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𝗣𝗮𝘂 𝗖𝗮𝘀𝗮𝗹𝘀 – 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿 𝗼𝗳 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗛𝗮𝗿𝗺𝗼𝗻𝘆 (𝗔 𝗱𝗲𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗱 𝗻𝗮𝗿𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝗼𝗻 𝗵𝗶𝘀 𝗲𝘃𝗼𝗹𝘂𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻, 𝗽𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗼𝘀𝗼𝗽𝗵𝘆, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗮𝘀 𝗮𝗻 𝗼𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿) Pau (Pablo) Casals, although universally remembered as one of the greatest cellists…

𝐉𝐨𝐫𝐝𝐢 𝐒𝐚𝐯𝐚𝐥𝐥: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐌𝐚𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐨 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐞𝐝 𝐋𝐨𝐬𝐭 𝐂𝐢𝐯𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐳𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬 𝐖𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐀 𝐕𝐢𝐨𝐥𝐚 𝐃𝐚 𝐆𝐚𝐦𝐛𝐚 𝐈𝐧 𝐇𝐢𝐬 𝐇𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐬 There are musicians who perform great repertory, and there are others who seem to widen the very map…

𝐕𝐚́𝐜𝐥𝐚𝐯 𝐓𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐜𝐡: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐌𝐚𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐨 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐆𝐚𝐯𝐞 𝐀 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐭𝐬 𝐎𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐕𝐨𝐢𝐜𝐞 There are conductors who inherit great orchestras, and there are conductors who create them in the deepest sense. 𝐕𝐚́𝐜𝐥𝐚𝐯 𝐓𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐜𝐡 belonged to the…

𝐄𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐡 𝐊𝐥𝐞𝐢𝐛𝐞𝐫: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐀𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐜𝐫𝐚𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐞 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐀𝐠𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐬𝐭 𝐓𝐲𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐧𝐲 There are conductors whose greatness lies in sheer musical command, and there are conductors whose greatness also acquires a moral dimension because of the…

𝐏𝐮𝐜𝐜𝐢𝐧𝐢 - 𝐓𝐨𝐬𝐜𝐚 [𝐄𝐌𝐈 𝟓 𝟔𝟕𝟕𝟓𝟔 𝟐] 𝐂𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐚𝐬, 𝐃𝐢 𝐒𝐭𝐞𝐟𝐚𝐧𝐨, 𝐆𝐨𝐛𝐛𝐢, 𝐒𝐚𝐛𝐚𝐭𝐚, 𝐂𝐨𝐫𝐨 𝐞 𝐎𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐚 𝐝𝐞𝐥 𝐓𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐫𝐨 𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐚 𝐒𝐜𝐚𝐥𝐚 𝐝𝐢 𝐌𝐢𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐨 https://www.patreon.com/posts/puccini-tosca-5-136688109?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link 𝐏𝐮𝐜𝐜𝐢𝐧𝐢’𝐬 𝐓𝐨𝐬𝐜𝐚 𝐮𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐫 𝐕𝐢𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫 𝐝𝐞 𝐒𝐚𝐛𝐚𝐭𝐚 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐚 𝐂𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐚𝐬: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐌𝐚𝐤𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐨𝐟…

𝐓𝐮𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐨 𝐒𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐟𝐢𝐧: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐚𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐫𝐜𝐡 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐒𝐡𝐚𝐩𝐞𝐝 𝐎𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐚, 𝐂𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐋𝐞𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐝𝐬, 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐂𝐚𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐝 𝐁𝐞𝐥 𝐂𝐚𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐌𝐨𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐧 𝐀𝐠𝐞 There are opera conductors who serve repertory, and there are opera conductors who seem almost to stand…

𝐎𝐭𝐭𝐨 𝐊𝐥𝐞𝐦𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐫 𝐢𝐧 𝐁𝐞𝐞𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐧: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐢𝐧𝐞 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐡𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐞𝐬, 𝐎𝐧𝐞 𝐛𝐲 𝐎𝐧𝐞 Otto Klemperer’s Beethoven belongs among the most imposing achievements in the discography of the twentieth century. His Philharmonia recordings, mainly made between 1955 and…

**𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗜𝗡 𝗦𝗪𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗗’𝗦 𝗕𝗜𝗢𝗚𝗥𝗔𝗣𝗛𝗬 - 𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐩𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝟏𝟎 — 𝐍𝐨 𝐕𝐚𝐜𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐲 𝐇𝐞𝐫𝐞** **𝐒𝐚𝐥𝐳𝐛𝐮𝐫𝐠 𝐋𝐞𝐟𝐭 𝐁𝐞𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐝: 𝐀 𝐃𝐞𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐅𝐮𝐥𝐥 𝐨𝐟 𝐓𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧** When **Wolfgang Mozart** and his mother **Maria Anna Mozart** left Salzburg in **September 1777**, this…

𝐁𝐞𝐞𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐧 – 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐡𝐨𝐧𝐲 𝐍𝐨. 𝟗, 𝐎𝐩. 𝟏𝟐𝟓 – 𝐈𝐫𝐦𝐠𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐒𝐞𝐞𝐟𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐝 – 𝐌𝐚𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐞𝐧 𝐅𝐨𝐫𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐫 – 𝐄𝐫𝐧𝐬𝐭 𝐇𝐚𝐞𝐟𝐥𝐢𝐠𝐞𝐫 – 𝐃𝐢𝐞𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐡 𝐅𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐫-𝐃𝐢𝐞𝐬𝐤𝐚𝐮 – 𝐁𝐞𝐫𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐫 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐦𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐤𝐞𝐫 – 𝐅𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐜 𝐅𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐬𝐚𝐲 https://www.patreon.com/posts/beethoven-no-9-153325649?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link 𝐁𝐞𝐞𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐧 – 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐡𝐨𝐧𝐲 𝐍𝐨. 𝟗 𝐢𝐧 𝐃 𝐦𝐢𝐧𝐨𝐫,…

𝐄𝐥𝐢𝐳𝐚𝐛𝐞𝐭𝐡 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐰𝐚𝐫𝐳𝐤𝐨𝐩𝐟 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐖𝐚𝐥𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐋𝐞𝐠𝐠𝐞: 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐀𝐫𝐭𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐏𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐀𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞 Elizabeth Schwarzkopf and Walter Legge formed one of the most influential, complex, and frequently debated personal and artistic partnerships in the…

𝐀𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐃 𝐕𝐀𝐑𝐍𝐀𝐘 (𝟏𝟗𝟏𝟖–𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟔) 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐖𝐀𝐆𝐍𝐄𝐑𝐈𝐀𝐍 𝐐𝐔𝐄𝐄𝐍 𝐎𝐅 𝐅𝐈𝐑𝐄 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐃𝐑𝐀𝐌𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐂 𝐒𝐎𝐏𝐑𝐀𝐍𝐎 𝐖𝐇𝐎 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐐𝐔𝐄𝐑𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐀𝐘𝐑𝐄𝐔𝐓𝐇 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐑𝐄𝐈𝐍𝐕𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐇𝐄𝐑𝐒𝐄𝐋𝐅 𝐁𝐈𝐑𝐓𝐇 𝐈𝐍𝐓𝐎 𝐀 𝐖𝐎𝐑𝐋𝐃 𝐎𝐅 𝐎𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐀 — 𝐀 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐓𝐇𝐄𝐀𝐓𝐑𝐄 𝐀𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐝 𝐕𝐚𝐫𝐧𝐚𝐲 (𝟐𝟓 𝐀𝐩𝐫𝐢𝐥…

𝐉𝐄𝐀𝐍 𝐒𝐈𝐁𝐄𝐋𝐈𝐔𝐒 (𝟏𝟖𝟔𝟓–𝟏𝟗𝟓𝟕): 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Jean Sibelius (1865–1957) is often remembered as the austere and noble musical voice of Finland: the composer of Finlandia, the seven symphonies,…

𝐀𝐍𝐓𝐎𝐍𝐈𝐍 𝐃𝐕𝐎𝐑𝐀𝐊: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄 Antonin Dvorak is often remembered as one of the healthiest, warmest, and most balanced figures in nineteenth-century music: a deeply Czech composer, a…

𝐉𝐀𝐌𝐄𝐒 𝐊𝐈𝐍𝐆 (𝟏𝟗𝟐𝟓–𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟓) - 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐍𝐎𝐁𝐋𝐄 𝐕𝐎𝐈𝐂𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐖𝐀𝐆𝐍𝐄𝐑 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐀𝐌𝐄𝐑𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐍 𝐓𝐄𝐍𝐎𝐑 𝐖𝐇𝐎 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐐𝐔𝐄𝐑𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐀𝐘𝐑𝐄𝐔𝐓𝐇 𝐀𝐍 𝐔𝐍𝐋𝐈𝐊𝐄𝐋𝐘 𝐁𝐄𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐍𝐈𝐍𝐆 — 𝐊𝐀𝐍𝐒𝐀𝐒, 𝟏𝟗𝟐𝟓 𝐉𝐚𝐦𝐞𝐬 𝐊𝐢𝐧𝐠 (𝟐𝟒 𝐌𝐚𝐲 𝟏𝟗𝟐𝟓 – 𝟐𝟎 𝐍𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟓) was born in…

𝐌𝐈𝐑𝐄𝐋𝐋𝐀 𝐅𝐑𝐄𝐍𝐈 (𝟏𝟗𝟑𝟓–𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟎) - 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐕𝐎𝐈𝐂𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐑𝐔𝐓𝐇 — 𝐅𝐑𝐎𝐌 𝐀 𝐁𝐀𝐊𝐄𝐑’𝐒 𝐃𝐀𝐔𝐆𝐇𝐓𝐄𝐑 𝐈𝐍 𝐌𝐎𝐃𝐄𝐍𝐀 𝐓𝐎 𝐎𝐍𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐆𝐑𝐄𝐀𝐓𝐄𝐒𝐓 𝐎𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐀 𝐒𝐎𝐏𝐑𝐀𝐍𝐎𝐒 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝟐𝟎𝐓𝐇 𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐔𝐑𝐘 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃𝐇𝐎𝐎𝐃 𝐈𝐍 𝐌𝐎𝐃𝐄𝐍𝐀 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐁𝐄𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐍𝐈𝐍𝐆 𝐎𝐅 𝐀…

# **𝗠𝗢𝗭𝗔𝗥𝗧 𝗜𝗡 𝗦𝗪𝗔𝗙𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗗’𝗦 𝗕𝗜𝗢𝗚𝗥𝗔𝗣𝗛𝗬 - Chapter 8 — Inertia** **1) Back in Salzburg: Success Without Direction** When **Leopold and Wolfgang returned from Italy in March 1773**, they brought back prestige but **no new…

𝐉𝐄𝐀𝐍 𝐒𝐈𝐁𝐄𝐋𝐈𝐔𝐒 (𝟏𝟖𝟔𝟓–𝟏𝟗𝟓𝟕) 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐍𝐎𝐑𝐃𝐈𝐂 𝐆𝐄𝐍𝐈𝐔𝐒 𝐖𝐇𝐎 𝐓𝐔𝐑𝐍𝐄𝐃 𝐅𝐈𝐍𝐍𝐈𝐒𝐇 𝐍𝐀𝐓𝐔𝐑𝐄 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐌𝐘𝐓𝐇 𝐈𝐍𝐓𝐎 𝐎𝐑𝐂𝐇𝐄𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐋 𝐈𝐌𝐌𝐎𝐑𝐓𝐀𝐋𝐈𝐓𝐘 𝐅𝐀𝐌𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐎𝐑𝐈𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐒 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃𝐇𝐎𝐎𝐃 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐀𝐌𝐄𝐄𝐍𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐍𝐀 𝐉𝐨𝐡𝐚𝐧 𝐉𝐮𝐥𝐢𝐮𝐬 𝐂𝐡𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐚𝐧 “𝐉𝐞𝐚𝐧” 𝐒𝐢𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐮𝐬 was born on 𝟖 𝐃𝐞𝐜𝐞𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫 𝟏𝟖𝟔𝟓 in the…

𝐏𝐀𝐔𝐋 𝐇𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐓𝐇 — 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐏𝐎𝐒𝐄𝐑 𝐖𝐇𝐎 𝐑𝐄𝐁𝐔𝐈𝐋𝐓 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂 𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐑 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐂𝐑𝐈𝐒𝐈𝐒 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝟐𝟎𝐓𝐇 𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐔𝐑𝐘 𝐅𝐑𝐎𝐌 𝐕𝐈𝐎𝐋𝐈𝐍 𝐏𝐑𝐎𝐃𝐈𝐆𝐘 𝐓𝐎 𝐎𝐍𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐈𝐍𝐅𝐋𝐔𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐀𝐋 𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐏𝐎𝐒𝐄𝐑𝐒 𝐎𝐅 𝐌𝐎𝐃𝐄𝐑𝐍 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂 - 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃𝐇𝐎𝐎𝐃 𝐈𝐍 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐀𝐔 — 𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟓…

# **Bruce Haynes’s *****The End of Early Music: A Period Performer’s History of Music for the Twenty-First Century*** Bruce Haynes’s ***The End of Early Music: A Period Performer’s History of Music for the Twenty-First…

# ***Companion to Baroque Music*****, edited by Julie Anne Sadie** ***Companion to Baroque Music***, edited by **Julie Anne Sadie**, has a somewhat interesting publication history because it exists in **two main publishing stages**. The…

# **Massenet Edition - Box Set 23CDs** **CD 1-2** **Massenet: Don Quichotte** Jacques Loreau, Nicolai Ghiaurov, Pascal Beaujon, Régine Crespin, James Amman, Aron Gestner, Annick Dutertre, Jean-Marie Fremeau, Michèle Command, Peyo Garazzi, Gabriel Bacquier,…

# **Verdi - The Great Operas - Box Set 35CDs ** **CD 1-2** **Verdi: Nabucco** Nicolai Ghiaurov (bass), Renata Scotto (soprano), Elena Obraztsova (mezzo-soprano), Veriano Luchetti (tenor), Matteo Manuguerra (baritone), Anne Edwards (soprano), Robert…

𝗠𝗔𝗛𝗟𝗘𝗥: 𝗘𝗔𝗖𝗛 𝗦𝗬𝗠𝗣𝗛𝗢𝗡𝗬 𝗔 𝗨𝗡𝗜𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗦𝗘 To say that each Mahler symphony is a world is not a decorative phrase. It is one of the few formulas that comes close to the truth. In Mahler’s…

𝐀𝐑𝐍𝐎𝐋𝐃 𝐒𝐂𝐇𝐎𝐄𝐍𝐁𝐄𝐑𝐆 — 𝐅𝐑𝐎𝐌 𝐕𝐈𝐄𝐍𝐍𝐄𝐒𝐄 𝐀𝐌𝐀𝐓𝐄𝐔𝐑 𝐓𝐎 𝐑𝐄𝐕𝐎𝐋𝐔𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐀𝐑𝐘: 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐅𝐎𝐑𝐌𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐎𝐅 𝐀 𝐌𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐏𝐑𝐎𝐏𝐇𝐄𝐓 (𝟏𝟖𝟕𝟒–𝟏𝟗𝟎𝟗) 𝐈. 𝐁𝐎𝐑𝐍 𝐈𝐍 𝐕𝐈𝐄𝐍𝐍𝐀 — 𝐀 𝐂𝐇𝐈𝐋𝐃 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐅𝐈𝐍-𝐃𝐄-𝐒𝐈𝐄𝐂𝐋𝐄 (1874–1889) 𝐀𝐫𝐧𝐨𝐥𝐝 𝐅𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐳 𝐖𝐚𝐥𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐨𝐞𝐧𝐛𝐞𝐫𝐠 (13 September 1874 –…