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𝗔𝗠𝗕𝗥𝗢𝗜𝗦𝗘 𝗧𝗛𝗢𝗠𝗔𝗦 𝗔𝗻𝗲𝗰𝗱𝗼𝘁𝗲𝘀, 𝗖𝘂𝗿𝗶𝗼𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗮 𝗙𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗵 𝗢𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗰 𝗦𝘂𝗿𝘃𝗶𝘃𝗼𝗿 𝗔𝗺𝗯𝗿𝗼𝗶𝘀𝗲 𝗧𝗵𝗼𝗺𝗮𝘀 was one of the central figures of nineteenth-century French opera, although his reputation today rests above all on two works:…

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗙𝗔𝗠𝗢𝗨𝗦 𝗣𝗔𝗥𝗜𝗦 𝗢𝗣𝗘𝗥𝗔, 𝟭𝟴𝟳𝟱 𝗔 𝗠𝗢𝗡𝗨𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗧 𝗕𝗢𝗥𝗡 𝗙𝗥𝗢𝗠 𝗜𝗠𝗣𝗘𝗥𝗜𝗔𝗟 𝗔𝗠𝗕𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗣𝗔𝗥𝗜𝗦𝗜𝗔𝗡 𝗦𝗣𝗟𝗘𝗡𝗗𝗢𝗨𝗥 In 1875, Paris received one of the most dazzling theatrical monuments ever built in Europe: the new opera house now…

𝗖𝗮𝗺𝗶𝗹𝗹𝗲 𝗦𝗮𝗶𝗻𝘁-𝗦𝗮𝗲̈𝗻𝘀: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗮𝘀𝘁 𝗗𝗮𝘆𝘀, 𝗛𝗶𝘀 𝗗𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗵, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗛𝗶𝘀 𝗙𝘂𝗻𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗹𝘀 𝗜. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗮𝘀𝘁 𝗣𝗵𝗮𝘀𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗛𝗶𝘀 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲 In the final years of his life, Camille Saint-Saëns had become one of the last living monuments…

𝐇𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫 𝐁𝐞𝐫𝐥𝐢𝐨𝐳: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐅𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐡 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐡𝐞𝐭 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐎𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐞, 𝐎𝐛𝐬𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧, 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐃𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐦 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐀 𝐍𝐞𝐰 𝐌𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐔𝐧𝐢𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐞 There are composers who refine an existing language, and there are others who seem to arrive almost…

𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗚𝗿𝗮𝘃𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗙𝗿𝘆𝗱𝗲𝗿𝘆𝗸 𝗖𝗵𝗼𝗽𝗶𝗻 The grave of Fryderyk Chopin in Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris is not merely a burial site. It is one of the most symbolic places in the history of…

𝐇𝐞𝐧𝐫𝐢 𝐇𝐞𝐫𝐳: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐆𝐥𝐢𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐊𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐎𝐟 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐚𝐥𝐨𝐧 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐕𝐢𝐫𝐭𝐮𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐀𝐧 𝐄𝐦𝐩𝐢𝐫𝐞 There are pianists whose fame rests on a few immortal works, and there are others whose importance lies in the…

𝐄𝐫𝐢𝐤 𝐒𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐞: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐜𝐜𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐜 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐡𝐞𝐭 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐓𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐈𝐫𝐨𝐧𝐲, 𝐒𝐢𝐥𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞, 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐂𝐥𝐞𝐚𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐌𝐨𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐧 𝐌𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐜 There are composers whose greatness lies in large monuments, and there are others whose influence works more strangely, more quietly,…

# **𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗜𝗡 𝗦𝗪𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗗’𝗦 𝗕𝗜𝗢𝗚𝗥𝗔𝗣𝗛𝗬 - CHAPTER 12 - Ashes ** ## **I. Arrival in Paris: Promise Beneath Gathering Shadows** When **Mozart** and his mother **Maria Anna Mozart** reached **Paris on 23 March 1778**,…

𝐉𝐄𝐀𝐍-𝐏𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐈𝐏𝐏𝐄 𝐑𝐀𝐌𝐄𝐀𝐔 (𝟏𝟔𝟖𝟑–𝟏𝟕𝟔𝟒): 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Jean-Philippe Rameau (1683–1764) was born on 25 September 1683 and died on 12 September 1764. He is often remembered as the supreme…

𝗗𝗶𝗻𝘂 𝗟𝗶𝗽𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗶 (1917–1950) 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗮 𝗛𝗮𝘀𝗸𝗶𝗹 (1895–1960) — 𝗔 𝗣𝗶𝗮𝗻𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗰 𝗕𝗼𝗻𝗱 𝗼𝗳 𝗣𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗠𝘂𝘁𝘂𝗮𝗹 𝗥𝗲𝘀𝗽𝗲𝗰𝘁 The relationship between 𝗗𝗶𝗻𝘂 𝗟𝗶𝗽𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗶 and 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗮 𝗛𝗮𝘀𝗸𝗶𝗹 was not one of formal teacher and pupil, but rather…

𝗦𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗗𝗘𝗕𝗨𝗦𝗦𝗬 — 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗦𝗧𝗥𝗔𝗡𝗚𝗘 𝗙𝗥𝗜𝗘𝗡𝗗𝗦𝗛𝗜𝗣 𝗧𝗛𝗔𝗧 𝗦𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗘𝗗 𝗙𝗥𝗘𝗡𝗖𝗛 𝗠𝗢𝗗𝗘𝗥𝗡𝗜𝗦𝗠 The relationship between 𝗘𝗿𝗶𝗸 𝗦𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗲 (𝟭𝟴𝟲𝟲–𝟭𝟵𝟮𝟱) and 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝘂𝗱𝗲 𝗗𝗲𝗯𝘂𝘀𝘀𝘆 (𝟭𝟴𝟲𝟮–𝟭𝟵𝟭𝟴) is one of the most fascinating artistic friendships in musical history. It began…

# **Bizet, His life and his Works by Hugh MacDonald ** **Complete Book: ** [https://classicalarchive.org/bizet-his-life-and-his-works-by-hugh-macdonald/](https://classicalarchive.org/bizet-his-life-and-his-works-by-hugh-macdonald/) **Bizet: His Life and His Works** is one of the **most authoritative modern studies of Georges Bizet**, written by…

# **Haydn - Symphonies Nos. 83 - 94 - 101 - Capella Istropolitana - Barry Wordsworth ** [https://www.patreon.com/posts/haydn-symphonies-146895866?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link](https://www.patreon.com/posts/haydn-symphonies-146895866?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link) ## **Symphony No. 83 in G minor, Hob. I:83 – “La Poule” (1785)** Symphony No. 83…

# **Haydn - Symphonies Nos. 82 - 96 - 100 - Capella Istropolitana - Barry Wordsworth ** [https://www.patreon.com/posts/haydn-symphonies-146895588?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link](https://www.patreon.com/posts/haydn-symphonies-146895588?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link) ## **Symphony No. 82 in C major, Hob. I:82 – “The Bear” (1786)** Symphony No. 82…

# **Meyerbeer - Robert le Diable - Opera - 1831 - Marc Minkowski - ** [[https://www.patreon.com/posts/meyerbeer-robert-144754985?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link](https://www.patreon.com/posts/meyerbeer-robert-144754985?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link)](https://www.patreon.com/posts/meyerbeer-robert-144754985?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link) ## **I. Birth of a New Operatic World** When **Giacomo Meyerbeer** premiered *Robert le Diable* on **21 November…

# **THE DEATH OF JEAN-MARIE LECLAIR — A COMPLETE ANALYSIS** *Murder, mystery, and the fall of a French master* Few deaths in the history of classical music are as dramatic or as shrouded in…

# **The Grave of Fryderyk Chopin ** The grave of **Fryderyk Chopin** in **Père Lachaise Cemetery** in Paris is not merely a burial site. It is one of the most symbolic places in the…

𝐒𝐎𝐋𝐀𝐍𝐆𝐄 𝐃𝐔𝐃𝐄𝐕𝐀𝐍𝐓-𝐒𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐃𝐀𝐔𝐆𝐇𝐓𝐄𝐑 𝐎𝐅 𝐆𝐄𝐎𝐑𝐆𝐄 𝐒𝐀𝐍𝐃, 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐄, 𝐑𝐄𝐁𝐄𝐋, 𝐖𝐑𝐈𝐓𝐄𝐑 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐎𝐍𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐏𝐋𝐄𝐗 𝐅𝐈𝐆𝐔𝐑𝐄𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐂𝐇𝐎𝐏𝐈𝐍’𝐒 𝐅𝐈𝐍𝐀𝐋 𝐘𝐄𝐀𝐑𝐒 𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐞 𝐃𝐮𝐝𝐞𝐯𝐚𝐧𝐭-𝐒𝐚𝐧𝐝, later known as 𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐞 𝐂𝐥é𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐞𝐫-𝐒𝐚𝐧𝐝, was born in 1828 into a family…

𝐏𝐀𝐔𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐄 𝐕𝐈𝐀𝐑𝐃𝐎𝐓 — 𝐀 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 𝐀𝐓 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐇𝐄𝐀𝐑𝐓 𝐎𝐅 𝐑𝐎𝐌𝐀𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐂 𝐄𝐔𝐑𝐎𝐏𝐄 Few personalities of the nineteenth century allow us to trace the cultural history of Romantic Europe as fully as 𝐏𝐚𝐮𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐞 𝐕𝐢𝐚𝐫𝐝𝐨𝐭 (𝟏𝟖𝟐𝟏–𝟏𝟗𝟏𝟎). Her…

𝐂𝐇𝐎𝐏𝐈𝐍 𝐓𝐇𝐑𝐎𝐔𝐆𝐇 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐄𝐌𝐏𝐎𝐑𝐀𝐑𝐈𝐄𝐒 𝐅𝐑𝐈𝐄𝐍𝐃𝐒, 𝐋𝐎𝐕𝐄𝐑𝐒, 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐑𝐈𝐕𝐀𝐋𝐒 𝐁𝐘 𝐏𝐈𝐄𝐑𝐑𝐄 𝐇. 𝐀𝐙𝐎𝐔𝐑𝐘 𝐏𝐀𝐑𝐓 𝐈𝐈 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐏𝐀𝐑𝐈𝐒 𝐘𝐄𝐀𝐑𝐒, 𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟏–𝟏𝟖𝟒𝟗 𝐂𝐇𝐀𝐏𝐓𝐄𝐑 𝟖 — 𝐅𝐄𝐋𝐋𝐎𝐖 𝐏𝐈𝐀𝐍𝐈𝐒𝐓 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐏𝐎𝐒𝐄𝐑 𝐅𝐑𝐀𝐍𝐙 𝐋𝐈𝐒𝐙𝐓 Of all the composers of his…

𝐓𝐂𝐇𝐀𝐈𝐊𝐎𝐕𝐒𝐊𝐘 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐒𝐀𝐈𝐍𝐓-𝐒𝐀𝐄̈𝐍𝐒: 𝐅𝐑𝐈𝐄𝐍𝐃𝐒𝐇𝐈𝐏, 𝐀𝐃𝐌𝐈𝐑𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐑𝐈𝐕𝐀𝐋𝐑𝐘 𝐁𝐄𝐓𝐖𝐄𝐄𝐍 𝐓𝐖𝐎 𝐆𝐄𝐍𝐈𝐔𝐒𝐄𝐒 The relationship between Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and Camille Saint-Saëns was one of the most fascinating personal encounters between two major European composers of the…

𝐖𝐎𝐉𝐂𝐈𝐄𝐂𝐇 𝐆𝐑𝐙𝐘𝐌𝐀Ł𝐀 — 𝐂𝐇𝐎𝐏𝐈𝐍’𝐒 𝐅𝐑𝐈𝐄𝐍𝐃, 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐅𝐈𝐃𝐀𝐍𝐓 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐀𝐃𝐕𝐈𝐒𝐄𝐑 𝐈𝐍 𝐏𝐀𝐑𝐈𝐒 The figure of 𝐖𝐨𝐣𝐜𝐢𝐞𝐜𝐡 𝐆𝐫𝐳𝐲𝐦𝐚ł𝐚 occupies a far more important place in the life of Fryderyk Chopin than his relative absence from popular biographies…

𝐌𝐀𝐑𝐈𝐀 𝐖𝐎𝐃𝐙𝐈𝐍𝐒𝐊𝐀 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐖𝐎𝐌𝐀𝐍 𝐂𝐇𝐎𝐏𝐈𝐍 𝐀𝐋𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐌𝐀𝐑𝐑𝐈𝐄𝐃 Maria Wodzińska occupies a singular place in the biography of Frédéric Chopin. She was not merely one of the women associated with the composer’s emotional life:…

𝐂𝐇𝐎𝐏𝐈𝐍 𝐓𝐇𝐑𝐎𝐔𝐆𝐇 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐄𝐌𝐏𝐎𝐑𝐀𝐑𝐈𝐄𝐒 𝐅𝐑𝐈𝐄𝐍𝐃𝐒, 𝐋𝐎𝐕𝐄𝐑𝐒, 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐑𝐈𝐕𝐀𝐋𝐒 𝐁𝐘 𝐏𝐈𝐄𝐑𝐑𝐄 𝐇. 𝐀𝐙𝐎𝐔𝐑𝐘 𝐏𝐀𝐑𝐓 𝐈𝐈 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐏𝐀𝐑𝐈𝐒 𝐘𝐄𝐀𝐑𝐒, 𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟏–𝟏𝟖𝟒𝟗 𝐂𝐇𝐀𝐏𝐓𝐄𝐑 𝟔 — 𝐌𝐎𝐉𝐀 𝐁𝐈𝐄𝐃𝐀 𝐌𝐀𝐑𝐈𝐀 𝐖𝐎𝐃𝐙𝐈Ń𝐒𝐊𝐀 Among all the women who entered 𝐅𝐫𝐲𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐲𝐤 𝐂𝐡𝐨𝐩𝐢𝐧’s…