗱 𝗣𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗼 𝗤𝘂𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗲𝘁 𝟭𝟴𝟳𝟮–𝟭𝟴𝟳𝟲 Chapter 5 of Volume…

𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 — 𝗣𝗜𝗔𝗡𝗢 𝗖𝗢𝗡𝗖𝗘𝗥𝗧𝗢 𝗡𝗢. 𝟭 𝗜𝗡 𝗗 𝗠𝗜𝗡𝗢𝗥, 𝗢𝗣. 𝟭𝟱 𝟰𝟬 𝗱𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴𝘂𝗶𝘀𝗵𝗲𝗱 𝗿𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗿𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴𝘀, 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗽𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗶𝘀𝘁, 𝗼𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮, 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿, 𝗹𝗮𝗯𝗲𝗹, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗯𝗿𝗶𝗲𝗳 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 The following list is 𝗻𝗼𝘁 𝗮 𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗱 𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴, but a broad discographic…

𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗠𝗘 𝗜 — 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟲 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗡𝗲𝘄 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲, 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗖𝗮𝘁𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗽𝗵𝗲, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗶𝗿𝘀𝘁 𝗚𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁 𝗕𝘂𝗿𝗱𝗲𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝗟𝗼𝘆𝗮𝗹𝘁𝘆 𝟭𝟴𝟱𝟰–𝟭𝟴𝟱𝟱 Chapter 6 is one of the most emotionally…

𝗔𝗡𝗔𝗧𝗢𝗟𝗘 𝗙𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗢𝗨𝗟𝗔𝗥𝗜 𝗔 𝗖𝗛𝗥𝗢𝗡𝗢𝗟𝗢𝗚𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗟 𝗣𝗢𝗥𝗧𝗥𝗔𝗜𝗧 𝗢𝗙 𝗔 𝗖𝗢𝗡𝗗𝗨𝗖𝗧𝗢𝗥 𝗢𝗙 𝗕𝗔𝗟𝗟𝗘𝗧, 𝗥𝗨𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗣𝗔𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗢𝗡, 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗢𝗥𝗖𝗛𝗘𝗦𝗧𝗥𝗔𝗟 𝗖𝗢𝗟𝗢𝗨𝗥 𝗔𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗼𝗹𝗲 𝗙𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗼𝘂𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗶 was born in 𝗞𝗶𝗲𝘃 on 𝟮𝟬 𝗔𝘂𝗴𝘂𝘀𝘁 𝟭𝟵𝟬𝟳 and died in 𝗟𝗼𝗻𝗱𝗼𝗻 on 𝟮𝟭 𝗔𝘂𝗴𝘂𝘀𝘁 𝟭𝟵𝟵𝟱, one…

𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗩𝗢𝗟𝗨𝗠𝗘 𝗜 — 𝗜𝗡𝗧𝗥𝗢𝗗𝗨𝗖𝗧𝗢𝗥𝗬 𝗦𝗘𝗖𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 𝗙𝗟𝗢𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗘 𝗠𝗔𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗝𝗢𝗛𝗔𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗦 𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗥𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗹𝗹𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀: 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝗵𝗺𝘀 𝗮𝘀 𝗠𝗮𝗻, 𝗣𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗶𝘀𝘁, 𝗧𝗲𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗿, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗙𝗿𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗱 𝟭𝟴𝟳𝟭–𝟭𝟴𝟵𝟱 Before the biography…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗪𝗢𝗥𝗞 𝗢𝗙 𝗙𝗥𝗔𝗡𝗭 𝗦𝗖𝗛𝗨𝗕𝗘𝗥𝗧 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝟭𝟯 — 𝗕𝗨𝗥𝗜𝗔𝗟 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗠𝗘𝗠𝗢𝗥𝗜𝗔𝗟𝗦 𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘇 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝘂𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘁 𝗮𝗳𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗱𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗵: 𝗳𝘂𝗻𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗹, 𝗴𝗿𝗮𝘃𝗲, 𝗿𝗲𝗺𝗲𝗺𝗯𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗯𝗲𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗼𝗳 𝗽𝗼𝘀𝘁𝗵𝘂𝗺𝗼𝘂𝘀 𝗶𝗺𝗺𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘁𝘆 With Chapter 13, Schubert’s life passes fully into…

𝗔𝗻𝗻𝗮 𝗝𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝗠𝗮𝗵𝗹𝗲𝗿 — 𝗚𝘂𝗰𝗸𝗶 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗸 𝗼𝗳 𝗚𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗮𝘃 𝗠𝗮𝗵𝗹𝗲𝗿’𝘀 𝗦𝘂𝗿𝘃𝗶𝘃𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗗𝗮𝘂𝗴𝗵𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗔𝗻𝗻𝗮 𝗝𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝗠𝗮𝗵𝗹𝗲𝗿, known in the family as 𝗚𝘂𝗰𝗸𝗶, was born in Vienna on 15 June 1904 and died in…

𝗖𝗵𝗼𝗽𝗶𝗻 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘇𝘁 𝗧𝘄𝗼 𝗢𝗽𝗽𝗼𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗲 𝗠𝗼𝗱𝗲𝗹𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗥𝗼𝗺𝗮𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗰 𝗣𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗼 When 𝗙𝗿é𝗱é𝗿𝗶𝗰 𝗖𝗵𝗼𝗽𝗶𝗻 arrived in Paris in 𝟭𝟴𝟯𝟭, he entered a city that had become the most brilliant musical capital of Europe. Paris was…

𝗚𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗮𝘃 𝗟𝗲𝗼𝗻𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗱𝘁 (𝟭𝟵𝟮𝟴–𝟮𝟬𝟭𝟮): 𝗔 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗕𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗛𝗮𝗿𝗽𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗿𝗱, 𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗵, 𝗛𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗧𝗿𝘂𝘁𝗵, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗔𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗲 𝗥𝗲𝗯𝗶𝗿𝘁𝗵 𝗼𝗳 𝗘𝗮𝗿𝗹𝘆 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰 𝗜. 𝗔 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗪𝗵𝗼 𝗠𝗮𝗱𝗲 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗣𝗮𝘀𝘁 𝗦𝗼𝘂𝗻𝗱 𝗦𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗼𝘂𝘀 𝗔𝗴𝗮𝗶𝗻 𝗚𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗮𝘃 𝗟𝗲𝗼𝗻𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗱𝘁, born on 𝟯𝟬 𝗠𝗮𝘆…

𝗝𝘂𝘀𝘁𝘂𝘀 𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘁𝘇 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗖𝗵𝗿𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗽𝗵 𝗘𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗻𝗯𝗮𝗰𝗵 𝗔 𝗥𝗶𝗴𝗼𝗿𝗼𝘂𝘀 𝗘𝘀𝘀𝗮𝘆 𝗼𝗻 𝗧𝗵𝗲𝗶𝗿 𝗝𝗼𝗶𝗻𝘁 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗳𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗔𝗰𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗶𝘁𝘆, 𝗖𝘂𝗿𝗶𝗼𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗔𝗻𝗲𝗰𝗱𝗼𝘁𝗮𝗹 𝗦𝗶𝗴𝗻𝗶𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲 The artistic partnership between 𝗝𝘂𝘀𝘁𝘂𝘀 𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘁𝘇 and 𝗖𝗵𝗿𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗽𝗵 𝗘𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗻𝗯𝗮𝗰𝗵 belongs to a very special chapter in post-war…

𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗛𝗠𝗦’𝗦 𝗟𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗘𝗡𝗜𝗡𝗚 𝗛𝗔𝗕𝗜𝗧𝗦, 𝗛𝗢𝗨𝗥 𝗕𝗬 𝗛𝗢𝗨𝗥 — 𝗛𝗜𝗦 𝗗𝗔𝗜𝗟𝗬 𝗥𝗢𝗨𝗧𝗜𝗡𝗘 A reconstruction grounded in letters, recollections by close friends such as Joachim, Clara Schumann, and Billroth, and scattered diary fragments. This is not an…

𝗜𝘃𝗼 𝗣𝗼𝗴𝗼𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗶𝗰𝗵: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗣𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗶𝘀𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗗𝗲𝗳𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲, 𝗩𝗶𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗥𝗮𝗱𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗜𝗻𝗱𝗶𝘃𝗶𝗱𝘂𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘁𝘆 ⠀ 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗜 – 𝗕𝗲𝗹𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗱𝗲: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗕𝗶𝗿𝘁𝗵 𝗼𝗳 𝗮𝗻 𝗨𝗻𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘃𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗣𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗶𝘀𝘁 𝗜𝘃𝗼 𝗣𝗼𝗴𝗼𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗶𝗰𝗵 was born on 𝗢𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗯𝗲𝗿 𝟮𝟬, 𝟭𝟵𝟱𝟴, in 𝗕𝗲𝗹𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗱𝗲, then part of…

𝗚é𝘇𝗮 𝗔𝗻𝗱𝗮: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗣𝗼𝗲𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘆, 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗶𝗽𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗙𝗶𝗿𝗲 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗜 – 𝗔 𝗛𝘂𝗻𝗴𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗕𝗲𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴: 𝗕𝘂𝗱𝗮𝗽𝗲𝘀𝘁, 𝟭𝟵𝟮𝟭 𝗚é𝘇𝗮 𝗔𝗻𝗱𝗮 was born on 𝗡𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗿 𝟭𝟵, 𝟭𝟵𝟮𝟭, in 𝗕𝘂𝗱𝗮𝗽𝗲𝘀𝘁, a city whose musical culture was…

𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻 𝗡𝗲𝗽𝗼𝗺𝘂𝗸 𝗛𝘂𝗺𝗺𝗲𝗹 — 𝗔 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲𝘁𝗲 𝗕𝗶𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗽𝗵𝘆 𝗶𝗻 𝟮𝟬 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗮𝘀𝘁 𝗚𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁 𝗣𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗶𝘀𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗹𝗱 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗮 𝗕𝗿𝗶𝗱𝗴𝗲 𝘁𝗼 𝗖𝗵𝗼𝗽𝗶𝗻, 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘇𝘁, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗥𝗼𝗺𝗮𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗰 𝗔𝗴𝗲 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝟭 — 𝗔 𝗖𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗱 𝗼𝗳…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗖𝗛𝗜𝗟𝗗𝗛𝗢𝗢𝗗 𝗢𝗙 𝗙𝗘𝗟𝗜𝗫 𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗗𝗘𝗟𝗦𝗦𝗢𝗛𝗡 (𝗜𝗜) “𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗘𝗱𝘂𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝗚𝗲𝗻𝗶𝘂𝘀” (𝟭𝟴𝟭𝟳–𝟭𝟴𝟮𝟭) 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝟴: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗶𝗽𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗖𝗮𝗿𝗹 𝗙𝗿𝗶𝗲𝗱𝗿𝗶𝗰𝗵 𝗭𝗲𝗹𝘁𝗲𝗿 By 1817, when Felix was eight years old, his father decided that the time had…